Ziro 2022: The Exemplary Outdoor Music Festival is Here!

September 28, 2022

Music lovers and festival goers, we have the most exciting news of the year. The spectacular outdoor Ziro music festival 2022 from Arunachal Pradesh is back on the ground after two years. The pandemic caused the festival to take place virtually in 2020 but it is now taking place in the picturesque, lush Ziro valley of Arunachal Pradesh from 29 September to 2 October 2022.

Festivals like this are unique, and the local Apatani tribe which holds the festival each year has made sure the four-day carnival has something for everyone. From performances by classical and jazz musicians to folk artists and more, including cultural events as well. The event will also be a smorgasboard of mouth-watering culinary options. In addition to this, there will be art installations, village walks, yoga and meditation, hikes, and indigenous music workshops. Kids under the age of 12 are admitted free. So, if you are travelling with kids, this is icing on the cake for you!

Zero-Festival-Mangka-03-Kev-Curtis — Mangka, Kev Curtis

The well-known music event that will be held for the ninth time this year will also bring us a metaverse of collaborations. The initiative known as Ziro Focus is produced by Ziro Festival of Music, India in partnership with Focus Wales, UK and is supported by the British Council and the Arts Council of Wales. Ziro Focus is a part of the India/UK Together, a Season of Culture, which is an extensive programme of creative collaboration, education, and cultural exchange to commemorate India’s 75th anniversary.

Jonathan Kennedy_Director Arts_British Council India — Jonathan Kennedy, Director Arts, British Council India

Jonathan Kennedy, Director India, British Council says, “India/UK Together, a Season of Culture aims to establish a global network of Indian and British artists in order to strengthen a more diverse, inclusive, and equitable arts sector, and to provide opportunities around digital innovation. We are really excited that Ziro Festival of Music is a part of the Season of Culture with partners Focus Wales. This collaborative project is to empower musicians to connect with their audience and create a fantastic live and digital experience. Phones and mobile tech are an essential part of our lives, and creativity like Ziro Focus where musical experiences are transformed through the use of augmented reality is sure to bind audiences together in both countries. We are happy that Ziro Festival and Focus Wales will be spotlighting fantastic artistic collaborations across both countries.”

Artists from every region of India have been invited to the festival. This year, the legendary Rabbi Shergill and the legendary Jumme Khan from Mewar, Rajasthan, perform an exclusive unplugged set at the Signature Danyii (Sun) stage. Both Nepali singer Bipul Chettri and India’s oldest rapper Baba Sehgal will play at their first-ever concerts in the northeast on the Simba Uproar Piilo (Moon) Stage. This year’s international performers include the energetic female-fronted Japanese band Pinky Doodle Poodle, the Lithuanian pop hit Leon Somov & Dileta, and the brand-new Yelli Yelli project by French composer Emilie Hanak. As part of the British Council’s India-UK Season of Culture events, Manipur’s musical hero Mangka has partnered with up-and-coming Welsh musician Eadyth and their debut song RaRaReHei is soon going to be released as an NFT.

Arunachal Pradesh’s beloved troubadour (and doctor!) Nikom Riba, Mizo pop act Origami, Khasi folk-fusion collective Da Minot, Sikkim’s Salakhala with their funk rock sound, Nagaland’s well-known singer-songwriter Abdon Mech, and the bluesy Dr Declan Oppenheimer’s Polyphonic Experience from Assam are just a few of the northeast performers who will be performing at the festival.

India’s first female classical slide guitarist Dr Kamala Shankar, Kerala’s seasoned rockers Motherjane, Tamil Nadu’s dance electro-pop act Sapta, Maharashtra’s ultra-melodic Easy Wanderlings and fiery act Laxmi Bomb, and Uttarakhand’s up-and-coming qawwali act Rehmat-e-Nusrat are just a few of the acts converging at Ziro from other regions of the nation.

Numerous musicians from various genres, including electronic, folk, classical, rock, and fusion, will perform this year. Watch out for Arunchali folk-fusion band David Angu and The Tribe, experimental post-rock band Sky Level, Street Stories, possibly India’s best pop punk band, Takar Nabam, and the electronic duo Dokodoko.

“Mangka and Eadyth were the most unlikely pair to collaborate on a piece of music because they came from diverse backgrounds, cultures, and musical styles. They never actually met, but they still managed to work together. ReRaReHei, their first joint work, was co-written and created across multiple Zoom meetings, and will be available virtually for all music lovers.” says Anup Kutty, Co-Founder of Ziro Festival of Music.

The Ziro Festival of Music has never used plastic, and this year won’t be any different. All of the main stages will be constructed of bamboo. Even the attendees are urged to use environmentally friendly and waste-reduction methods. There will be a strict no single-use plastic policy in place for everyone to abide by.

Visit www.zirofestival.com to book your tickets, accommodations, and experiences.

10 Essential Tips To Design Your Pooja Room According To Vastu Shastra

Cscope Staff

September 28, 2022

When we buy a house, the first person we thank is God. That’s because we feel from within that an entity like God has helped us reach where we are today. In order to keep his blessings carried forward along with us always, we decide on the puja room design where we plan to situate God. The puja room design is one of the main room designs in the entire house.

When choosing the puja room design, multiple things must be considered. Such as the direction has to be correct in the puja room design. It doesn’t have to be too bright or bold, but the puja room design should also give holy and calming vibes. Other things used should combine and complement the puja room design with the puja room design.

There’s so much more to understand about how exactly the puja room design should be; hence, we have a list of 10 tips to choose the design wisely, according to Vaastu Shastra.

1. Choose the door design well.

Pooja Ghar doors, when designed, keep in mind that they should have two shutters that are the same size and, as far as possible, made of wood. In addition, the doors can be embellished with a certain number of different metals.

2. Pick the direction correctly

The northeast of the house is the best place for the mandir. If not, you can also use the north and east corners. If nothing else works, the west is also okay. However, the pooja room should not be found in the south.

3. Face in the correct direction while praying

When you set up your pooja room, make sure that you sit in it with your back to the north or east so that you can offer prayers. Surya Dev explains this because the sun rises in the east, and its rays are regarded as a blessing from the sun.

4. Keep it on the ground floor.

For the best results, place the pooja ghar on the ground floor of your house. According to Vastu, mandirs should not be located in basements or on upper floors.

5. No two idols should face each other.

In an ideal world, the idols in the mandir should not face each other. They should also be oriented in the northeast instead of in the front of the door or wall. Finally, the idols should always be pointing in the direction of your home because this indicates that they have grace or protection over you.

