The Ganjifa Cards: Lost Art of the Mysore Royalty Getting Revived

By

-

December 3, 2020

Ganjifa is an ancient Indian card game that was played among the post-Medieval kings and nobilities and was especially popularized during the Mughal period. The Ganjifa cards of Mysore have served as sources of artistic expressions. The kings were patrons of the artisans, and thus, the card game could flourish all across the country.

Origin of the Ganjifa Card Game

The original Indian card game known as Kreeda Patra was a popular royal amusement. However, with Persian and Arabic influences during the Mughal era, the Kreeda Patra cards of ancient India came to be known as Ganjifa cards. The word Ganjifa is derived from the Persian word ‘Ganj’, which refers to money and treasures. It was a common, leisurely practice for the aristocrats to involve stakes in the game.

The Ganjifa Cards — Image – Varna Nagari

The cards were primarily circular in shape, although rectangular ones have also been found. Other than the handmade papers which were recently discovered during the Mughal era, Ganjifa was designed on sandalwood and ivory pieces, etched with colours of silver and gold.

We Recommend…

Ganjifa Playing Cards by Potli (Athrangi Set of 96 Cards)- Multi Color

The Mughal Ganjifa cards had paintings of acrobats, warriors, hunters, musicians, animals and birds. The colour and iconography changed as it spread to other regions and the themes were usually devotional. Each region developed its own version of the game. Some of the significant styles include the Sawantwadi Ganjifa from Maharashtra, Navadurga Ganjifa from Orissa, Kashmir Ganjifa and the Mysore Ganjifa which was greatly patronised by the Mysore royal family during their reign.

We explore the secluded world of the Mysore Ganjifa cards which has remained aloof from the mainstream.

Historical Significance of the Ganjifa Card Game

The rise of the Mysore ‘Chada’ Ganjifa cards was brought about in the 19th century, under the rule of the then Maharaja of Mysore, Mummadi Krishnaraja Wadiyar III (1794-1868). The king had helped form the particular niche of Ganjifa to develop and propagate its art and game. He was the primary patron to help devise multiple variations for board and card games. The artists in his court designed the games under the king’s guidance.

The book titled ‘Sritattvanidhi’ is the monumental work of Maharaja Wadiyar III. The names of the card games devised by the Maharaja are mentioned in the last chapter, named ‘Kouthuka Nidhi’. The details, like the number of cards used, significance of each style of iconography, and colour combinations, and the corresponding ‘shlokas’, are all collected and organised.

Krishnaraja Wadiyar had formulated thirteen complex card games which required 36 to 60 numbers of cards. The themes of the art spanned across mythology, astronomy, astrology and the Puranas. Wadiyar incorporated themes inspired from Dashavatara, Navagraha, Pancha Pandava, Saamrajya and Naveena Ramayanam.

Ganjifa Cards in the modern age

The-Ganjifa-Cards-in-modern-age — Image Courtesy – Prathama Srsti

Artist Sudha Venkatesh of Mysore is a diligent follower of the traditional methods of creating and practicing the Ganjifa art form. Her father Ramnarasaiah, an artist and curator at the Mysore Palace, introduced her to the impeccable intricacies of the detailed art of Ganjifa. Venkatesh is of the opinion that the original Mysore style never made use of leather as a canvas for painting the deities. During the days of King Wadiyar, the artisans used stiff paper boards, which were prepared by pasting together sheets of paper with glue.

Renowned artisan and pioneer of Ganjifa, Shri Raghupathi Bhatta was inspired by the original Ganjifa cards of Mysore which were around 200 years old. He was fascinated by these ancient cards had survived through the years and retained their beauty. He began working on them in the early 1980s and developed his unique style of painting. Raghupathi Bhatta is an avid practitioner of the spiritual discipline of painting laid down in the Chitra Sutra of the Vishnudharmottara Purana. In this practice, the painter endeavours to meditate on the subject of their painting until they are able to shape its form and colour. Thereby, the painter showcases their art in its fullest potential.

We Recommend…

Handmade Ganjifa Playing Cards by Potli (Dashavatar Set of 120 cards)

Ganjifa Cards: the Making

Tourists and art enthusiasts, who purchase the cards as craft objects, cherish their aesthetic value. All Mysore Ganjifa paintings are painted with natural dyes and the fine, delicate details are etched with squirrel hair brushes. The Ganjifa artists grind and mix all colours by hand. The colours are derived from organic sources to produce the vegetable dyes, and thus, are rich in natural minerals.

