Lubaina Bandukwala’s new book presents the charm of Hyderabad and its royalty in a humourous manner, making the plot enjoyable for young readers.
In the book, when you meet Sahabzada Hawa Singh Rafu Chakkar (Rafu) who is a descendant of the legendary Time-Travelling Thieving Djinns. Rafu wants to abandon the family tradition of stealing jewels to pursue his true passion—cooking. Rafu’s relentless pursuit of becoming a chef is sure to inspire you to chase your unfulfilled dreams.
Alongside, you will visit 16th century Hyderabad and witness Bandukwala’s version of the construction of the iconic Charminar.
For all those looking to read about a little bit of history, royal cuisines, mystical djinns and a lot of thrilling adventure, this book is a perfect read!
Read this excerpt from the book to find out more!
Late at night in Modern-day Hyderabad
There was spoon-drop silence in the kitchen of the famed Chez Mulki Hyderabadi restaurant. This exclusive fine-dining restaurant, nestled within a haveli, was closed for the night. In the kitchen, two assistant chefs watched as the great chef, Fufu, prepared the marinade for the next day’s biryani.
The boys held their breath. The boss himself was bent low, eyes squinting in concentration, his hands poised with a pinch of saffron above the deg. Only ten strands must fall in the mixture—nothing more, nothing less. As his fingers carefully released the strands one by one, you could have sliced the tension with one of Fufu’s gleaming knives.
Suddenly, the kitchen door slammed open, ushering in Bunty, the odd-job boy, a crate filled with condiments, and the somber tones of a TV news broadcast, as it delivered its customary barrage of doom and gloom.
‘The storm over Telangana has passed. Nevertheless, the strong winds have damaged the Charminar, causing the upper section of its western minaret to collapse,’ droned the news presenter in the background.
As the door slammed shut behind the hapless Bunty, Chef Fufu’s hand trembled ever so slightly, more like a tremor than a shake. Under the terrified gaze of the boys, the eleventh strand of saffron floated gently down into the deg.
The two assistants did not wait to see more. Their tasting spoons tinkled as they tossed them on to the counter, and food trollies collided as they hurriedly backed out and fled. The silence of the night shattered under the weight of an anguished howl. Oh yes, it was best to be as far as possible from the chef tonight.
As they ran away, they took that one thought with them: Why did Chef Fufu, known for being iron calm, make such a big mistake?
Back in the kitchen, the chef clutched his hair and slapped his cheeks. Then, he took a deep breath to calm himself down. He looked around furtively and went to his office. Disaster, this was a disaster. And he wasn’t thinking about the biryani. On a counter in the room, there was a small oven, supposedly for experimenting with new dishes. It was, in fact, a safe. He swung open its door, peered inside and sighed, ‘You, my dear, are about to cause a great deal trouble.’
And as if on cue, the phone began to ring.
‘Okay, what if I do get the diamond? Will you let this be my last TTTD assignment and let me open my restaurant?’
Bibi H looked at her son. She saw the excitement in his eyes when he talked about food. She patted the jewelled combs that held back her sleek black hair in a nervous gesture and closed her eyes.
‘Your Rafu, such a charmer he is. But really, what is this silly hobby of his? It’s high time he took things seriously and joined the family trade,’ her older sister might have said it, but she knew just about everyone in the family and their friends felt the same. The TTTD were big on tradition, and it would not be good for him or for them if he broke it.
She sighed. ‘Maybe,’ she said. ‘Let’s see if you succeed first.’
Rafu saw the conflicting thoughts playing across his mother’s strong and beautiful face. That ‘maybe’ was enough for him. He determined to get that diamond under any circumstance. It was the ticket to his dream.
Bibi H continued, ‘It’s not that easy Rafu, even if you find the diamond, it may be laced with djinn repelling spells. Do know how to deal with those?’
‘Yes, mom, that’s fully covered in our high school portion!’
‘As if that will be sufficient. Rafu, you have only eight days. That’s tough even by the most senior djinn standards. I just want to help you with some more advanced . . .’
‘Mom, just get me to Haiderabad, and I’ll figure it out.’
‘That’s your plan? “I’ll figure it out?”
In the room next door, Mir Dhokebaaz piled some more magazines on his face and covered his ears, but he still couldn’t shut out the endless squabbling between mother and son. He sighed, worst nap-day ever!
Text excerpted with permission from Penguin Random House India.
Another year is yet to unfold, and it brings along an opportunity to enjoy, meditate and restart things for oneself. Also, it is a time to make space for all things new. New fashions and trends that reflect more of your personality as well as speak of your taste in fashion. Ethnic clothes are an excellent way to express yourself, be it with the colouror multifaceted forms of attire. It can help you stand apart from others. Regardless of whether you are going to a party, wedding, festival or any other casual occasion, there are always suit sets when it comes to ethnic wear for you.
Usually worn together with a kurta, bottom and dupatta that can be interchanged to make different looks, they are comfortable, graceful and easy to put on. They come in different fabrics, colours, patterns and designs, thus meeting each person’s taste and budget.
Here are 7 designer suit sets from Ganga Fashions that you can try in the New Year 2024.
Raw Silk Anarkali Salwar Suit in Aspen Green
This designer suit set is a perfect example of elegance and grace. The aspen green colour is soothing and refreshing. This anarkali salwar suit is designed from raw silk of high quality, cotton satin and chinon silk. The top has a round neck, full sleeves and beautiful embroidery. The bottom and the dupatta are of the same colour, while this suit has an inner lining to make it more comfortable. This suit will fit you well and make you look different from others.
Golden Embroidered Raw Silk Salwar Suit with Silk Organza Dupatta in Deep Purple
Any occasion will look stunning with this deep purple salwar suit. The top is made of raw silk, which gives this party wear suit setsa rich and elegant texture. For a little sparkle, the golden embroidery is present in the outfit. It is the bottom part that is made of cotton satin, a soft and comfortable material. The dupatta, also made of silk organza, complements the top and bottom and is light and airy.
Silk Velvet Salwar Suit in Fushia Pink and Beige
This women suit set has an amazing mix of fushia pink and beige, great for any festival. The top is silk velvet with resham embroidery for a more elegant and warm touch. The bottom is pure lyocell twill with a velvet border that feels soft and snug. The dupatta is gaji silk with applique embroidery, which matches the top and bottom beautifully. It comes in a full set with lining to make it comfortable to wear all through.
Raw Silk Printed and Hand Detailed Festive Salwar Suit in Wine
This suit set is a blend of ethnic and contemporary. It is perfect for any event you are attending. It comprises a wine-raw silk top with intricate hands and a comfortable bottom made out of cotton satin, along with a Chinon silk dupatta. The full set comes complete with a lining to add durability and elegance.
Zari Woven Bemberg Silk Salwar Suit with Zari Woven Monga Silk Jacquard Dupatta in Bright Rose Pink
For an elevated fashion sense, try this astonishing Bright Rose Pink Salwar Suit. The loose style of this outfit offers the comfort you need in its Zari Woven Bemberg Silk top and Modal Maslin bottom that looks classy. This Classic Set comes with lining for a perfect finish.