6. Look at what you keep in the room.

In the pooja room, avoid paintings that depict violence or images of the deceased. Vastu colours like white, light blue, yellow, or other subtle, calming hues are ideal for pooja rooms.

7. Place the lighting well

When placing lamps, Agni Kund, or diyas, ensure they face southeast. Make an effort to put the diyas in the mandir’s centre. Lamps can also be positioned in the south corners, facing either the north or the east.

8. Choose the colours wisely.

Lighting When adding lights to the design of your pooja ghar, use soft colours rather than bright ones. It’s a good idea to use soft colours like white, powder blue, pastel yellow, or sunshine yellow.

9. Check the placement.

The mandir can be placed in the kitchen or living room, but you should make sure it faces northeast. Having a mandir in the bedroom is a bad idea. But if you have to, put it in the bedroom’s northeast corner.

10. What vessels should be used?

Copper is considered auspicious, so copper vessels are used in the pooja ghar.In addition, it is common knowledge in Vastu Shastra that some metals are good for our health, and copper is one of those metals. Therefore, consuming water stored in copper containers is also beneficial to health.

This was the list from our end. If you liked it, let us know.

Defying Boundaries: When a Woman Sculpts Her Own Divine Form

Asit Bhagat

September 26, 2022

In the Indian art landscape, the word murtikaar evokes the imagination of a man sculpting idols.

What causes this imagination is not just the masculine form of the word, but also the fact that we hardly get to see women in the profession. Manly and laborious, sculpting precludes us from imagining a sculptress who can manage the entire sculpting process single-handedly. Murtikaar implies a male has thus become a putative belief.

But then, there are always those who defy the established notions. By setting examples, they make us overcome our assumptions.

My search for one such trailblazer led me to a house of a sculpting family. I called at the door and waited, looking around in the small atelier attached to the house. Just then a lady, with a sturdy physique, emerged and began looking curiously at me.

“Tai, tumcha video pahla ji YouTube var (Sister, I saw your video on YouTube),” I initiated the discussion. “Video? Which video?” she surprisingly asked. She was oblivious of her presence on social media. A year ago, a boy amongst her acquaintances had shot a video of her sculpting Durga and uploaded it on YouTube. “Yes, there’s a video of yours,” the man standing by her said. He was her younger brother. “Ok. Is it?” the down-to-earth lady replied with a smile, while also not being too excited about it.

Ranjana Lavhekar is a clay sculptress from central India’s Yavatmal town. Clay sculpting was not her vocation. Like most parents, her too, had thought of marrying her off as she had come off age. But destiny had a different journey planned for her. Her father suffered paralysis and got permanently confined to bed. However, fate only had more sufferings for the family in store, as more adversities were heaped on the humble souls in the coming days. Sadly enough, with both her kidneys becoming dysfunctional, her mother, too, got ridden to bed. “On one side lay my father, while on the other side, my mother,” recalls Lavhekar, as she remembers those distressful days.

So, the occupation of sculpting didn’t come to Ranjana as a choice but she was compelled by the circumstances to take the reins in her hand. Her father was a sculptor who had gathered fame in the local circle of clay sculptors. However, due to the sudden illness, someone had to continue his legacy on account of two things. Firstly, sculpting was the source of livelihood for the family. And secondly, Ranjana was the eldest child and had to take care of her two brothers, who were young then.

Thus, destiny betrothed the young girl to the art, and now for more than twenty years, the sculptress is assiduously practicing the occupation.

While Lavhekar sculpts idols for a range of festivities, it is Durga sculpting that has a special place in her heart. “Durga Mandals have relations with us since my father’s days. I have always been conscious of keeping that promise,” says Lavhekar. “However, living up to the expectation wasn’t easy as I had to build my skills from scratch,” she doesn’t forget to add.

Even though her two younger brothers assist her in the work, most of the work she manages by herself. “My youngest brother has a knack for eye painting. In any sculpting, the finishing work gives a final form to the idol,” she stresses. “Since my brothers work in other professions, they contribute to my work as much as they can,” the artist adds.

Notably, the artist has still been able to maintain the vim and vigour of her younger years.” Red clay sculpting is a strenuous job,” Ranjana says, as she winds a coir rope around a bunch of paddy straws and pulls it with full energy. Indeed, right from kneading clay, creating frameworks, and rendering shapes to fine-touching body features, sculpting is a laborious endeavour, requiring great physical strength.

Apart from mastering sculpting niceties, it is worthy of admiration how as a young girl she would have managed relations with raw material vendors in a male-dominated space. “We need to procure paddy straw from rice-producing areas of eastern Vidarbha. Initially, I did face difficulties in coordinating with outstation vendors, but once I got accustomed to the process, it became a routine.”

The entire locality has a deep respect for Ranjana. Many feel that had it not been that illness in her family, the course would have been different for her.

Indeed, Ranjana is a gem of a person, who always keeps smiling, and speaks humbly.

When she says she didn’t marry, no explanation of the reason is required. One can make that she has devoted her life to the art and her family.

Destiny exscinded personal happiness from Ranjana’s life, however, she transformed her heart-wrenching story into an inspiring journey.

“You need to hang in there,” she says, with her face beaming with refulgence as much as the goddess’s, as she operates a brush on a Durga idol for giving the final touch.

Types of Dupattas you must Stock your Closet With

Rupsha Sen

September 23, 2022

A dupatta is something that is traditionally worn by Indian women and is nowadays, worn by women as a symbol of humility all around the world. Dupattas are a wardrobe staple for all women and can be paired with literally any outfit like salwar kameez, salwar suits, lehengas, bridal outfits, sarees, casual wear, party wears, and dresses, kurta pyjama, ghagra choli, anarkalis, and even normal jeans and t-shirt. There are a lot of different types of dupattas and all can be used for different purposes with countless designs and patterns and colours. These dupattas instantly add to the beauty, elegance, and grace of the whole outfit and are a real game-changer. From Banarasi Silk dupatta to Bandhani dupatta, there are innumerable types of dupattas. Nevertheless, today, we will take a look at some of these types.