Attempts to Revive the Ganjifa Card Game

In the recent years of more modern artistry, the name Ganjifa has lost its familiarity among the masses. However, due to the use of the traditional technique of hand-painting and the rich intricate details which embellish the cards, there have been initiatives to revive the art. Several artists and organisations alike have taken steps to revamp the art form. Bengaluru’s Karnataka Chitrakala Parishath is one such significant organisation. It has recently released a hard-bound book with almost 200-pages titled ‘Splendours of Ganjifa Art’. The book contains twelve detailed chapters of the history and traditional artistry of the Ganjifa art style, written by renowned Ganjifa artists, scholars and historians.

Ganjifa Shri Raghupathi Bhatta – Courtesy TheBetterIndia

Ganjifa Shri Raghupati, born in Udupi district of Karnataka, settled in Mysore once he began his work of reviving the dying art form of Ganjifa. Today, he works on traditional paintings based on the Ramayana, Mahabharata and the Upanishads. Most of his paintings today are specific works on the ancient Hindu scriptures.

Artist Subramanya Raju of the Chitragaar family from Mysore is another significant name who helped revive the Mysore school of paintings. He started a class in the Parishath in the genre in 1971.

What the future holds

The complexity of the game and the dominance of western printed 52-leaf playing cards later numbed the art, craft and the game. It would become easier to propagate if the general people and patrons of art gave more preference to originality, bought and used local art forms like the Ganjifa. Enthusiastic patrons who believe in this cause and have the conviction to support humble and talented local artists should step up their game.

Also Read – Ganjifa – A Royal Deck of Artestic Cards (Sawantwadi)

Simple Lifestyle Changes that Result in Good Health

By

Caleidoscope

-

December 1, 2020

1

Author: Evelyn

What is a lifestyle really? The way we live, our habits, our routine, our behaviors? While most people improve their way of living in different ways, many think of lifestyle in terms of health. When you take health into account, your lifestyle habits affect it more than your genes. Living in a world where everything is a race, i.e., career, education, marriage, kids, etc., giving attention to our lifestyle can be a little tricky. While it doesn’t have to be a huge affair, it does need some effort and mindfulness on our part. Nothing more accurate than the quote “Health is wealth” has ever been said.

Our habits can make or break us. We need to consciously choose and inculcate specific changes and practices to live a healthy, meaningful life. When the novel Coronavirus hit the world, the vitality of good health started surfacing on everyone’s mind. Being healthy doesn’t need to be a big production; it is always in our lifestyle. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle is the only way to ensure a healthy body and mind. While exercising is the most definitive part of a healthy lifestyle, there are other changes and improvements we can incorporate into our routine. Here are 10 lifestyle changes we can integrate into our lives, easily –

Drink Water

Ask any health enthusiast, and the first thing they’ll recommend is drinking water. Hydration has proven benefits on our body and mind. Our body is made of 60 percent water. Hydrating will promote body functions like regulating body temperature, digestion, etc. It also aids in metabolism.

While the margin is 8 glasses of water, you don’t have to start gulping a lot of water on the first day itself. Start by finishing a bottle of water every day and slowly make your way up to 2 liters or 8 glasses of water every day. The best way to keep track of your water consumption? Keep a water bottle by your side, if that’s insulated, then you have the option to store a hot or cold beverage that you can sip on! A flask or insulated water bottle works wonders for your coffee, tea, fresh fruit juice and even your protein drinks. Choose a flask that’s trendy and functional, one like Vaya Drynk, and you will need no more water reminders, this stunning water bottle does the trick!

Take Regular Walks and Move More

Walks can be incredibly refreshing and energizing. A 20 minutes’ walk can do you a world of good. You don’t need a gym or run a marathon to stay fit; a few minutes of the brisk walk does a good enough job of keeping you healthy. A walk has a positive impact on your metabolism, reproductive system, and system function.

If you spend a lot of time at your desk, then make sure you are taking regular walking breaks. A 5-10 minutes stroll in the fresh air will make a huge difference, and your productivity will increase too! You can also set your alarm clock 10 minutes early to do some stretches. Take the stairs instead of elevators. Go for that evening Zumba class you’ve been eyeing for a while. While these things are just tiny changes in your life, they bring a significant impact on your health.

A rich-fiber breakfast

As they say, breakfast makes all the difference to your day and health. Your day’s first meal is breakfast, and it needs to be filling as well as healthy to keep you going till lunchtime. Always select something rich in nutrients and especially fibers.