Woven Salwar Suit with Zari Woven Raw Silk Dupatta in Salsa Red
This Salsa Red Woven Salwar Suit is designed to make an impression. The set consists of a top made of Zari Woven Raw Silk, which has a soft Modal Maslin bottom and a beautiful Zari Woven Raw Silk Dupatta. It is fully lined for your added elegance. It’s a regular fit and the perfect go-to outfit when you want an ethnic touch.
Woven Kurta and Contrast Dupatta with Hand Work Detailing in Fog Beige
This stunning fog-beige woven kurta is the perfect piece to elevate your style with its seamless blend of elegance and flair. It speaks of luxury through its intricate handwork detailing. For formal or traditional occasions, this set can be both stylish and comfortable, given that it is worn with a contrasting dupatta.
Care and Maintenance Tips
For Prolonged Life of Your Suits: Keep up with the timeless appeal of your designer suit sets, by caring for them. You should avoid over-dry cleaning, which could destroy the fabric and internal structure. Instead, go for steamers of high quality or use a soft wash cycle with cold water and mild detergent to get rid of dirt and stains.
Cleaning and Storing Suits Properly: Preserve their integrity by having them cleaned by reputable professional cleaners. Then, hang your suits on strong wooden hangers that are appropriate for their sizes and keep them in breathable garment bags to prevent dust and moisture from affecting them. This extends their life spans as they take turns resting between wearing.
When to Seek Professional Help for Suit Maintenance?
Even after a lot of care, you may still notice signs of damage that include holes, tears, fade-outs, colour changes or smells. In such cases, you should turn to a well-known tailor or dry cleaner for help. It is also not advisable for one to attempt fixing the suit themselves unless they are able to do so properly and, in turn, retain its original shiny appearance.
Conclusion
Suit sets are a versatile and fashionable choice for ethnic wear that can make you look stunning and confident. You can choose from various suit set designs that suit your taste and occasion. If you are looking for some amazing party wear suit sets designs to try in the New Year 2024, you can check out Ganga Fashions, a trusted fashion brand. We have been serving people for over 20 years with focus on ethnic designer apparel with everyday essentials. We bring forth a blend of comfort and innovative designing.
So, why wait? Grab suit sets from Ganga Fashions that catch your eye and get rock the New Year with style and grace.
The temples of South India stand as remarkable symbols of the region’s rich cultural heritage and devotion. Characterised by their spectacular towers, vibrant sculptures, and ancient history, these temples hold a special place in the hearts of millions of people. Every part of the temples from the towering gopurams (entrance towers) adorned with intricate sculptures to the mandapas or pillared halls tell a unique story that blends mythology, history, and art.
Any list of South Indian temples is incomplete without the iconic Venkateswara Swamy temple in Tirumala. The Sri Venkateshwara Swamy temple holds a special place in the heart of every practising Hindu, especially those from Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu. On an average day, anywhere between 50,000 and 100,000 devotees throng the temple, with devotees waiting several hours and even days for Darshan. These numbers double on special occasions.
However, the temple’s significance is not limited to just that.The temple is more than eleven hundred years old, and stands as a witness to the history of the Pallavas, Cholas, the British and many more eras of the region’s history. It was visited by many prominent historical figures such as Krishnadeva Raya, the powerful King of Vijayanagara and Ramanujacharya, a respected spiritual leader and reformer during the Bhakti movement.
The temple is an excellent example of classical Dravidian architecture. While it is built mostly of granite, it also includes a vendi vakil(a silver entrance) and a bangaru vakili(a golden entrance), before getting to view the lord. The temple reminds us of its role in history with the many walls inlaid with a wealth of historical inscriptions dating to the mediaeval ages.
The hilltop temple town of Tirumala, where the temple is located is planned to the last detail for devotees’ convenience. From spacious accommodation for devotees starting from 50 rupees a day to the shady staircase route to climb the hill to the utilisation of up-to-date technology, the temple town has it all. The Venkateshwara Swamy temple is not just a temple, but an experience.
Located in the Dandak forest of Andhra Pradesh where Rama and Lakshmana were said to have come during their fourteen year exile, the Rama temple of Bhadrachalam is one of the South’s most renowned temples. According to most accounts, the temple was built by Kancherla Gopanna, a tax collector for the Golconda sultanate. The temple was built with the money collected under Jizya, a tax meant to be paid only by non-Muslims. Gopanna spent twelve years in jail while he composed songs in honour of lord Ram, after which Rama himself evidently appeared and paid a ransom of gold coins and got Gopanna out of jail. Gopanna continued to spend his life in devotion, and the temple today is regarded by millions as a symbol of his commitment to the Lord as well as the greatness of Lord Ram himself today.
The Sri Ranganathaswamy temple of Srirangam in Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu needs no introduction. The temple is dedicated to Ranganathswamy, a form of Lord Vishnu and is considered the most important of the Vaishnavites’ Divya Desams. The temple itself dates back to about the fifth century BCE, and has endured power changes, invasions and raids by Islamists to remain standing today. The deity is mentioned in a number of important religious texts, including the Ramayana itself.
The Srirangam temple complex is built in the Dravidian style and occupies an area of 155 acres, making it the world’s largest Hindu temple today. The temple complex consists of over fifty small shrines dedicated to Lady Lakshmi, saints and other avatars of Vishnu. It also includes a mandapam or hall of thousand pillars, which was built under the Vijayanagara empire, alongside other architectural marvels.
The Arulmigu Ramanathaswamy temple of Rameshwaram in Tamil Nadu is a revered Shiva temple located at the very tip of the Indian penninsula. It is one of the most important Shiva temples in India, being one of the four holy Char Dham sites, the twelve Jyotirlingas and also one of the Tevara Sthalams or 275 sacred sites for Shaivites.
The original temple was evidently built in the eleventh-twelfth century CE, but the two lingas of the temple were said to have been installed by Lord Ram(The Ramalingam) and Hanuman(the Vishwalingam) respectively. The temple, over the centuries, received patronage from many royal dynasties, including the Pandyas and Marathas.
Today, the Ramanathaswamy temple continues to be a pilgrimage site of great importance and is visited by millions of devotees every year.
The iconic Meenakshi Amman temple is located in Madurai, Tamil Nadu. Built in the twelfth century CE by the Pandyas, the Arulmigu Meenakshi Amman Thirukkovil, as it is known in Tamil, is known for its iconic colourful main gopuram, its intricate sculptures and marvellous architecture.
The temple is one of Tamil Nadu’s most revered. It is dedicated to Meenakshi, an incarnation of Shakthi, the divine female power and her consort, Sundareshwar, an incarnation of Shiva. It is an important pilgrimage site in the Shaiva or the Shiva worshippers sect.
The Meenakshi amman temple is one of the most widely photographed temples in India. Every inch of the temple is a feast to the eyes, from the colourful main gopuram carved with intricate statues to the innumerable hypnotic mandalas on the ceiling of the temple. The Meenakshi Tirukalyanam, a festival celebrating the wedding of Meenakshi and Sundareswarar, is a great time to witness the splendour of the temple.