1. Phulkari Dupatta

Types-of-Dupattas-Phulkari-dupatta — Image Source

Originating in Punjab, Phulkari is a folk embroidery tradition of the state and it means flower (Phul) craft (Kari). The Phulkari embroidery is very intricate and is done in several designs and patterns using floss silk thread on woven cotton fabric, Chanderi, chiffon, and other fabrics as well. The Phulkari dupatta designs are mostly hand embroidery and these are usually worn at weddings, festivals, and family functions. The Phulkari dupattas are very bright, bold, colourful, and eye-catching. There are many types of Phulkaris for different uses like Bagh, Thirma, Darshan Dwar, Sainchi Phulkari, Vari-da-bagh, Bawan Bagh, Chope Phulkari, Panchranga Bagh, Satranga Bagh and Modern Day Phulkari. The Phulkari dupattas are also known as the ‘Pride of Punjab’ and there is even a traditional Punjabi song –

“Ih phulkari meri maan ne kadhi, iss noo ghut ghut japhiyan paawan” which translates to “My dear mother has embroidered this phulkari; I embrace it again and again with affection”.

2. Chanderi Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Chanderi Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

The Chanderi fabric originated in a small town, Chanderi in Madhya Pradesh. The Chanderi dupattas are very lightweight with sheer adhere and luxurious drapes. It is very elegant and gives a grand feel. These dupattas are very colourful and have elaborate detailing. There are three types of Chanderi fabrics – pure silk, silk cotton, and Chanderi cotton. The most common designs of Chanderi fabric are florals, coin patterns, peacocks, and geometric patterns. This fabric is created by weaving in silk and golden zari in traditional cotton yarns. These Chanderi dupattas can be worn in festivals, religious functions, and events, college years, and formal parties.

3. Banarasi Silk Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Banarasi Silk Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

Originated in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, the Banarasi Silk fabric is one of the finest traditional fabrics in India and it is very popular worldwide. The Banarasi silk dupattas and clothes were initially made for the royals and real gold and silver threads were used in its making. These are known for their designs and gold and zari work. The designs on Banarasi silk sarees and dupattas are mostly complex and difficult floral motifs. The Mughals were the ones who brought this to India which is why the designs are mostly Mughal inspired. These rich Banarasi silk dupattas are very elegant, shiny, vibrant, glamorous, and quite heavy yet very sophisticated. These dupattas are loved by every Indian woman and are made for special occasions and lavish events only as these silk dupattas are considered very royal. One can don these dupattas in weddings and Indian functions, social gatherings, and formal parties.

4. Gota Patti Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Gota Patti Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

This type of embroidery originated in Rajasthan and this embroidery uses techniques by which they create beautiful, intricate patterns and designs with gold, silver, and copper ribbons and lace. The Gota Patti dupattas are perfect for weddings and festivals. The Gota work is suited best on net dupattas but they can also be done on any other fabric like georgette, chiffon, silk, etc. The Gotas give a heavy look but are very light. The Gota Patti work is now an important part of Indian weddings and it features a lot of bridal lehengas. The Gota Patti dupattas are of those types that never go out of fashion and can be worn on any occasion or event or place from weddings to casual hangouts and get-togethers. The Gota Patti dupattas look best when paired with bright-colored or block-printed suits.

5. Kalamkari Dupatta

Types-of-Dupattas-Kalamkari — Image – itokri

The word ‘Kalamkari’ literally means ‘freehand drawing with a pen. This artwork originated in Andhra Pradesh and is designed completely by hand. Making a Kalamkari piece or fabric requires a lot of steps and techniques like dyeing, bleaching, hand – painting, block-printing, starching, etc. The Kalamkari dupattas are mostly made with cotton fabric. These dupattas can be best paired with either a matching suit or a plain suit with a pair of juttis. One can also don this dupatta with a simple white shirt and blue jeans. These Kalamkari dupattas are apt for social gatherings, festivals, college days, and casual functions and get-togethers.

6. Net Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Net Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

The Net dupattas are one of the most exceptional pieces of grace and beauty. They are extremely elegant, graceful, subtle, and versatile, with a sheer texture, glittery and so light in weight. Net dupattas go with anything be it chiffon suits, party wears, wedding outfits with heavy work on them, embroidered outfits, or traditional outfits like lehengas, salwar suits, or kurtas. These instantly enhance any piece of clothing. These Net dupattas go with anything; still, they can be best paired with white banarasi salwar kameez with some gota on it or one can drape a fun colored glitter dupatta with their clothing. One can even wear it as a cape and carry it on their shoulder or put it over their head. These net dupattas can be worn in any function or events like weddings, casual parties, formal parties, auspicious events, and festivals or also on just a normal day.

7. Chiffon Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Chiffon Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

The Chiffon dupattas are extremely light in weight and fragile and delicate. These are soft in touch and are best in summers and spring as these dupattas are very cheerful and breezy. The chiffon fabric and Georgette are similar to each other. Chiffon dupattas are very accessible and affordable. Moreover, they can easily be dyed, can be draped easily, and are more suited for lighter embroideries. Usually, plain chiffon dupattas are more preferred than the over-embroidered ones. These dupattas are mostly worn as evening wears and they give a touch of elegance and grace to the overall outfit. Chiffon dupattas are very popular and decorative and shimmery. They are well-matched with bright colors, a plain kurta pyjama, salwar kameez, and Anarkali dresses with gota work chiffon dupattas or floral printed dupattas. These dupattas can be donned in engagements, office, work, college. They don’t need an event or a function, one can wear them any day they want.

8. Velvet Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Velvet Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

The velvet dupattas and fabric are perfect for winters and they give a royal and lavish feel. Velvet fabric is mostly used as the bridal outfit and is worn by brides at their weddings. The velvet dupattas are quite heavy and it is difficult to carry and maintain them. For this reason, people usually choose to mix and match their velvet dupattas with another fabric. The velvet fabric is extremely soft like a feather to touch and is very cosy and warm. They are best draped with sarees and lehengas. The velvet dupattas have mostly heavy embroideries and work like zardozi, stone, and mirror work and Dori on them. The colour intensity of velvet dupattas is a treat for the eyes as they have such beautiful colours like intense bottle green, stunning navy blue, and black and gorgeous burgundy. As a velvet dupatta weighs a lot, these cannot be veiled overhead, so one can layer them like a shawl and always pin it up to their outfits because of their weight. The velvet dupattas are mostly worn in family functions, fashion shows, and as a bridal outfit at weddings.