Bakasana Yoga – Facts & Benefits You Need To Know

By

Sherline Modak

-

December 1, 2020

0

Bakasana-Facts-&-Benefits — Image by Yanalya – www.freepik.com

Yoga is a spiritual venture that employs the full dedication of your body, mind, and soul. Originating in Ancient India, it has now gained momentum all around the world. Many different forms have emerged since, and some extremely helpful poses have come to the forefront. The Bakasana Pose of Yoga is one of them!

The Bakasana pose of Yoga is also known as the Crane Pose or the Frog Stand. It is often the first arm balance pose that yoga students have to master. The key to incorporating effortless formation is finding the center of gravity of one’s body. Although it seems that the pose is all about arm strength, equal distribution of weight is essential.

Steps that lead to the Bakasana Pose

https://youtu.be/k3DsjAV4X8Q

To form the Bakasana pose properly, the practitioner needs to follow the steps:

Begin in a squatting position or the Malasana. Stretch your arms forward and place your palms on the ground.
Bend the arms as if you would during a Low Plank (Chaturanga).
Bring the knees on your outer upper arms and lift on your body on the tips of your toes.
Bring your elbows wide so that you can place your knees up high on your upper arms.
Lean towards your fingers and point your toes. Create resistance with your fingertips.
Hollow the body by pulling the ribs in and rounding the back.
Squeeze the elbows and the knees in.
Before coming into the pose, shift your body weight further forward onto your arms.
Now, you will be able to feel the flow of strength across the upper arms.
Lift the head forward.
Hold the position until your feet get light. You should lift the feet one at a time. It’s very important to engage your toes.
Pull the ribs further in and suck in the belly.
Squeeze your knees and upper arms against each other.
Once you bring your toes to touch, you can eventually straighten your arms.

The fear of falling over is one of the biggest obstacles that practitioners have to face during their first time. To overcome that fear, there’s a slightly different way to enter Bakasana in Yoga:

Put a blanket or pillow at the front of your mat.
Come into Malasana and place your head on your cushioning first. Since the head is on the ground already, there is no risk of falling over.
Lift the buttocks and step your feet further in.
Engage your feet and bring your knees onto your upper arms.
Lift one leg after the other and maintain the balance in this position.
The forearms should be vertical here. Otherwise, you will not be able to balance this pose.
From here, shift your body weight backwards so that you can slowly lift your head.
Engage the toes
Now, follow the steps from 11 to 13, as mentioned above.

What happens to the body during Bakasana pose of Yoga

For practicing any pose for yoga, such as the Bakasana, it is important to know what it does to your body, what muscles and which joints are affected when one goes into a certain posture. It is also essential in understanding proper alignment of the body during yoga practice.
The Bakasana pose is regarded as an arm-support pose that enhances symmetry of the body and balance. Here, the different parts of the spine perform different actions. While the cervical spine is extended, the thoracic and lumbar spine are flexed.

Along with the flexion of the thoracic spine, there also occurs the abduction of the scapulae and the extension of the cervical spine simultaneously. This consequence during the formation of the Crow posture requires precision and strength in the spinal muscles. The knees initially widen to come into the pose. However, the final action of the legs is adduction in order to squeeze the knees into the upper arms or shoulders.

Common Mistakes during Bakasana

The elbows should be kept in line with the shoulders and wrists once the Bakasana is formed. This is in order to keep the elbows from splaying and avoid injury. You can prevent this by planting your fingertips strongly on the ground and making sure your elbows are over your wrists. Ensure that the legs do not rest completely on the arms, and instead, the knees should be kept as high as possible. You should use the core muscles to hold the legs up and not just rely on your hips.
An imperative to make sure that you don’t lose balance and tip forwards is to ensure that your head is lifted upwards. Regular practice in a steady manner is important to master the pose.

Benefits of the Bakasana Pose

Bakasana is a yoga pose that strengthens the shoulders, the upper arms, the forearms and the wrists. In addition to that, it also tones the core muscles.
Bakasana is a great yoga pose to mobilize and stretch the upper back and the groins. It also increases the flexibility and elasticity of the spine and helps you improve your balance and full-body coordination.

Stretches the buttocks (gluteals), front of thighs (quadriceps), and the palm side of the wrist (wrist flexors).
Strengthens the core, upper back, chest, front of the hips (hip flexors), back of thighs (hamstrings), arms, shoulders, forearms, and back of wrists (wrist extensors).

In terms of spiritual benefits, Bakasana leads to:

Relief from depression and stress
Ensured focus and concentration
Increase in confidence, introspection and self-awareness
A calm, collected mind ready for meditation
Stimulation of various chakras, like the solar plexus, third eye, crown, etc.