Dharmasthala Manjunatha Temple, located in Karnataka, India, is a sacred haven devoted to Lord Manjunatha, a manifestation of Lord Shiva. Established by B. Ratnavarma Heggade in the 16th century, this temple is distinctive for its inclusive ethos, welcoming people of all backgrounds. Managed by the Heggade family, the temple offers free meals and shelter to every visitor, reflecting a commitment to hospitality and unity. The Akshaya Patra, a revered stone vessel, symbolizes perpetual abundance. The temple’s philanthropic endeavors extend to education and healthcare, contributing to community well-being. Its annual Rathotsava, a grand chariot procession, draws devotees from far and wide. Dharmasthala Manjunatha Temple transcends religious boundaries, emphasizing the universal principle that service to humanity is akin to worshipping the divine. Pilgrims and visitors alike are not only spiritually enriched but also witness a living testament to compassion, communal harmony, and the timeless values of the Heggade family.
The Virupaksha temple is one of the most important UNESCO world heritage sites in Hampi. Contrary to popular belief, this temple predates the Vijayanagara empire and has been in existence since the seventh century AD. The temple, however, grew in importance and size under the Vijayanagara dynasty.
The temple is dedicated to Lord Virupaksha, one of the forms of Lord Shiva. It is characterised by a huge, intricately carved granite gopuram, built by a local chieftain named Lakkana Dandesha under the Vijayanagara empire.
The temple is the only one standing in the Hampi complex; the rest had been destroyed by the Bahmani sultanate. However, it is still one of the most iconic symbols of Hampi and is alive and thriving- several festivals are celebrated here, one of which is the marriage ceremony of Lord Virupaksha and his consort, Pampadevi in December.
The Lepakshi Veerabhadra temple is one of the most marvellous examples of Vijayanagara architecture. Located in Lepakshi, Andhra Pradesh, it was built in the sixteenth century. It is a centrally protected monument of national importance. It is after this temple that the government Handicraft enterprise of Andhra Pradesh is named- Lepakshi handicrafts.
The temple is dedicated to Virabhadra, a fiery form of Shiva, and is famous for its profuse sculptures, marvellous architecture and beautiful frescoes. The sanctum sanctorum, especially, is a visual spectacle. Every inch of the building is covered in sculptures and frescoes illustrating the many forms of Shiva, saints and holy rivers. The frescoes are beautiful examples of Vijayanagara art- vividly coloured, intricate, yet two dimensional and portraying tales from the epics and puranas. The Lepakshi temple is a true wonder and is certainly worth a visit.
9. Adhishakthyathmaka Sri Annapurneshwari Devi Temple, Hornadu
The Annapurneshwari temple in Hornadu, Karnataka is a popular pilgrimage site across South India. It is dedicated to Annapoorna devi, the Goddess of food and an incarnation of Lady Parvathi. It dates to the mediaeval ages and is built in a fusion of Dravidian architecture and that of Karnataka.
The temple celebrates many festivals in a year, the most prominent being Akshaya Tritiya, which is believed to be the birth date of the Goddess. The festival falls in April-May, and is a great time to visit the temple.
10. Padmanabhaswamy temple, Thiruvananthapuram
The Padmanabhaswamy temple in Thiruvananthapuram is known for being one of the richest temples in the world. It is dedicated to Padmanabhaswamy, a form of lord Vishnu. It is said to have been originally built in the seventh century AD, but the famous wide main entry tower or Gopuram was built much later.
The Padmanabhaswamy temple is of great importance to all Hindus, and specifically, Vaishnavaites. It is one of the 108 Divya Desams or holy places in the Vaishnava tradition, and is mentioned in a number of Hindu religious texts like the Vishnu Puran, Matsya Puran, Brahma Puran, Bhagavata Purana and many more. It is also mentioned in Tamil Sangam literature, and has often been referred as ‘The Golden Temple’, due to its vast reserves of wealth.
The Padmanabhaswamy temple organises many festivals every year, the most popular being the Aippasi and Panguni festivals in the beginning of winter and the end of Spring. These festivals are fabulous times to witness the splendour of what is possibly the world’s richest temple.
The Ettumanoor Mahadeva temple is a very ancient Shiva temple located in Koattayam, Kerala. While it is believed that the temple as it is now was constructed in the 1500s, the temple has a long and rich history. According to legend, it has served as a host to many important figures in Hinduism, from the Pandavas to the revered Shankaracharya. The temple is built in the traditional Kerala style with Dravidian elements. The temple showcases many examples of excellent craftsmanship, including the fresco of Shiva, said to be one of the finest in India. It hosts the famous arattu festival celebrated with great pomp in February-March, which includes elephant parades.
Conclusion
The temples of South India preserve craftsmanship, culture and traditions dating centuries. They deserve to be cherished and protected not just as religious places, but also for being standing witnesses to history and changing times.
Rajasthan is undoubtedly the most royal state in India. Evenly spread across this largest state are numerous Rajput palaces, forts, grand mansions, and monuments. The state is also renowned for its picturesque colours and hues in its landscapes, costumes, cuisine, dance, and music. Its proximity to Indian capital Delhi and the Taj Mahal in Agra further enhances its appeal to foreign tourists.
The havelis of Rajasthan are hidden treasures for common travellers. My brother-in-law, Prasad, stumbled upon some photographs on Instagram that enthralled us both. We packed our bags for a road trip from Delhi NCR in our quest to explore and experience more of enchanting Rajasthan.
The Shekhawati region consists of several districts around Jhunjhunu city, which is located near the Haryana border. Modern administrative divisions can never erase the historical and cultural boundaries in our country that have developed over centuries due to ancient kingdoms, languages, cuisine, culture, climate, landscape, architecture, agriculture, or even the distinct facial features of its inhabitants. Haveli serves as a prime example of these common characteristics in the Shekhawati districts. For example, a haveli in Bikaner is markedly different from the havelis we visited in the Shekhawati region.
The name Shekhawati finds its roots in the founder, Rao Shekha, a regional chieftain of the Rajputs, who established this legacy in the 15th century. However, the magnificent havelis of the Shekhawati region came into existence only a century or two back. Encompassing the towns of Jhunjhunu, Sikar, Churu, Mandawa, Fatehpur, Navalgarh, Dundlod, and many more, this region is a treasure trove of history and architectural wonders.
The history of fresco paintings is much older than the Renaissance period of the Roman royal and religious monuments that display the finest artwork of that era. The term ‘fresco’ means ‘fresh’ in the Italian language, implying that fresh paint, made from water-based pigments, is applied to fresh plaster on walls. Hundreds of expensive havelis were built as their private residences by the marwari clan of Rajasthan, out of their personal wealth from the trading. Bhagats, Goenkas, Podars, Ladias, Birlas, Chowkanis, etc., to name a few. They were part of the supply chain management of the Silk or Spice Route that passed through Rajasthan. The discovery of sea routes to India by the Eropeans paved way for East India Company, set up in Calcutta. This eventually replaced the Spice Route trading with Sea Routes business using both east and west coasts of India to Europe, cutting off the middlemen Arabs from the supply system. This also affected the prospects of Rajasthani traders. The wealthy marwaris shifted their bases to Calcutta and Bombay in the 1900s to open their channels with their ‘new arabs’ – the firangis. Marwaris’ sourcing of spices from the southern India and Ceylon and textiles from their own Rajasthan, etc., however, did not change. The havelis that were also built within the same century were slowly abandoned. Their family trees grew tall, wide and apart in the greener pastures. Variety of reasons can be attributed for neglecting most of these ancestorial properties, that were built with passion, with purposeful design and architecture, patronising the arts and music within them, fell to the grime and dust of time.