9. Georgette Dupatta

Types-of-Dupattas-Georgette-Dupatta — Image – utsavfashion.com

Georgette dupattas are quite similar to chiffon dupattas and are most suited for summers and spring. These dupattas are cheerful and happy and light in weight. They are semi-transparent and are available in many patterns like prints, florals, and light lacework and pom-poms. It can be paired with a plain salwar kameez or an Anarkali dress with light jewellery. These georgette dupattas are very delicate and gorgeous and they don’t even crease easily. They can be worn on normal college days, casual hangouts and family dinners, and lawn parties. They are well-suited with Kurtis and long Anarkali dresses. These dupattas go well with evening parties and after sunset.

10. Pashmina Dupatta

Types of Dupattas, Pashmina Dupatta — Image – Pinterest

Originated in Kashmir, Pashmina is a ball of fine cashmere wool which comes from either a Changthangi goat or a Pashmina goat. The Pashmina shawls and dupattas are famous worldwide and made from this fibre. These Pashmina dupattas are one of a kind and are extremely elegant and very comfortable. These dupattas are capable of keeping a person warm during cold days and have a shine to them because of which, these are people’s favorite. The Pashmina fabric and dupattas are a little expensive than all other fabrics and are very soft and light. These are mostly worn in social gatherings and events, fashion shows and concerts, marriage ceremonies, and engagement.

A Walk Through the Traditional Footwear of India

Tasneem Sariya

September 22, 2022

Traditional-Footwear-of-India — Image – Wikimedia

Footwear is an important part of any attire. Just as traditional clothing reflects the cultural connotations of a community and area, similarly, footwear too is carefully associated with heritage. India is a unique mix of different cultures and traditions that differ from state to state. And hence, traditional footwear is as much an aspect of culture as any other manifestations of history and heritage.

Today, one cannot imagine life without any sort of footwear. The practical necessity of wearing one is well understood. However, footwear and also the importance of feet have always been culturally, socially and religiously understood in the country. Touching the feet of elders or walking barefoot in places of worship or taking off footwear during special occasions, all are pointers towards the role and meaning of it all.

History of Indian footwear

It is hard to reach the exact time and point when footwear originated in India. However, some of the earliest references can be traced to the ‘padukas’ of Lord Rama. The Paduka or the ‘khatau’ was brought to Ayodhya and placed on the throne whilst Rama was in exile. Besides, many other religions also mention the paduka worn by saints and religious leaders. Another associative word, the ‘ upanah’ has also been used in ancient texts as meaning footwear. The paduka also finds mention in the historic texts of the 6th and 7th century where merchants were said to be wearing the padukas. A simple footwear, the paduka is made of wood with a single knob-like grip for the toe.

Over the years, the climate, social status, local availability etc. have led to the origin of different kinds of footwear across the country. Here is taking a look at some of these.

Juti

The juti or juttis are colorful and stylish footwear made predominantly in Punjab and Rajasthan. One of the best traditional footwear of northern India, they were worn by the Mughals and also the Rajputs. Originally, the juti was worn by the elite and the rich, however, over the years the juti became a symbol of ethnic traditional footwear for all strata of society. Made originally from leather, some of the most royal versions of the juti include zari and precious stone work. Woven with gold and silver threads, the juti was often studded with expensive jewels. Known as ‘Tilla juti’ the tilla or gold and silver wire threads were used to stitch the footwear. Today, jutis are also made in rubber with Patiala and Amritsar as centers of high trade, catering to the domestic, as well as international markets.

Also, it is a long and tedious task to create a jooti. The craftsmen include people from different communities, such as the chamars who process the hide, the rangaars who paint and color the shoe and the mochis who assemble the different parts of the juti together and stitch it all in place.

The range of artistry on the juti is wide. From motifs to floral to geometric patterns and designs, the jutis are versatile in style and craft. They can be worn for traditional occasions but today, their usage is also widely appreciated with modern wear. The different styles of juti, include the mirror work jutis, ghunghroo jutis, phulkari jutis, printed jutis and more. Known for comfort and style, this traditional footwear also has different variations.

Mojari, Khussa, Nagra

Traditional-Footwear-of-India-Mojari — Mojaris – Image Source

One of the most popular variants of the juti is the mojari or khussa. Most loved in Rajasthan, the mojari, like jutis, were worn by the kings and maharajas. Made in Jaipur, Jodhpur and also in Punjab, the mojari has no right or left distinction. Cut and then stitched together, the traditional mojaris have no heels and are worn as flats. There is also the toe curl on the edge that distinguishes this type of the mojari from other footwear. In fact, the upward curve is especially worn by men and the footwear is also known as khussa. The khussas are also cultural footwear for Pakistan. The Multani Khussas for example are quite popular too. Besides, the mojari, like the jutis, are worn by both men and women.

Traditional-Footwear-of-India-khussa — khussa – Image Source

The Nagra is another variant of the juti which is soft and rounded on the top edge. It resembles a ballerina shoe but has been inspired by the Mughal and Rajput style of footwear.

The juti and its variations today not only are sold in the domestic market but also have a wide global appeal. Some of the other varieties of the juti, include the Jalsa juti, Kasuri juti, Salem Shahi juti and more.

Kolhapuri Chappals

As the name suggests, the Kolhapuri chappals originate from the town of Kolhapur in Maharashtra. Handmade from leather, the footwear is traditionally colored using vegetable dyes. As per records, the creation of the Kolhapuri footwear began in the 13th century when King Bijjala along with Basavanna, his Prime Minister, patronized the footwear as a way to uplift the cobbler community. The Saudhager or Saudagar family and household further converted the Kolhapuri footwear into a light weight flap version that made it popular and till date remains the main essence of its design and style. Made from the thick buffalo skin the Kolhapuri footwear is one of the most durable footwear and can withstand rocky terrains.

Though the Kolhapuri chappals are simple in style, today their range and designs have increased. They come in metallic colors, decorated with stones and sequins and are adorned by both men and women with ethnic, as well as modern attires.

The Kolhapuri footwear is however, not only created in Maharashtra, but also in the state of Karnataka. It was also known with different names based on the names of the villages in which the footwear was made. Some of these are Paytaan, Kapashi, Bakkalnali, Kachkadi, Pukari and more.

Pula Chappal

The Pula chappal hails from the state of Himachal Pradesh. Made from bhang or the shale grass, this colorful footwear is ideal for the climate of the state. The grass is twisted in the form of a rope and then topped with woolen threads. Made by the mountain locals, the chappals are perfect for walking on snow. The footwear is, however, multipurpose and is also worn in temples and during religious ceremonies. Initially, the people of the state wore leather shoes, but because the state is also known as the ‘Land of Gods’, the leather was deemed inappropriate. Created mainly by the villagers of Chad, the Pula footwear is popular in other states, such as Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.