Cautions of the Bakasana

You can avoid or modify if you have wrist arthritis, wrist pain, or carpal tunnel.
Try to avoid or modify if you have any back pain or injuries, including surgeries, osteoporosis, disc bulging or herniation, or arthritis.
Avoid if you have a hip replacement or facing hip pain while in the pose.
Caution for shoulder pain or injury
Avoid if you are pregnant, particularly in the 2nd and 3rd trimester.

Ways to Adapt and Modify

If Bakasana seems too difficult to master for a beginner, there are several options to facilitate access to this asana:
When you feel your abdominal muscles become tired, rest your shins on your upper arms by bending the elbows deeper and out to the side so that you can rest your body weight on the arms.
If you start with your hips a little higher, it becomes easier to use gravity to move forward into your arms.
You can put a pillow or a blanket in front of you if the fear of falling over is restraining. These methods are necessary only until you get used to the technique.
If you have difficulties lifting both feet, start with raising one foot only and keep the big toe of the other foot on the floor. This tip will help you build strength and understand the right technique.
The shape of this asana can be first practised on the back in the Happy Baby pose (Ananda Balasana). This pose is a great way to warm up your back and hips and help them release.

Arm-balancing is challenging at first but will become accessible when one has figured out what to pay attention to in alignment. Hence, understanding the core principles of correct yoga alignment is the key to mastering challenging asanas. With consistent practice and patience, one will gain the physical and mental strength that is required to lift the feet off the ground. Engaging in dedicated practice ensures that one will gain the experience required to overcome the difficulty of Bakasana or the Crow pose.

Best Art Fairs In India – Hubs of Creativity and Cultural Diversity

By

Sherline Modak

-

November 30, 2020

0

India’s artistic aspect has a lot to show in terms of diversity and originality. The cultural background of the country is so rich that the artist keeps evolving, nurturing, and celebrating their expression through art. Every person involved helps in shaping the identity of the society through their art and craft. Art Fairs in India are some of the most beautiful and creative experiences for anyone interested in art and culture. They house many talented individuals and give a platform for creativity to shine.

Today, we explore some of the most vibrant and prestigious fairs and festivals that enrich India’s artistic sensibility as well as give a voice to thousands of artists.

Indian Art Fair

The Indian Art Fair is considered as a leading art fair in all of South Asia and focuses on contemporary and modern art styles. It was opened in 2008 to showcase diverse artistic genius, and now, the festival has risen to a level of international reputation. Regional and foreign artists alike use this tourism-oriented festival as a platform for their work. Curators, collectors of art, and enthusiastic learners from all over the world flock to be a part of the Indian Art Fair.

Where: New Delhi
When: January – February
Famous for: Contemporary art

Ajanta-Ellora International Festival

The Ajanta-Ellora Cultural and Art Festival is organized at Soneri Mahal and celebrates the history that is imbibed in the enriching city of Aurangabad. Folk dance performances, Indian classical music, handicraft and other exhibits put on sale, and various culinary delights comprise the alluring festival which earlier used to be held at the UNESCO world heritage site of the ancient caves of Ellora and Ajanta. The festival provides a platform for Indian artists and performers and ensures their promotion.

Where: Aurangabad
When: January
Famous for: Performing Arts

International Film Festival of India

The renowned International Film Festival of India was first organized in Goa in the year 1952. Since then, it has provided a common platform to film-makers and actors to showcase their skills as well as interact with like-minded people from the same field. The IFFI showcases works of cinematic genius from all over the world and also gives a great exposure to young, talented artists- many of whom are regional. The contributions of notable personalities from the world of cinema are also acknowledged in this festival. It is a great learning ground for those keen to pursue their career in cinema and its art and craft.

Where: Goa
When: November
Famous for: Films and Performing Arts

Delhi International Arts Festival

Since December 2007, the Delhi International Arts Festival is held annually in various venues of the capital and lasts from ten to twenty days. It is the first event which was organized by the collaboration of the government, non-governmental agencies, corporate and civil societies. The festival draws in artists, writers, art students, art enthusiasts, and experts from around the world. Presenting the rich heritage of Indian arts and culture, the festival holds exhibitions, literature events, workshops, folk music performances, visual arts, classical dance and music performances of both Indian and western origin and the extraordinary Sufi festivals.