The uniform layouts of the mansions primarily exhibit utility and funcationality for running their businesses and keeping safe the families. Security, confidentiality, safety and privacy for the woman folk, office for business transactions, terrace, watch tower, utility rooms, kitchen, living rooms, open to sky courtyards, etc. The artistic doors, walls, ceilings and brackets were part of the desires and to match the status within the clan. There were also special rooms meant for music, dance and display of collections.
The photos with individual descriptions tell the remaining tales. More juice, we hoped to get out of Rajasthan has only left us even more thirsty. Our four days of exploration fell short.
The Enigmatic Entryway (Podar Museum Haveli at Nawalgarh)
The main entrance door at the street’s edge leads you into the outer courtyard, while the second entrance door, which remains shut in this image, grants access to the inner courtyard.
Within the main door, there is a small opening, about four feet in height, intended for unknown visitors, who were expected to enter with their heads and backs bowed. In contrast, the entire door was opened to welcome known or important guests, as well as horse-drawn carts and oxen.
When an unfamiliar guest came in through the small door, he had to bend to enter. This was taken as a gesture of respect towards the haveli. This practice might have also served to reduce the risk of potential attacks, as merchants often stored their wealth within the mansion.
A Glimpse of Elegance – It is a Jewel ! (Podar Museum Haveli, Nawalgarh)
left: A Glimpse of Elegance – It is a Jewel ! (Podar Museum Haveli, Nawalgarh). Right: Sentry’s Post at the Main Entrance
The second entrance opens to a captivating inner courtyard exclusively designated for the household members and female visitors. This charming space is often referred to as the ‘female chowk’ ‘square’.
The door assembly itself is a true work of art, boasting intricate wooden carvings and meticulous paintings that adorn its surface. The arch with its floral design reflects a distinct Islamic influence, adding a touch of exotic beauty to the haveli’s ambience.
The paintings on the door are a visual feast, showcasing a rich array of Hindu deities and epic scenes. It is a mesmerizing fusion of artistic traditions, making this entrance a true jewel!
Sentry’s Post at the Main Entrance
The Sentry Post is situated to the left of the main entrance. The sentry on duty kept a watchful eye through an opening overlooking the street, ready to welcome visitors for both business and household purposes.
The “Chamber of Commerce” (Thalia Museum Haveli, Mandava)
Thalia Museum Haveli, Mandava
Thalia Museum Haveli, Mandava
Thalia Museum Haveli, Mandava
Merchants at Thalia Museum Haveli ingeniously employed attendants with speech and hearing impairments to operate rope-operated fans and serve them otherwise, leveraging the advantages to ensure secrecy of the deals.
The Enchanting Inner Courtyard (Podar Haveli Museum in Nawalgarh)
As you step through the second entrance of this haveli, a treasure trove of remarkably rich paintings and captivating artwork unfolds before your eyes in its inner courtyard. This historic haveli has been transformed into a fully-fledged museum, wherein its frescoes have been meticulously preserved and restored. Some of these havelis showcase a harmonious blend of modern themes alongside depictions of Hindu deities and epics.
Adorning the upper walls, nestled between the brackets and door frames, are a series of
captivating paintings. Zoom-in to see, one row vividly illustrating British troops from the colonial era, while the second row showcases a train, complete with coaches and a steam engine, encircling the courtyard on all sides.
Women’s Realm: The Inner Courtyard
Women’s Realm: The Inner Courtyard
Women’s Realm: The Inner Courtyard
The ground floor is a hub of utility rooms, serving various purposes like water and grain storage, grinding , kitchen, dining, washing, prayer, and family gatherings. In the context of the ‘joint family’ setup, some households even boasted two kitchens to cater to individual family units.
Additionally, please take note that the artwork on the higher floor walls has gradually faded away due to more prolonged exposure to harsh weather conditions.
Double Delight : Harmukh Rai Chowkhani Twin Havelis in Mandava
Harmukh Rai Chowkhani Twin Havelis in Mandava
Harmukh Rai Chowkhani Twin Havelis in Mandava
This astute businessman displayed remarkable wisdom and foresight when he commissioned the construction of identical twin havelis for his two sons. One of these havelis boasts meticulously restored wall paintings, while the other retains its walls with original, untouched paintings.
Treasures Above: The Upper Floor Rooms (Podar Museum Haveli, Nawalgarh)
The Upper Floor Rooms (Podar Museum Haveli, Nawalgarh)
The Upper Floor Rooms (Podar Museum Haveli, Nawalgarh)
Thalia Museum Haveli, Mandava
Every room on the upper floor is a showcase of antique collections or a demonstration of the lifestyle from that era. A diverse array of artifacts including Indian musical instruments, traditional Rajasthani turbans, Gandhi memorabilia with Khadi tools and loom, etc. offer a fascinating glimpse into the past.
There is not a blank surface… and never a dull moment 😉
Krishna Leela: Krishna’s Divine Dominion
A vivid tapestry of Hindu mythological art, which primarily depicts the captivating tales of Lord Krishna, particularly the ‘Raasa-leela’, is enchanting. Depictions of Lord Ganesha at the entrance, the revered figures of Lord Rama, Lord Shiva, and the graceful Goddess Lakshmi, all contribute to the rich and diverse pantheon of deities adored in Rajasthan.
A Contemporary Twist: The Goenka Daughter Mansion in Mandava
The Goenka Daughter Mansion in Mandava
The Goenka Daughter Mansion in Mandava
The Goenka Daughter Mansion in Mandava
This magnificent mansion, generously gifted by a father to his daughter, a Goenka, offers a unique departure from traditional themes. The fresco paintings here tell the story of European cities, such as the allure of Venice, and features Western-style costumes. While they bring a modern touch, they may not match the finesse and intricate details seen in the paintings of Indian themes.
It is worth noting that imported materials like exquisite Belgian glasses and Italian wood carvings were a common sight in several havelis, contributing to their distinctive charm and character.
Thalia Haveli: A Collector’s Paradise in Mandava
Thalia Haveli
Thalia Haveli
Thalia Haveli
Stepping into Thalia Haveli is like entering a collector’s dream, where a vast and assortment of dismembered stone and wooden structural pieces, alongside an array of captivating antiques, adorn both its interior and exterior. Among its treasures, there are postcards from pre-independence India, precious stones, gems, and other personal artifacts. These are for sale.
Doors & Windows in Women’s World
Doors & Windows in Women’s World
Doors & Windows in Women’s World
Doors & Windows in Women’s World
Within the intricate lattice of doors and windows, women found a way to let in light and fresh air while allowing themselves the discreet pleasure of peering outside, their faces concealed from the prying eyes of the street!
Fading Splendour: Poverty and Neglect
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
Street scenes around a few havelis in Mandava and Fatehpur.
A glimpse into the lives of the locals today reveals a stark contrast to the grandeur of the past, as poverty and neglect have cast a shadow over the once-magnificent havelis in all these Haveli towns. The monumental artistry that surrounds them goes largely unnoticed in their mundane lives.
Vaazhai Pazha Paniyaram (Banana Fritters) is a South Indian sweet that can be prepared with a few basic ingredients found in any kitchen. Learn to make this tasty sweet by following the recipe below.