Pabu

The Pabu is the traditional footwear from Ladakh. Made in line with the climatic and terrain conditions of the region, this unique and distinctive looking footwear is colorful and wonderfully styled. The shoe rises on the top edge and is cozy and warm, wrapping the entire foot and extending over the ankle. The Theme Pabu is worn by the ladies of the community and is embellished and designed by colorful motifs that are created on a woolen velvety surface. The footwear is made from the wool that is hand woven from sheep or yak and then is stitched on a leather surface by the cobbler.

Khapusa

The Khapusas were boots that were worn by the locals residing in the Himalayas from the 1st century onwards. They might have originated from Iran and were considered perfect for the terrain of the region, as well as a form of protection from snakes, stones, snow etc. Today, knee length boots are a fashion and practical addition in many parts of the country and the world.

Pastoral footwear

Gujarat is home to many nomadic and pastoral communities, such as the Bharwads and Rabari. They walk for long hours over hard terrain and thus, these communities wear traditional footwear, called Rabari na lagna joda or Bharwadi Desi joda. A joda signifies a pair of footwear and it is named according to the community that wears it. The footwear is mostly made by another community called the Gohil. Layers of leather are sewn together by hand to create durable and rough pairs of footwear.

Traditional footwear in India is closely associated with the physical and cultural landscape of the region. Thankfully, most of the traditional footwear continues to hold ground in modern times. Their style, unique designs, comfort and durability make them popular not only in the domestic market but also internationally.

Greatest Sportsperson of India Who Keep Inspiring Us

Cscope Staff

September 22, 2022

Sports is a test of character. It might seem strange to some to glorify sports to a pedestal because at the end of the day it’s just a game. But, undoubtedly sports, no matter of which kind, are kind are one of the highest tests of character, grit and hard work. In competing for a medal or a trophy there is more than just a will to win. There are years of sweat, compromises and determination that culminate in not only a victory, but a lifetime of inspiration. There are many great sportspersons of India that are legends in their own fields.

These great Indian sportspersons are inspirational for more than one reason. They, of course, are luminous in their own careers, each having exemplary titles and records to their names. But their true greatness lies in their overall dedication to their game. In fact, a true sportsperson is one who has immense respect for the game and his/her team. The one thread that binds almost all great sportspersons is their humility and respect for not only their own game, but for all sports in general.

Before we get into the listing of the great sportspersons of India, a quick acknowledgement of all sporting personalities who have risen to meet various challenges and who have pushed themselves only further. They all may not have many accolades to their name but it is without doubt that a complete involvement in any sport is a sure way to help in the overall betterment of the mind, body and soul. That every sports person lifts up to become a better version of themselves when involved in a game. And thus, it is not always about a single game or tournament, but about the encompassing life change that builds a true sportsperson.

Sports in India

India as a sporting nation has had its own shares of ups and downs. With a booming population and talent pool, sports in India is unfortunately not as up to the mark as seen in other nations. This is in terms of infrastructure, marketing, remuneration etc. However, things are beginning to change for the better. Where once only cricket seemed the most popular sport and its players the only well-known sporting icons, today the scene is a bit different. A lot of the other sports are getting their due recognition albeit slowly but steadily. Though there are many factors contributing to this shift, one of the other major reasons is that the country is finding its sporting idols. Badminton or wrestling for example have come into limelight after India won medals and championships. Supremely talented sportspersons in these respective sports brought the name and fame that helped push the sport to gain popularity.

Great sportspersons of India

India is home to a number of great and legendary sports persons. With a huge population and many sports being played across the country, it is tough to list down only a few stalwart sportspersons. However, we have tried to bring across icons who have helped shape the love and understanding of the sport for generations to come. Their life story has inspired and will continue to inspire more youngsters to take sports seriously and make it a way of life. Similarly, their success stories have helped change the narrowed view of society that sports in general cannot be career or life sustaining choices.

1. Major Dhyan Chand

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Major Dhyan Chand — Image – Wikimedia

Any sportsperson list cannot be bereft of Major Dhyan Chand. Synonymous with hockey, Dhyan Chand was part of the hockey team that won the gold medal in 1928, 1932 and 1936 Olympics. He is also recognized as one of the greatest players of the game worldwide. Also known as The Magician and The Wizard, Dhyan Chand scored 570 goals across 185 matches. His birthday is celebrated as the National Sports Day, sealing the priceless contribution that his game and skill had not only in hockey, but in all sports.

2. Milkha Singh and PT USha

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Milkha Singh and PT USha — Image – Wikimedia

The nation lost The Flying Sikh recently, however his immense contribution to the sporting fraternity is immeasurable. An athlete par excellence, he continued to inspire thousands with his fitness, regime and love for sports. A field and track sprinter, he is the only Indian athlete to win Gold at the Asian and Commonwealth Games. Another sprinter who is also called the ‘queen of the Indian track and field’ is PT Usha. She won various medals at the Asian Championships and Asian Games. Today two young athletes Dutee Chand and Hamadas are making their mark and promise for a shining career ahead.

3. Vishwanathan Anand

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Vishwanathan Anand — Image – Wikimedia

The man who put India in the chess playing world has won the World Championship in Chess for 5 times. He was also the first Indian to win the World Junior Chess Championship and he also became India’s first Grandmaster. He can be single handedly credited for raising awareness and interest in chess. In fact, his sporting stature helped in the understanding of sports as an indoor or non-physical activity too.

4. Sachin Tendulkar

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Sachin Tendulkar — Image – Wikimedia

Sachin’s name is a must on this list or for that matter on any great sportsperson’s list in the world. The God of cricket is undoubtedly the finest batsman and sportsman the country has seen. From beginning his career at a tender age to blasting off practically all cricketing records, Sachin has been the icon for many youngsters who aspire to play their favorite sport. Since cricket is extremely popular Sachin’s role in shaping the dreams of millions is unquestionable. Also, his exemplary talent, calm demeanor and true sportsman spirit make him one of the greatest players of the game.

5. Mithali Raj

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Mithali Raj — Image – Wikimedia

Since we are on cricket, another cricketing talent that makes it is Mithali Raj. Though men’s cricket has had the nation in frenzy, women’s cricket never really found its footing until Mithali forced the nation to look its way. The highest run scorer and the only woman cricketer to score more than 6000 runs in international one-day cricket, Mithali has sure paved way for young girls to also take up this popular game professionally.