Where: Delhi
When: December
Famous for: Performing Arts

Bengaluru International Arts Festival

The Bengaluru International Arts Festival was organized because of the initiative of Artists’ Introspective Movement (AIM). The program not only promotes local artists but also donates a generous amount from their fund to Arogyadhara, a welfare fund for artists. The festival is a cornucopia hosting an array of various forms of art representing different cultures. Comedy skits, folk and classical music, brilliant contemporary dance performances by Indian and foreign troupes, wonderful theatrical and other performance arts.

Where: Bengaluru
When: October
Famous for: Performing Arts

Kala Ghoda Arts Festival

To preserve and promote the culture of South Mumbai, the Kala Ghoda Association organized the Kala Ghoda Arts Festival for the first time in 1999. The nine days long event is held in the historical Kala Ghoda District of southern Mumbai. The festival puts to display an amalgamation of Indian art forms, including theatre and concerts, street plays, contemporary art installations, literature fests and exhibitions upholding the heritage of Mumbai architecture. It takes the notion of art fairs in India to new levels.

Where: Mumbai
When: February
Famous for: Fine & Performing Arts

Taj Mahotsav

The Taj Mahotsav is a vibrant annual festival that goes on for ten days. It showcases the diverse colors and values that the Indian art is resplendent with. Since its inception in 1992, the Taj Mahotsav attracts innumerable tourists and art enthusiasts every year. The festival displays its wonderful hoard of art and craft, and offers a variety of dance performances. Visitors can eat delicious regional dishes as well! The pottery art of Khurja, the figurines from Tamil Nadu, and the Kantha stitch embroidery from West Bengal are a few of the gorgeous examples of craftwork that are showcased. The Taj Mahotsav is sought after by over three-hundred artisans to display their works.

Where: Taj Mahal, Agra
When: February
Famous for: Fine & Performing Arts

Surajkund Crafts Mela

The Surajkund Crafts Mela first began in 1987. Today, it is organized by the collaboration of the Haryana Government and the Surajkund Mela Authority. The festival is held on a grand scale with over one thousand working huts showcasing local and international crafts. One state of India is chosen every year to present its original works and exhibits, which represent the state’s own culture. These include regional dance and acrobatic performances, handicrafts and artefacts, theatre workshops, clothing and cuisine. Thus, with each year, a new aspect of diverse India is witnessed, and visitors are enthralled by the refreshing energy of variety.

Where: Surajkund, Faridabad
When: February
Famous for: Fine & Performing Arts

Goa Carnival

A celebration of joy that continues for three days, the Goa Carnival is a brilliant example that embodies the spirit of celebration unique to India. Beginning two days after Easter, it puts on display the energy and enthusiasm that paint the state’s culture. The carnival boasts of grand masquerades, flamboyant costumes, lilting musical parades, exquisite street plays, and dance performances rich with characteristics of the region.

Where: Panjim, Goa
When: February
Famous for: Fine & Performing Arts

Jaipur Literature Festival

At the Jaipur Literature Festival, wonderful writers and thinkers come together to exchange ideas, and engage in meaningful conversations. This annual festival is a haven for readers, students, literature enthusiasts, intellectuals, and philosophers. Significant authors launch their books during this event. They hold book readings and discussions to enrich the knowledge of the listeners through philosophy and art. Graceful performances of Indian classical music and folk dances adorn the atmosphere of this enriching festival. Undoubtedly, it is one of the largest art fairs in India.

Where: Jaipur, Rajasthan
When: February
Famous for: Literature & Performing Arts

Rajasthan International Folk Festival

Against the gorgeous, golden sand dunes of the Thar Desert, the Rajasthan International Folk Festival delivers an unprecedented presentation of folk music and art. It showcases the rich heritage of India’s rustic musical flavors and exciting art forms to an international audience as well. Several enhancing workshops are organized during the morning hours to provide detailed knowledge to the visitors and guests. There are also exhibitions of Indian musical instruments.

Where: Jodhpur, Rajasthan
When: October
Famous for: Folk Performing Arts

Cartist Automobile Art Festival and Yatra

The CARTIST organization of Jaipur brings into fusion automobile and art. It promotes young artists and the concept of exhibiting art in the well-exposed and mobile canvas of vehicles. It is a festival that celebrates the charms and innovation of the modern, young artist. Cars, trucks and other automobiles are brought to life with quirky colors, graphics, Indian motifs and psychedelic patterns. CARTIST Yatras are also organized, which are a mobile exhibition of vehicles painted with enticing brush strokes. The Yatras span across the country and stop at all major metropolitan centers.