Ingredients
Banana, ripened – 3
Wheat flour/all-purpose flour – 1 cup
Granulated sugar/brown sugar – 1/3 cup
Cardamom powder – ¼ tsp
Salt – a pinch
Oil (for deep frying)
Chopped cashews (optional)
Instructions
Peel bananas (3) and cut them into pieces.
Mash them with the help of fork to make them completely mushy.
Add 1/3 cup granulated sugar and mix it with the mashed bananas.
Then add 1 cup all-purpose flour, ¼ tsp cardamom powder, and a pinch of salt.
Make sure the batter is completely mixed well.
Add 1-2 tbsp of water (if needed) to make sure you get a thick consistency of a cake batter. If your batter becomes too thin, add some all-purpose flour to make the batter thick.
Take a small spoonful of batter and drop it gently one by one to fry the paniyaram in hot oil. Add only 4-5 paniyaram at a time while frying in hot.
Make sure you fry the paniyaram in low to medium flame because they will get burnt/undercooked on high flame. Also make sure you slowly flip them while frying so that both sides get cooked evenly and turn golden brown.
Transfer the paniyaram on to a plate lined with a paper towel to absorb oil.
The vaazhai pazha paniyaram taste best when served hot!
Welcome to the ever-evolving world of streetwear clothing , where the iconic streetwear hoodie reigns supreme. As we immerse ourselves in the vibrant streetscape of urban fashion, let’s dive headfirst into the hoodie hype and uncover the hottest trends that are setting the scene on fire right now.
1. Trendy Colors and Patterns: Express Yourself with Boldness
In the realm of streetwear hoodies, vibrant colors and captivating patterns are taking center stage. No longer confined to the realm of blacks and grays, contemporary designers are boldly splashing neon greens, pastel pinks, and everything in between onto their hoodie palettes. Camouflage prints, tie-dye explosions, and geometric wonders are making a heart-stopping comeback, infusing streetwear with an electrifying burst of energy.
2. Oversized Everything: Embrace the Swagger of Relaxed Fashion
The oversized trend continues to dominate with audacity, and hoodies are no exception. Embrace the comfort and unrivaled confidence of draping yourself in a hoodie that’s a size (or two) too big. Pair it effortlessly with slim-fit bottoms or even rock it with bike shorts for an edgy twist. This oversized hoodie silhouette is all about embracing a relaxed yet stylish attitude that sets you apart from the pack.
3. Graphic Storytelling: Wear Your Voice Loud and Clear
Graphics have always been the lifeblood of streetwear, but they’re evolving into captivating storytelling vehicles. Intricate illustrations, thought-provoking slogans, and unique perspectives are adorning hoodies, turning them into wearable canvases for self-expression. From renowned brands to independent artists, these visuals ignite conversations, spark curiosity, and make sure your style speaks volumes about who you are.
4. Tech-Infused Designs: Elevate Your Hoodie Game
The intersection of fashion and technology is giving birth to a new breed of hoodies that push boundaries beyond aesthetics. Built-in LEDs bring your hoodie to life, while conductive fabrics allow for seamless interaction with smartphones. These tech-infused designs cater to both fashion enthusiasts and tech-savvy individuals, ensuring your style is as cutting-edge as your gadgets.
5. Collaborations Galore: Catch the Hype-Wave, Grab your Exclusive Hoodie
The realm of streetwear thrives on game-changing collaborations. Brace yourself for epic partnerships between iconic streetwear labels and luxury fashion houses or unexpected fusions with tech giants. These limited-edition hoodie drops create frenzy among collectors and enthusiasts, as each piece becomes a badge of exclusivity. Stay tuned and be ready to pounce on these coveted collaborative creations!
6. Sustainable Streetwear: Fashion with a Conscience
In line with the growing sustainability movement, streetwear is stepping up its eco-game. Ethical sourcing, eco-friendly materials, and transparent manufacturing processes are becoming the norm. Discover hoodies crafted from organic cotton, recycled fabrics, or even upcycled materials, empowering you to wear your streetwear style with a true sense of environmental consciousness.
Whether you’re rocking trendy colors and patterns, embracing oversized swagger, telling your story with graphic masterpieces, staying ahead of the curve with tech-infused designs, securing those coveted limited-edition collaborations, or championing sustainability, there’s a hoodie out there to match your individuality. Be unapologetically you, experiment fearlessly with different looks, and make a bold statement with your urban wardrobe choices. Remember, you’re not just wearing a hoodie, you’re embodying the undeniable spirit of streetwear – fearless, captivating, and at the forefront of fashion innovation. Welcome to the exclusive club of streetwear trendsetters!
Bihar is one of India’s most underrated states. It has a rich history, and was the cradle of several great ancient empires- the Guptas, the Mauryas and the Magadha kingdoms. It hosted many great ancient universities like Nalanda, and has always been at the crossroads of many different cultures and civilisations.
Art styles of Bihar
With the birth of great civilisations, cultures of sophistication and artistic excellence emerge. The state of Bihar, the cradle of several of India’s mightiest empires, is no exception. The arts and crafts that have evolved over centuries and even millennia still survive in the state today. The state, though not at its finest moments in history in terms of governance, development and politics, continues to be a gold mine for every art lover.
Madhubani art is one of the most popular folk art forms from the state of Bihar. Madhubani paintings were said to have been created at the request of Lady Sita herself, who requested that her wedding to Lord Ram be documented in the form of paintings. Today, it is renowned across the world for its intricate and beautiful representations of nature and rural themes.
Sikki grass is a unique variety of grass that grows in the marshlands around Bihar and Nepal. Golden in colour, sturdy and durable, this grass is used to make a variety of useful items like baskets, storage boxes and bread serving bowls. The craft is believed to have started about half a century ago in this region, and has gained popularity over the centuries. While the grass was initially used to make objects for utility, it is now used to make decorative items and toys as well. It was awarded the GI tag of Bihar in 2007.
Manjusha art developed in the region of ancient Anga, which, today, is the Bhagalpur area of Bihar. The art has unique origins in the region and was said to have originated amidst the miraculous acts of Lord Shiva himself and the devotion of a lady named Bihula to her husband, Bisashari. The art is unique in many ways. It incorporates only pink, green and yellow, and even the outlines in the painting are drawn in green. The borders are intricately drawn and are of great importance in the art. It was granted the GI tag in 2021.
Tikuli art is a unique painting style that has its origins in Bihar about eight hundred years ago.Traditionally, intricate scenes centred on rural life are ‘drawn’ by guiding molten glass. However, today, the art is made by painting enamel designs on timber. This trend started in 1954, when Upendra Maharathi, a prominent Tikui artist, went to Bihar and brought this idea back. The ‘tikuli’ or bindi shape is an important shape used recurrently in the paintings. It is one of the most beautiful art forms of Bihar, and is in dire need of revival.
Papier mache in Bihar has been practised for centuries and possibly millennia. Here, local ingredients have been chosen and utilised in order to maximise quality and durability. Traditionally, papier mache is used to make decorative masks, but today, objects of utility are also made with the technique here. Traditionally, papier mache crafts in Bihar are made of old paper, methi(to keep pests away), multani mitti, and wheat flour paste(as an adhesive). After the desired sturdiness of the item is achieved, it is painted vividly in traditional designs. The end result is a beautiful piece of history to decorate your home.