6. Mary Kom

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Mary Kom — Image – Pinterest

The most famous women boxer, Mary Kom has been the face of female boxing in India. Having won the World Amateur Boxing Championship six times, Mary Kom also has bagged an Olympic bronze and gold at the Asian Boxing Championship. Her story is truly inspirational because she shatters all myths of how women after marriage and kids cannot continue to pursue their sporting careers and in fact, come back winning more titles.

7. Pankaj Advani

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Pankaj Advani — Image – Wikimedia

Pankaj Advani has won 23 world championships and is a billiards and snooker wizard. He won his first title at 18 and thereafter never looked back. He is the only player in the world to have won the World Championships and Asian Championships in all the formats of snooker and billiards. Though snooker and billiards is still not as popular as other sports, Pankaj’s outstanding performances have surely brought the sport into limelight back home.

8. Leander Paes

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Leander Paes — Image – Wikimedia

Tennis has always been a popular sport but Leander Paes made it a household name in India. Though his success in singles wasn’t too great, his pairing with Mahesh Bhupathi made Indian’s proud. He has continued his glorious run in doubles and mixed doubles and won various Grand Slams throughout his career. His biggest inspiration comes from the fact that even after 40 he continues to play with youthful zeal and hasn’t retired from professional tennis yet.

9. Saina Nehwal and PV Sindhu

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Saina Nehwal and PV Sindhu — Image – Wikimedia

It’s hard to make a pick between the two. Both these talented women sports persons have been responsible for making badminton a popular sport in India. Saina has been a World no. 1 and thus the only woman player from India after Prakash Padukone to reach this position. She has also won a bronze at the Olympics. PV Sindhu on the other hand, is the first Badminton World Champion from India and the only Indian female to win a silver at the Olympics. Though the likes of Prakash Padukone and Pullela Gopichand had formed the foundational building, it was these two female players who brought huge fame to the sport.

10. Deepa Malik

Greatest Sportsperson of India, Deepa Malik — Image – Wikimedia

Deepa Malik is a well-known name in the Paralympic Games. She has mastered both shot up and javelin winning medals in both. She is also an active participant in adventure sports. She has till date won 23 international and 58 national medals. Her story is inspiring at many levels. She has proved that even with disability the love and passion for sports cannot fade.

There are many other great sportspersons in India including Baichung Bhutia, Sunil Chhetri, Sania Mirza, Kapil Dev, Abhinav Bindra, the Phogat sisters, Dipika Pallikal and many more. And of course, there is a long list when it comes to those who have played for the Indian cricket team over the years.

However, all of these sportspeople are great because they stand out as role models for the younger generation. They made the nation proud with their foray and also helped pave the way for many more to follow their path.

Best Sleepwears for Women in their 30s

Cscope Staff

September 22, 2022

The key to good physical, mental and emotional health is a good night’s sleep, especially today, when we all are leading hectic, stressful lives. But how do you achieve a satisfying sleep? Well, the easiest answer is wearing comfortable sleepwear.

Whenever you’re out shopping, buying yourself a comfortable night dress for women won’t hurt. These days nightwear is more than just a comfortable piece of clothing to wear at night. Night dress for women these days come in a variety of prints, patterns, designs and colours, which means buying just one pair isn’t enough. From the striped set which gives you the boss vibes to the cute one with scalloped hem to the raunchy feather number, nightwear for women are available in plenty.

If you are looking forward to bringing an edge to your night style, let’s check out the amazing types of night dress for women that you can shop.

Short pyjama set:

When the temperature starts rising, you need to limit the number of clothes on your back. For a good night’s sleep during the summers, you can don a short pyjama set featuring a collared shirt and matching shorts. You can either stick to a cotton nightwear set, which is best, since your skin can breathe, there are also satin ones which you can opt for, if you want to experiment with your style.

Long pyjama set:

If you want to cover all parts of your body, a long pyjama set is an ideal choice. A collared shirt with full sleeves and a matching pyjama will not only feel comfortable but is also an ideal wear to opt for if you wish to step out for a nice walk after dinner.

T-shirt and shorts set:

If Netflix and Chill is your vibe every night, you will feel comfortable in T-shirts and shorts, the ultimate night dress for women. You can either wear a coordinated set, which can be purchased in the same colour or you can experiment with different prints and designs.

Silk gown:

If you are thinking of ways to turn up the heat in the bedroom, simply slip into a silk gown and we bet your partner won’t be able to get his hands off you. The way your body will feel against the silk is something that we can’t describe because it’s something that you need to feel.

A jumpsuit:

Best-Sleepwears-for-Women-in-their-30s-jumpsuit — Image – Zivame

Do you envy how undisturbed and unbothered a baby is when they sleep? Well, you too can sleep like a baby, literally! All you need to do is snuggle up in a cotton jumpsuit or even a fleece jumpsuit when the temperature dips and enjoy a cosy good night’s sleep.

Babydolls:

The instant way to get the zing back in your marriage is slipping into a sexy babydoll night dress for women. You can experiment with many raunchy looks such as opting for a feathered number or a solid silk one to turn up the heat in your bedroom.

Sleepwear is crucial for a good night’s sleep which is why you need to get your hands on the best one or maybe one of every kind if you’re feeling experimental with your style.

Immigration Consultants in Mumbai, Genuine or Not?

Cscope Staff

September 21, 2022

Immigration is complicated and needs to be handled seriously because your future may be at risk. Relocating will cost you money, time, and effort, whatever your motivation. Nobody wants to become a victim of fraud. Your dreams might become a reality with its assistance. For a better future and standard of living, people from Mumbai move to nations like Canada, Australia, the UK, and the USA.

To meet the demands of a considerable number of immigrants, immigration consultants in Mumbai are growing daily. With their genuine and skilled assistance, the consultancies provide valuable services that help people realize their aspirations of immigrating and make it a reality with their specialized knowledge, accreditations, and formal links to embassies.

Are all Immigration Consultants in Mumbai genuine?

You must be aware of the market scams and pick an honest, trustworthy business. Fraudulent businesses are growing more sophisticated in their strategies and use deception to persuade victims into giving them large sums of money. It has been harder to distinguish between a genuine, trustworthy consultancy and just ripping off helpless clients. Not all businesses are reliable and qualified to assist customers in moving through licensed, recognized, and registered platforms.