Where: Jaipur, Rajasthan
When: Nov
Famous for: Automobile Art & Performing Arts

Serendipity Arts Festival, Goa

The Serendipity Arts Festival showcases a magnificent congregation of rising artists who are exceptionally skilled in their portrayal of life through their art. It spreads its grand canvas across Panaji, Goa and includes visual arts, crafts, theatre, music, dance, photography, and culinary arts. All these brilliant works commingle to please in terms of aesthetic and intellect.

Where: Panaji, Goa
When: Nov
Famous for: Visual & Performing Arts

A visit to any of the art fairs in India, elevates their learning and merriment. It is not a wonder that countless people look forward to these events every year. The art fairs in India are organized for the artists, by the artists. They are the hubs of creativity, where people from across the globe, come together for one holistic goal.

Northeastern Tribes of India – Little Known Things About Their Culture

By

Debangan Mishra

-

November 26, 2020

2

Northeastern-Tribes-of-India-02 — Garo girls in Traditional Attire – Wikimedia

The Northeastern states of India are home to a multitude of tribes, and each has its unique culture. Despite being an integral part of the country, people of this region face ethnic and racial discrimination when they venture out of their homeland. The cultures and livelihoods of the Northeastern Tribes of India are unique and beautiful. Here are some of the most interesting and little known things about these tribes.

Matriliny of Khasi and Garo tribes

Northeastern-Tribes-of-India-01 — Khasi Tribe –Wikimedia

The Khasi and Garo tribes are ethnic to Meghalaya and constitute the majority of its population. They have practiced Matriliny for centuries, and the practice is continuing in its original glory. Although it is not a novel concept and had existed in small pockets in different parts of India, these two tribes continue to be its largest practitioners. But what does Matriliny mean? It refers to the practice where the property is handed to the youngest daughter, instead of being passed over to the sons of the family.

Northeastern-Tribes-of-India — Garo Treble Couple – Wikimedia

Other aspects of this practice include the groom living with his bride’s family, the family name of their children being that of the mothers and dominance of women in social and economic spheres. Yet this system has been criticized by the men of the community as they are denied equal rights. Protests against unfair property laws yielded no conclusions about their relevance. The practice might have lost its novelty in the state, but it remains a beautiful and distinguishing feature of the community.

Devanagari Script of the Bodo Language

Boro language textbooks in Devanagari – Wikimedia

The Bodo tribe is one of the largest ethnic groups in the seven sisters, and they speak the Bodo language, one of the officially recognized languages of our country. Yet, this mother tongue of more than a million Indians, has a unique feature- it is written the same way as Hindi. This is strange because the homeland of the Bodo tribe is distributed across four districts of Assam which are quite far away from the Hindi speaking heartlands of northern India. For a period of time after the original Deodhai script of their speech slowly became extinct, the language was mostly spoken without a proper script.

When the need for written material arose, there was a question as to which one the tribe would choose. They were reluctant to use the Assamese script because of past cases of discrimination, and the Bodo Sahitya Samaj took the lead to promote the Latin or English script. But this saw resistance from the other side. Accepting the advice of the Union Government, the Bodo tribe began writing in Devanagari, and today it is a distinguishable part of their culture.

Idu Mishmi – The Tribe of Rukmini

An integral part of Indian culture is its mythologies which have seen various local interpretations across millennia. The Idu Mishmi tribe inhabiting in Arunachal Pradesh believe that they are the descendants of Krishna’s consort, Rukmini. Although the tribe does not practice Hinduism, Hindu Mythology of Mahabharata has vastly influenced their culture.

Rukmini and her life are deeply rooted in their cultural identity. Rukmini was a princess whose brother, Rukmi wanted her to marry Krishna’s cousin Shishupala. An enmity existed between Rukmi and Krishna as the latter had killed Rukmi’s friend Kansa. Thus when he discovered that Rukmini and Krishna wished to marry, the prince forbade the marriage. On the fateful day, when Rukmini eloped with her lover, the people of the Idu Mishmi tribe tried to stop them. As a punishment, the Lord commanded them to cut their hair. To this day, the tribe members are also locally called “chulikata” literally meaning “those who had cut their hair”. They still sing love songs depicting the marriage of Rukmini during the season of love, spring.