Lacquerware in Bihar has been around for centuries. Lacquerware is employed for a variety of uses in the state, the most interesting of it being creating faux ornaments in plays and theatre. The craft is made by making a mixture of clay with lac to strengthen it and subsequently heating it to make it mouldable. It is then covered with patterns made of molten coloured lac in order to make it appealing to the eyes. Items made can range from vermillion boxes to bangles. The lac crafts of Bihar are still widely used and preserved and their future seems bright.
Patna Kalam is an offshoot of Mughal miniature paintings that developed around the state of Bihar. It integrated Mughal and Persian miniature styles with the British colonial style to create a unique art style that represented the common man during Colonial Indian times, a first for Indian art forms at the time. It saw patrons in both the Mughals and the British. Thereafter, following independence, it died out as a result of a death of interest. Today, few pieces of the art remain even in museums, but the legacy of Patna Kalam lives on.
While the fundamentals of earthen pottery and crafts are no different than elsewhere in Bihar, the earthenware of Bihar has rightfully earned its name and fame. Earthenware here has been practised for millennia here, at the focal point of the growth of many great empires. The boom of the region’s earthenware industry was under Mauryan rule, when a concerted effort was made by the state to encourage skilled craftsmen.
The craftsmen of Bihar incorporate many breathtakingly intricate designs with traditional motifs into their earthenware that ranges from basic pots to extremely intricate toys and incense dispensers. Brahmdev Ram Pandit, an earthenware craftsman from Bihar even received the Padmasree in 2013 for his extraordinary work.
Bamboo grows widely in the state of Bihar, and has been used for ages to make items of daily use and for decoration. Strips of bamboo are interwoven to create beautiful and useful baskets, chairs, lampshades and other utilitarian items.
Sujini or Sujani embroidery was a household craft which originated when mothers of the region came up with an ingenious way to utilise old clothes by embroidering them to create soft blankets for babies. This style of embroidery is practised in the Madhubani and Muzaffarpur districts of Bihar by rural women. The embroidery constitutes simple and delicate designs depicting rural life and traditional motifs. It received a GI tag in 2007.
Applique is the art of sewing together different smaller pieces of cloth to create a harmonious, single larger piece that is uniquely beautiful. The Khatwa applique work of Bihar, unique to the Northern districts of the state, employs similar techniques. What is unique about the work is the fact that the applique work is not simply some pretty cloth, but also incorporates motifs, themes and narratives on the lives of artisans and rural life in general. While this craft was historically sold only in and around Bihar, designer brands are picking up on its beauty and bringing it to the global stage. It was granted the GI tag in 2007.
Conclusion
The arts and crafts of Bihar represent the state’s rich history and artistic heritage. The arts and crafts of Bihar are more than just visually appealing; they are living expressions of rich artistic lineages surviving through millennia, and of history itself.
The winters are fascinating for a number of reasons. The nip in the air and the chill are good enough. Add to that the wonder of snow carpets and icy fogs. Or the aroma of a hot chocolate and the deliciousness of a gajar ka halwa. The winters are that time of the year where almost everyone slips into a mode of comfort and holiday. Winter destinations especially in India are thronged with tourists. And with Christmas, New Year and a long vacation from office or school, the winters are a time for travel, relaxation and spending time with loved ones.
Though 2022 wasn’t an easy ride, the year-end does give glimmer and glances of hope. Traveling or vacationing to holiday destinations has started off with of course, crowd controlling and thorough sanitization and hygiene standards. But people are slowly and steadily traveling or vacationing after a long indoor stint. And hence we bring to you the top 10 winter destinations of India. These destinations will mesmerize you with their beauty and splendidness. But there is a little more to them too. There is their culture, their people and multitude of activities that you can avail of. So let’s jump in right away and find out the best places to go to during winter in India.
It is hard to zero down on a single destination when it comes to the Paradise on Earth. Kashmir has been embroiled in a political turmoil through last year with the lifting of Article 370 and the pandemic has not made it any easier for its tourism industry. However, Kashmir is open to tourists, though one has to follow a few formalities before travel. There are many places in Kashmir that merit a visit, including Sonmarg and Gulmarg. In fact, both of these destinations are one of the most popular winter destinations of India. Sonmarg is mesmerizing with meadows, the Gadsar Lake or the Zojila Pass. Gulmarg on the other hand is well-known for its snow clad mountains. The Aparwath Peak is where all the skiing fun happens. One can ski, trek, snowboard along the white snowy slopes surrounded by the chilled breezy air. Pahalgam, Srinagar, Katra, as well as, the stunning beautiful landscapes of Ladakh are other destinations to visit or plan a trip to.
There are many hill stations and winter destinations in Uttarakhand that merit a place on this list. Auli however, gets its very own listing because it is one of the best skiing and trekking sites in India. In fact, a national championship of skiing is conducted here each year in January. The absolute beauty of Auli will quite literally take your breath away, yet there is so much more to do here. Trekking in the snowy meadows of Kwani Bugyal or Gurson Bugyal or riding the cable car which also happens to be the longest in Asia are the other attractions of Auli. Couple that with splendid views of the breathtaking peaks of the Himalayan range, including Nanda Devi, Kamet, Hathi Parvat and more.
Besides, Auli Uttarakhand has many gems to explore. Nainital with its many lakes and opulent beauty is both inviting and mesmerizing during the winters. You can watch the snow covered mountain from the Snow Point or have fun shopping around. Quite opposite to the buzz at Nainital a quiet holiday awaits at Binsar. This quaint town is surrounded by the mighty Trishul, Nanda Devi and Pachachuli and the Binsar Wildlife Sanctuary is a great way to learn about the wildlife of the area. Enjoy the snow treks at Roopkund or get awed by the beauty of Almora, Uttarakhand is a must visit destination during the winters.
4. Himachal Pradesh
Image – Max Pixel
Himachal Pradesh is a picturesque state tucked in the lap of the Himalayas. It is home to the best winter, as well as summer destinations of India. Be it Manali or Shimla, these evergreen tourists places have been attracting a whole range of travelers for long. Honeymooners, families, friends or solo travelers have always found solace in the destinations of Shimla and Manali. There are a number of adventure activities including zorbing, horse riding, paragliding, trekking etc. Enjoy ice skating in Shimla or visit the tiny villages of Kasol, Rohtang and Kullu. Soak in the culture of these hamlets or explore the Great Himalayan National Park. There is definitely a lot to do.
5. Goa
From the chillness of the Himalayas, let us divert our attention to the beaches and parties of Goa. The most happening place to be in if you enjoy socializing and partying, Goa lights up especially during the Christmas and New Year. The Goan churches, cuisine and festivals are a wonderful way to explore the culture of the state. The beaches are fraught with water adventures and sporting activities for those who like the adrenaline rush. But there is also quietude and solitude in the secluded beaches. Some of the famous beaches and tourist sites to visit in Goa during the winters and festive season include Old Goa, Anjuna Beach, Chorao Island (Salim Ali Bird Sanctuary), Dona Paula Bay etc.
6. Rajasthan
The desert and royalty of Rajasthan come alive during the winters. The best part of visiting Rajasthan during the winters is its numerous festivals and its glorious weather. Though the scorching heat can be difficult to traverse during the summers, Rajasthan can be best explored during its winters instead. Visit the cities of the Maharajas, Jodhpur, Jaipur and Udaipur. Traverse through the golden city of Jaisalmer or visit the hilly Mount Abu. And don’t forget to check out the Ranthambore National Park.