If you intend to hunt for legitimate immigration consultants in Mumbai, India, that firm must provide the following services. Before making any decisions, remember to read the company profile.

Verify the company profile

It would help if you researched the business and its employees. Check the legitimacy of the services advertised on their website. A trustworthy business has a solid workforce and offices and works collaboratively to provide beneficial services. You can gain insight and determine how to open a company regarding its personnel and services by visiting its website. Check to see if the people listed at the provided phone numbers are real or if they were just offered carelessly. From this, you may learn a lot about the business and its reputation in immigration services.

Be familiar with Accreditation.

Setting up a website and an office is not enough for immigration consultants to operate independently. They must possess some standard license and Accreditation for genuine services. If you’re looking for Canada, find out if the business is registered with the ICCRC. Your immigration advisor must hold a current MARA certification to work in Australia. Ask and enquire, and don’t be afraid to verify the validity of their certificates because an honest business won’t be reluctant to show you their accreditations. You can also do that by inputting the firm name and registered number on the ICCRC and MARA’s official websites.

Real Office Locations

Physical locations are another indicator of a consultancy’s authenticity. Investigate and find the location of their offices. Ask all the required inquiries when you visit before thinking about seeing the specialists there. You can sense someone’s dependability by spending time in their physical office. Because fraudsters sometimes operate without official offices and won’t take the chance of being discovered.

Customer Services

A trustworthy business has a strong team that includes customers, employees, specialists, and facilitators. Considerably observe the client services that the consultancy offers. This demonstrates how much they value their customers’ questions and problems. The immigration procedure is laborious and, on occasion, nerve-wracking. Most trustworthy businesses employ counselors and customer service agents to inform clients of the process through calls, texts, and emails. If they have shady contact numbers and email patterns, it’s already a red flag!

Pay using the Proper Means

Paying in cash or private chats without a record is not recommended. Always get a receipt so you can prove what you paid for. If you do this, you will have a history and evidence in the event of any unfortunate incident. Keep track of each transaction that is made.

Claims that seem too good to be true

Don’t fall for offers and claims that seem too good to be true. Realistic advice will come from a genuine consultant. It will always be honest with you and never tell you anything untrue. The false ones will exaggerate their claims to discuss fast routes and incorrect paths. Don’t be afraid, and only choose simple and lawful migration patterns.

Take Away!

These few suggestions can assist you in putting your time and effort where they will be most beneficial and fruitful. Therefore, DM Consultants India is happy to be recognized as one of the best immigration consultants if you’re looking for immigration services. They have the assistance of an expert staff of immigration specialists. They wish to give their clients the chance to fulfill their aspirations of settling in countries like Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the UK, and the USA.

Ikigai – Discovering Your Reason for Being

Eesani Dey

September 17, 2022

Having a purpose in life is one of the essential factors that drive our life. A goal helps structure our life and move along a specific path we select for ourselves. In today’s dynamic lifestyle, finding a particular purpose can be a very challenging concept. Selecting a specific purpose that will define our life seems like a tough choice to make. There are so many things to do and so many choices to choose from in our multitasking lifestyle. Pointing to one specific factor that drives us to move forward is an intimidating action that many cannot take. Here comes the concept of Ikigai to help us discover the reason for our being.

Ikigai is a term that is in a lot of use in recent times. But what does Ikigai mean? Where does the word come from? How can the concept of Ikigai help us better shape our lives? The answers to these questions can help you better understand the concept of Ikigai and consequently help discover your reason for being.

What is Ikigai?

Ikigai is a Japanese concept and term. It is an ancient philosophy that has become a way of lifestyle for the Japanese and now in the West also.

Etymology and meaning

Ikigai is a combination of two Japanese words. ‘Iki’ means life, and ‘gai’ means to value or worth. The pronunciation of the term is ‘ee-key-guy.’ It means realising the value or purpose of our life that helps us get out of bed every morning.

Origin of Ikigai

Akihiro Hasegawa, a clinical psychologist and associate professor at Toyo Eiwa University, had co-authored a research paper on Ikigai in 2001. It has since then become a part of the everyday Japanese language.

The origin of the word dates back to the Heian period, 794-1185. Etymologically, ‘gai’ comes from another Japanese word, ‘kai’, which means shell. ‘Kai’, or shells, were precious, and from hereon, it was derived as a word that stands for ‘value in living.’ Further, the concept of Ikigai is more in alignment with seikatsu. Hasegawa’s research discovers the understanding that people in Japan favour small joys. For them, everyday happiness, small pleasures lead to a more fulfilling life.

Studies also show that Ikigai as a proven concept originates from the island of Okinawa in Japan. The longevity of the inhabitants of this island is above the national average. The people of Okinawa have found their Ikigai. Having a purposeful, happy life has increased their life span for the better.

Elements of Ikigai

Realising anything in life requires a lot of questioning and answering with the self. This particular Japanese concept needs a lot of deep understanding of ourselves. Ikigai deals with an in-depth awareness of your passions. Ikigai is unlike the power that helps us earn our livelihood. It is more about the psychological and spiritual well-being of the self, the force that keeps our soul thriving.

To understand Ikigai, there are four fundamental questions that aids in discovering the reasons for our being. The four questions are-

What do you love? (Passion)
What does the world need? (Mission)
What are you good at? (Vocation)
What can you get paid for? (Profession)

Having a healthy, successful, and happy life is all about balance. The above four questions help us find some form of balance, a framework that structures our life. Making a list and answering these questions can serve the purpose of finding the centre of our happiness.

Another way of realising your purpose can be stopping yourself in the middle of your work and asking, ‘Why are you doing this?’ Narrowing down our reasons for any particular work can help us realise our happiness.

Importance and popularity of Ikigai

Ikigai is rising in popularity because people can relate more to its importance. Not just the elderly but the youth are also incorporating the concept of it.

Following are some of the importance of finding yours-

Having a balanced lifestyle.
Improvement in both physical and mental health.
The improved success rate in various endeavours of life.
Having an optimistic approach to life.
A good reasoning ability.
Potential to distinguish between what one needs and what one wants in life. This is a crucial realisation. Having the ability to differentiate between ‘need’ and ‘want’ can lessen unwanted cribbing and suffering in life.
It is empathy for others.

There is much importance of Ikigai. Everyone has one of their own. But empathy is one of the most crucial realisations of Ikigai. Realising the purpose behind your actions can help you acknowledge that others too have their goal for their actions. This leads to a healthy community. One does not need to understand the other person’s Ikigai. Only acknowledging the other person’s Ikigai is enough for empathy.