The Villages of Singing Names

A mother’s love is beyond measures. When she sees her child for the first time, tears of happiness well up in her eyes. And out of love and joy, she might hum a tune. In the Kongthong and the neighboring villages of Meghalaya, which are occupied by the Khasis, this little song becomes the name of the baby. She composed two tunes, one is a full song, and the other is a shorter version of it. Kongthong is also known as the whistling village as their song names sound like melodious whistles. The children have another name for official purposes, yet their family members do not address them with this commonly. They only do so when they are angry with them. After all, the name symbolizes love. So, when anger is present, love need not be! And every one of these lullabies is unique.

Even when a person dies, their song is not passed onto their newborn village-members. They also have a unique marriage tradition revolving around the tune where the unmarried men sing their names on a full moon night, and the best singer is chosen as the groom. This practice of singing names has several advantages. The most important one is when the community members are out in the nearby forests, and are in danger. The villagers may not hear their names, but the song would echo through the woods.

The Unique Cultures of Northeastern Tribes of India

Regrettably, most of these cultures are still unknown to the rest of the country. The local bodies have tried to increase tourism and made efforts to protect these cultures. But most efforts have been in vain- partially due to lack of infrastructure and connectivity. Cultures, if not indulged in and appreciated, are lost with time. So next time you are planning a trip, explore the Seven Sisters, and enjoy the vibrant culture of the states.

Indian Culture vs Western Culture: The Beauty of Diversity

By

Cscope Staff

-

November 24, 2020

17

The debate on Indian culture vs Western Culture has been going on for a long time. Everyone contributes their unique insights on the topic. Both these cultures are unique, significant, and beautiful in their distinguished ways. The world, as we know it today, would never have existed had either of these cultures been absent.

Western Culture derives most of its customs and traditions from the European culture. Indian culture, however, is more diverse. Each state in the country brings with it, its traditions and cultures that are quite different from those of its neighbor. Analyzing the differences between them, it comes as no surprise that the ever-living debate on Indian culture vs Western culture still finds an audience.

The History

Indian-Culture-vs-Western-Culture-History — Left Image – Wikimedia, Right Image – Wikimedia

The term culture refers to the norms, rituals, beliefs, and practices followed by a set of people belonging to a particular region or community. Each nation and continent has its own culture. It is this knowledge of their indigenous culture that distinguishes a particular nation or community from others. The culture of land has a considerable role in influencing the lifestyle of its natives.

Indian History is quite ancient in comparison to the Western history. In fact, Indian history is said to have been begun with the advent of the Indus Valley civilization in 2600 BC. Through the ages, the country had undergone a number of changes, which are aptly reflected in the art, culture, literature and architecture of India.

Western civilization is also quite ancient and is said to have had its roots in the ancient civilization of Greece. Through the ages, the western culture and civilizations have provided a number of significant contributions to world literature and architecture. A glimpse through the western history would undoubtedly reveal several literary and artistic legends such as Michelangelo and William Shakespeare, who have been stalwarts in shaping the culture of the Western world today.

Religion

India is the land of many religion, though majority of the Indian population follow Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism, and Jainism are also practiced by a significant number of people. In most Western countries, Christianity is the most followed religion, with Islam and Judaism also being practiced by a considerable number of people.

Festivals

Indian culture is one of the most ancient cultures, which is prevalent in the world today. India is home to many festivals that take place all year round. Each state has its own distinct festivals, which mark certain pivotal events. The festivals are all celebrated with much pomp and splendour. Indian festivals include Holi, Onam, Pongal among others.

In Western culture too, people celebrate festivals with much joy. Popular Western festivals include Mardi Gras, Thanksgiving, St. Patrick’s Day, and many more. However, certain festivals are global. Many people across the world celebrate festivals like Christmas ad Eid regardless of their nationality.

Music

Music has always been an inherent part of every culture around the world; each country has its distinct musical style, which suits the land and its people. Western music is entirely different from Indian music in several ways. Indian music is composed mainly of Hindustani Classical Music, Carnatic Music, among others. Traditional musical instruments, such as the Tabla, Veena, and Shehnai, are still used to produce soothing and melodious music in India.

In contrast to this, the Western musical scenario is quite different; it includes mainly jazz, rock, heavy metal, and Hip Hop. The opera is another popular attraction. It is a theatrical art form and is prominent for its musical component.

Dance

India has a number of the art forms spread across the nation. From the mesmerizing Bharatanatyam and the splendid Mohiniyattam to the lively Garba and graceful Manipuri, the country has beautiful and majestic dance forms that are unique to each state.

In Western countries, one can find many different forms of dance as well! Ballet, Waltz, Salsa, Tango, etc. are some of the most popular dance, performed in various settings.