7. Rann of Kutch
The Great Rann of Kutch looks ethereal in the winters covered by the white salt carpet. But the importance of the Rann is as much about its beauty, as it is about the Rann Utsav. The cultural bonanza that the Utsav offers during the winter months from November to February sparkles the land with vivid colors, traditional crafts and arts and colorful performances. One can stay in tents to enjoy the exciting culture and beauty of the area.
8. Kerala
God’s own country cannot be too far when it comes to vacationing in the winters. The lush green destinations of Munnar or Thekkady are as wonderful as the backwater destinations of Alleppey or Kozhikode. You can enjoy the hills and surrounding splendor of Munnar or wonder at its excellent biodiversity at the Silent Valley National Park and Periyar National Park. The beaches at Kovalam and Vagamon are wonderful for various water sporting and of course, a ride on a houseboat just seals the deal.
The Seven Sister States of India are one of the most glorious and breathtaking destinations of the country. The list is too long as each state has an array of places that can wow you for sure. However, Meghalaya’s capital, Shillong is sublime. Fraught with amazing natural beauty, forests and lakes the city is also rich in its culture and heritage. The Laitlum Canyons, Umaim Lake or Elephant Falls will definitely leave you wanting for more. Visit the cleanest village of Asia Maylnnong or enjoying trekking or even angling, Shillong is packed with adventure, action and wonderful weather.
10. The others in North East
North East India is fraught with magnificent destinations. Whether it is Kohima with its Hornbill Festival in December or Tawang in Arunachal with its adorable monasteries. Be it the mesmerizing towns such as Nagaon, Satras, Cherrapunji, Champai, Aizwal or Roing and many more or the majestic natural highlights of the region, the north east is undoubtedly one of the most splendid destinations. However, its main attraction lies in its deep culture and traditions. The tribal cultures, traditions, unique cuisines and languages make the north east one of the best winter destinations of India.
The winters in India are varied across regions. The northern areas along the Himalayas witness low temperatures and also snow covers, the southern areas, such as many parts of Tamil Nadu have very mild winters along with rainfall. Thus, you can choose your winter destination depending on the severity of weather that comforts your taste and style of holidaying. Some enjoy the chillness and snow, whereas, others prefer a pleasant winter. However, in any case, no matter where you go, every winter destination has its own charm. Intermingled with the culture of the region and its people, the winter destinations of India are a delight to the eyes, mind and soul.
If you are planning to spend your summer vacation in Jeddah, then this is a great choice! There is a lot of fun and excitement waiting for you to explore, plus there are luxurious and beautiful hotels in Jeddah that guarantee you a comfortable and enjoyable hotel stay at the same time. So that you can enjoy your holidays with your loved ones, family, and friends.
So, if you have decided on the start date of your trip and are still looking for a wonderful accommodation that will give you luxury and comfort during your stay in the wonderful city of Jeddah.
Today we will inform you about five star hotels in Jeddah, which offer a list of beautiful and amazing hotels that will help you in the booking process of hotels in Jeddah.
Apart from the fact that all these accommodations are close to Jeddah’s popular attractions. Like the Fountain of King Fahd, Jeddah Corniche, and others.
Check them carefully, select the hotel of your choice, and book any hotel instantly to start an unforgettable summer vacation.
Luxurious Hotels in Jeddah
Jeddah, a vibrant city on Saudi Arabia’s Red Sea coast, seamlessly blends ancient charm with modern elegance. Its historic districts, vibrant souks, and coastal beauty make it a captivating destination.
If you are planning to spend your vacation close to the beach to enjoy the view of this clear turquoise sea, then the Mövenpick Al Nooras Resort in Jeddah awaits you for an unforgettable beach vacation! Located on Corniche Road, this charming property offers stunning sea views from your room balcony.
It is also beautifully decorated. Located on an island in the Red Sea, this exclusive property is rated 5 stars and is very popular among Jeddah’s tourist attractions. The most popular attractions near the hotel are King Fahd Fountain, which is 9 km away; Jeddah Corniche, which is about 10 km away; and Nasif House, which is about 14 km from the hotel. A wonderful hotel with a pleasant and relaxing atmosphere.
2. Rosewood Jeddah Hotel
This wonderful hotel is truly a symbol of luxury and sophistication! It is the ideal place for a perfect hotel stay. This charming property has a 5-star rating and is located on Corniche Road, providing you with charming views of the sea.
In addition to the entertainment facilities that make you spend the most enjoyable times with your loved ones, the hotel rooms are spacious, elegant, quiet in design, and fully equipped for guests’ comfort.
Enjoy an unparalleled hotel experience during your vacation in Jeddah, and book your room at the Rosewood Hotel for a vacation that remains stuck in your memories.
3. The Ritz-Carlton Hotel
One of the best places to stay in Jeddah! a dazzling hotel that catches the eye as soon as it sees it due to its luxurious and elegant classic designs, exactly like royal palaces.
If you wish to stay in a royal place like this, book a room or a personal suite to make your dream come true and get an exceptional hotel stay that you have never experienced before! One of the things that makes this accommodation even more special is its location near the sea, so you can enjoy stunning beach views from your room.
Among the attractions near the hotel are Jeddah Corniche, which is 1.7 km away; King Fahad Fountain, which is 1.2 km away; and Nassif House, which is 6 km from this property.
And other large shopping centres to shop with your loved ones to buy the gifts and collectables you desire.
4. Narcissus Al Hamra Hotel
A hotel that far exceeds your expectations! Gorgeous in every sense of the word. Narcissus Al Hamra Hotel has a 5-star rating and is one of the best accommodations in Jeddah that you will ever want to stay in, due to its beautiful, luxurious designs and a charming, relaxing atmosphere that makes you feel calm, and this is what is required during the holiday.
When you want to have some fun, you will find the wonderful outdoor swimming pool, in addition to the fitness centres to practise your sports activities.
As for the places near the hotel for walking and visiting, they are many and wonderful, including: King Fahd’s Fountain, Jeddah Corniche, Nassif House, and the Al-Tayebat City Museum for International Civilizations, in addition to Jeddah Mall if you are planning to go on a shopping tour to buy gifts for those you love.
Final thought
Embark on a luxurious journey in Jeddah, where ancient charm meets modern elegance. These top-tier hotels offer not just accommodation but an experience, according to Mövenpick Resort Al Nawras’ scenic island retreat to the Rosewood Jeddah Hotel’s sophisticated allure, the Ritz-Carlton’s royal splendour, and the Narcissus Al Hamra Hotel’s unmatched luxury. Elevate your stay for an unforgettable vacation.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
Q: What distinguishes Mövenpick Resort Al Nawras in Jeddah?
A: Mövenpick offers a five star beachfront experience with stunning Red Sea views and proximity to popular attractions.
Q: Why choose the Rosewood Jeddah Hotel for your stay?
A: Rosewood Jeddah is a symbol of luxury and sophistication, providing spacious, elegant rooms with charming sea views on Corniche Road.
Q: What makes the Ritz-Carlton Hotel in Jeddah stand out?