It has become a vogue, especially in western culture. Its rising popularity in the West is more in alignment with people selecting their right career. The westerners’ orientation is focused on having an established career. Their pivot on career has made them wholeheartedly adopt the philosophy of Ikigai to better establish themselves. This understanding of Ikigai, to some extent, delineates from the original concept of its philosophy. But many psychologists and researchers have condemned that Ikigai inevitably is the reason for one’s life that helps one perform better, increase their potential for success, and find meaning in life.

Practicing and finding your Ikigai

The four elements are the founding pillars of teaching the philosophy of Ikigai. Indulging in the habit of renewing, reviewing, and reorganising the answers to the questions can become your surviving guidelines.

The motivation to wake up every morning can change according to situations in life. First, it is essential to understand that just like life keeps changing its course, our Ikigai can also vary accordingly. The passion for developing our talents, increasing our productivity, desire to assist others, and making our living are basic human instincts. Sometimes the motivation behind these instincts may not always be at par with having a good life. That is why it is essential always to analyse ourselves to understand our needs better and wants.

Ikigai is similar to the French term ‘raison d’etre’, meaning ‘reason for being’. It is, therefore, a holistic approach towards leading a content life. Realising our purpose to wake up every morning, the driving force that shapes our successful life, is the need of the hour. Ever since the pandemic, the restricted life has become too monotonous for people to find any kind of optimism. We must find our Ikigai to maintain a semblance and rediscover our reason for being.

Folk Dance Drama Gambhira Festival

Aparna Bhattacharya

September 16, 2022

There’s maybe no better method to investigate the huge art scene of India than through its folk song and dance. Each state and region offers a one of a kind impression and taste into its lifestyle, ceremonies and customs. What’s more, the more you explore the more you understand that in spite of the fact that they all recount a similar story, what’s really otherworldly is the manner by which diverse despite everything they are from each other.

Indian folk and tribal dances are basic dances and are performed to express delight and joy among themselves. Folk and innate dances are performed for each conceivable event, to praise the landing of seasons, birth, a wedding and celebrations. The dances are simple with least of steps or movement. The moves burst with verve and imperativeness. Men and women play out a few moves only, while in a few exhibitions men and women dance together. On most events, the artists sing themselves, while being joined by specialists on the instruments.

In antiquated Bengal, dance was well-known stimulation. Mistresses and sanctuary young ladies were required to be capable in the speciality of dance endorsed by Bharata in his ‘Natya Sastra’. Prevalent types of dancing were rendered at everyday festivals and on different events by low-standing clans Nat’s and Dominis (ladies of the Dom rank) who working on moving and singing as inherited callings. In the medieval times, most likely the organization of sanctuary young ladies wind up noticeably obsolete and class dancing was constrained to mistresses. Subsequently, dancing came to be looked down upon in respectable society.

Gambhira Dance Drama: Gambhira is a type of rhythmic song, dance and drama originating in Chapai Nawabganj, in the Northern Region of Bangladesh. It is performed with an especially unmistakable mood and dance with two entertainers, continually exemplifying a man and his maternal grandfather, talking about a point to raise social realization. Later on this kind of Song and dance became quite popular in Malda of West Bengal India. This ethnic dance of West Bengal holds an extraordinary place in Bengali culture. This mesmerising folk dance supplement the lovely culture of West Bengal, by it,’s brightness and merriment.

Gambhira Dance is likewise performed in two-part harmony or in-gathering, contingent on the quantity of members. The characters of the move speak to{ Puranic} ancient gods like Shiva, Parvati, Kali, and so forth. The enormous drum Dhak is basically utilized as the chief going with the instrument and the melody, sung in commendation of Lord Shiva and the tunes are uproarious and coarse, giving an additional
Author:

grandness to its frame. Gambhira tunes are accepted to have begun from the love of the god Shiva since he is otherwise called ‘Gambhir’. In old circumstances, Gambhira used to be praised as Puja, but in the medieval period, the most Hindu people group began commending the Puja of ‘Dharma Thakur’ (a well known divine force of the Hindus) on the most recent three days of the Bengali year. This, later on, was known as the “gajan” of Shiva’. Before, Shiva was envisioned to be available at the season of real execution.

Loko Utsav: “Gambhira” is an exceptionally celebrated “Loko Utsav” in Malda and this Utsav stayed inside Malda.”Loko Utsav” (Local Festival) turn into the heart beat among the general population of the country side.

Lay out of a Gambhira Program: The beginning of the month Chaitra which is called Chaitra Sankranti, Gambhira begins. Despite the fact that Chaitra Sankranti is on 30th Gambhira begins four days before Chaitra Sankranti and proceeds to the finish of Chaitra.

1st day 26th chaitra- pouring of pitcher{ghat vara}
At the starting of the Gambhira Utsav there is a ritual called-“Pouring of pitcher” (Ghat vara). But this ritual differs in other regions of Bengal. Every thing is done according to the shastra. First day ends with rituals.

2nd day 27th chaitra- Gambhira starts with small show. The show begins with by worshiping of Shiva or Hara-Gouri.
The junior followers act as Sannyasi. This sannyasi are called “BalaVakta”
. That day and following day all the Bala Vaktas remain before Lord Shiva and chant the Shiva-Vandana. After the recitation of Shiv-Vandana, all the Bala-Vaktas remain by one leg and take the name of Shiva as the main priority. Different sort of dances like solo dance, assemble dance and facial act (Mukha Nritya) happens that night.

3rd day 28th chaitra- Big Show bangs at the 3rd day of the Gambhira festival. At afternoon all the disciples move for Jatra called “Shova-jatra” in that shova-jatra all the disciples of different age group take part and they move from one mandap to another mandap by disguising them as ghosts, witches, fireman, snake-man etc. and they loudly beat Dhak. After finishing the shova- jatra, the Act “Lanka Dahan” happens that evening.

4 th day – 29th chaitra – Ahara/Bolai/Bolbai- Gambhira celebration closes on the fourth day with “Bolbai Songs”. Bolbai melodies are Gambhira songs. Every melody depends on the contemporary event. The fundamental reason for existing of this festival is to introduce the situation of regular man because of high-value rise, defilement, abuse of political power under the affection of communicating them to master Shiva. Therefore it has appeared as the folk dance drama.

Image Source – http://www.irfwp.org

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