A: The Ritz-Carlton is a dazzling, luxurious hotel near the sea with elegant classic designs, offering a royal-like experience and stunning beach views.
Did you know that the word ‘Lepakshi’ means painted or embalmed eye? A famous temple commonly called by this name is at a village, 15 km from Hindupur in Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh in south India. The other significance of this place is also that it is believed that in Ramayana, the great Indian epic, the bird Jatayu trying to save Devi Sita from being carried away, was wounded by Ravana and fell here. When Lord Rama found him he said – ‘’le pakshi’’ which means arise oh bird in Telugu. The temple in question at Lepakshi, is the Veeradhadra temple complex, an excellent example of Vijayanagara art, of an illustrious ruling dynasty of south India. The main centres to study, reflect upon and admire their art and architecture are at Hampi, Lepakshi, Tadipatri, Melkote, Kolar, Bellary, Chikballapur and Chamarajnagar. The area of Lepakshi is part of the Mysore plateau and is flat, made up of granite rocks. The rocks are seen in clusters and the area is surrounded by hills. This area was under the Mauryas in 3rd century B.C., later on the Satavahanas, then the Chutu kings…. on to Chalukyas of Badami, Rashtrakutas, Chalukyas of Kalyani and by the end of the 13th century when the Delhi Sultanate tried to control the whole of Deccan, they appointed two brothers Harihara and Bukka, sons of Sangama to control the political situation at Kampile. However, they declared their independence and founded Vijayanagara, a new city on the southern bank of Tungabhadra opposite Anegondi. They brought many adjoining areas under their territory. They made a fort at Penukonda and made it their second capital. Lepakshi bacame part of their empire. The art and architecture of a powerful empire in south Indian history is well lauded since the style resonates with beauty and freshness. There are some gigantic sculptures inside the temple complexes which include mandapas (halls) with pillars which are richly carved. Themes from the epics and Puranic stories are depicted. Musicians, dancers. flora, fauna, contemporary society have been carved or painted.
The Lepakshi temple is synonymous with the Veeabhadra temple complex. The temple is situated on a Kurma-saila (resembling a tortoise back). The temples are the Papanaseswara and Raghunatha shrines. It is unclear about when this complex was started. The brothers Virupanna and Viranna took keen interest under ruler Achyutaraya to develop the edifice into an outstanding example of Vijayanagara art. The temple complex was developed over a period of time (1100 A.D to 1800 A.D) and made of granite. The structures are at three levels of the hillock, each one having an enclosure or prakara. The Papanaseswara shrine is the earliest one in the complex. Initially there were two shrines Veerabhadra and Papanaseswara, sharing a common platform with a mandapa around it. The Raghunatha shrine was added later was added to the western side of the prakara. The Veerabhadra shrine has its entrance to the north; the inner prakara in 432 square metres, mainly developed 1350 to 1600 A.D; several shrines and mandapas were added.
The temple complex is an amazing planet of sculptures. The high relief sculptures are large and mostly depict Gods and Goddesses and the pillars of the mandapas. The low relief sculptures are done on walls, door frames and smaller compartments; demi gods, fauna, flora among others.
Lord Shiva in different forms like Sadashiva, Dakshinamurti, Nataraja, Bhiksatanamurti, Kalyanasundaramurti, Devisahitamurti, Bhairava, Gajantakamurti, Andhakasura samharamurti, Veerabhadra is depicted in different places like pillars. Lord Vishnu has been depicted as Narasimha, Kondandarama, Vamana, Kurma and Sri Krishna as Kaliyamardana and Balakrishna. Lord Hanuman has been carved at many places. Garuda is found at different points, Goddess Lakhsmi, as Gajalakhsmi is also seen. Lord Brahma, Dattatreya, Surya, Chandra, Indra, Agni, Yama, Varuna, Vayu, Kubera, Ishana, dikpalas. Goddess Saraswati, the saptamatrikas have all been depicted. Among the demi-gods, the ganas, rishis,pitris,dwarapalas,apsaras,gandharvas,kinnaras,nagas have been carved. In addition devotees, ascetics, warriors, musicians and acharyas (teachers) too find a place in the temple carvings. Also common people like shepherds, priests, wrestlers, potters et al. Some stories from the Puranas have been carved as well. The decorative motifs include geometric designs, kalasa,chakra,conch,shivalinga and nandi. The bull at some distance is an amazing monolithic sculpture, Basavanna.
Besides being a sculptural marvel, the temple complex is well known for its murals which cover the ceilings of the mahamandapa and various shrines, illustrating a range of themes from mythology and courtly life. These include scenes from the Ramayana and Mahabharata, as well as the Puranas. The subject of the paintings is thus diverse and depict scenes from the epics and legendary stories.
During the heydays of the temple the paintings were there in many places like the entire ceiling of the structure and walls of main shrines. After the fall of Vijayanagara Empire they got neglected and did not receive any attention. Many of the paintings were affected by the ravages of time and nature. At present, the natya-mandapa including beams and cross bars, the ceiling of the outer verandah around the inner enclosure, the entire mahamandapa, the walls of the Veerabhadra and Ramalingeswara shrines, the mukha mandapa or Raghunatha shrine have the paintings. Some are however severly damaged. The temple has been under the Archaeological Survey of India and there have been restoration efforts since 1976 which has helped to an extent to preserve this amazing treasure for posterity.
Technique of making the paintings
The Lepakshi murals were made by using the method of fresco secco. The surfaces were first plastered with clay from riverbeds, red ochre and lime powder mixed with liquid molasses. The plastered area was then sketched upon with the mythological and other scenes using red ochre, which were later coloured and polished with fine black outlines. Most figures are depicted with sharp features and look strongly projected. The colours used are red, black, green, yellow-ochre, hues of white and grey, and some blue-green.
Paintings document history
Parvati’s toilette before her wedding, with her companions – Wikimedia
The Lepakshi murals document the social and religious life of the period, depicting a variety of occupations. People are shown in different costumes, jewellery, and headgear. The murals serve as an important source of information on Vijayanagara art and culture with different styles of dress, jewellery and sari drapery, including floral, striped, and checked textile designs. There is mural in the natyamandapa which depicts a group of men engaged in worship, dressed in white tunics with tall conical caps. These items of clothing show Persianate influence, which reflects a composite culture during the period.
The murals have been painted as long panels that are in sync with the columnsof the temple’s mandapas and corridors. Let us see some murals or parts of them since some form a series or depicting a story.
Wedding of Lord Shiva – WikimediaArjuna wins the hand of Draupadi – WikimediaVirapanna’s retinue, including Virupanna and Viranna – WikimediaHunting Scene from the Kirata story – WikimediaLord Shiva as Bhairava, Veerabhadra temple, Lepakshi, Andhra Pradesh – WikimediaLord Shiva and Parvati playing dice – WikimediaTwo saints in discussion with a king – WikimediaAspect of Lord Shiva – WikimediaLord Shiva as Sadashiva – Wikimedia
Thus we see an amazing heritage site full of sculptures and murals which depict not just aspects of HIndu mythology but reflect a society and culture of a time gone by its very illustrative and detailed paintings.
References:
Lepakshi temple: a cultural and archeological study/Rao, D. Hanumantha,Delhi : Bharatiya Kala Prakashan,2004.