Art

Indian-Culture-vs-Western-Culture-Art — Left – Jatayu Vadha By Raja Ravi Varma via Wikimedia. Right – Landscape by Vincent Van Gogh via Pixabay

The themes of Indian art are different and varied in contrast to that of the Western art. Indian art mostly comprised elements of religious significance. The paintings also portrayed scenes inspired from the daily life of the artist. The legends of Indian art include, Abindranath Tagore, Raja Ravi Varma, M. F. Hussain, Jamini Roy, among others.

Western paintings are quite popular for its unique representation of the human figure and the mesmerizing landscapes. Apart from this, many paintings also portray scenes from the Bible. The legends of western art include, Vincent Van Gogh, Michelangelo, Leonardo Da Vinci, Picasso and more.

Literature

Western literature is an apt reflection of the society. Apart from the realistic portrayal of their life, Western literature is quite unique due to its liberal use of a variety of techniques to narrate the story. Chivalry, romance, loyalty, fantasy, and Individualism are some of the key elements of Western literature. The western literary legends include, William Shakespeare, Christopher Marlowe, and George Bernard Shaw.

Indian literature differs from that of the Western literature in both- themes and style of narration. Indian literature mostly focusses on the realistic portrayal of the issues that are prevalent in the society. Obedience, morality, bravery, and human values are some of the most recurring themes in Indian literature. Rabindranath Tagore, Sarojini Naidu, and Premchand are some of the most popular literary legends of India.

Traditional Attire

Indian-Culture-vs-Western-Culture-Attire — Image – Pexels

Every state in India has a distinct culture and hence, the dressing styles differ from one region to another. For instance, the attire worn in Rajasthan is widely different from the one worn in the southern state of Kerala. Most of the people in many states prefer the traditional attire that is saree for women and kurta, dothi for men.

People in the Western countries wear clothes which are perceived to be more modern than Indian clothes. But many indigenous communities in the West still take pride in their traditional clothing, which embodies their rich culture and history. But with the advent of globalization, people all over the world are adapting to a universal style of dressing which include jeans, skirts, t-shirts, etc. The younger generation of India is more attracted to the western style of clothing as opposed to traditional wear.

Family Values

Though most of the modern families in India are mostly nuclear in contemporary times, this was not the case some years ago. Earlier, Indian families were mostly joint families, with every member of the family living under the same roof. The concept of arranged marriages, which is very popular in India, would undoubtedly be unheard of in the western countries.

Food Culture

The Indian staple mostly comprises of rice, and the cuisine includes a wide variety of side dishes. In India, the North Indian Cuisine varies significantly from that of the South Indian Cuisine. The popular dishes of North Indian cuisine include, Parathas, Pani Puri, Chole Bature, among others. While South Indian cuisine includes dishes such as, Dosa, Sambhar, Payasam, and Sadhya.

In western countries, food habits are quite distinct. The western cuisine is a mixture of various food cultures such as the European cuisine, North American cuisine, Mexican Cuisine, and more, Each of these cuisines are quite different from the other. The most popular dishes of the European cuisine include, the Arancini, Pierogi, and Palatschinken, while the Mexican cuisine is popular for its Tacos and Burritos. The people of the Western countries mostly prefer wheat over rice. Hence it forms a major part of their diet.

The Verdict

In almost every aspect of life, these cultures have their specific perspectives and practices, which suit their land and lifestyle. From the music they listen to, their dressing style, and the food they consume, everything highlights the differences which are prevalent between both the cultures.

Each culture is unique and beautiful in its own way. The Indian Culture vs Western Culture debate may never see its end. But it is up to the individual to choose the right elements from each culture, and incorporate that in their life.

Psynergy – Musical Art with a Cause and Concern for Climate Change

By

Tasneem Sariya

-

November 23, 2020

0

As toxic gases fume into the air, fires burn across forests and garbage of plastic and various rubbish lines along our ocean and sea shores, the future seems dark and dangerous. The music ominously dances in the background, the screen flashes with black hues. The artists groove to the dance of the death as scenes of callous changes in our environment pass through our eyes.

Psynergy whose music is written, composed and produced by Tao Issaro is a collaboration of various artists who come together for a singular cause. Climate change is a stark reality of our times. Yes, the human race has rapidly played a pivotal role in the deterioration of the planet, pushing it further to the brink of an unbalanced disharmony. And it is through this thought provoking music video that the artists hope to bring to light the damages of climate change with hard hitting visuals. The music video released on 20th November and you can watch it here –

The performances by Isha Sharvani and Ian Wilkes silhouetted against the tirades of destruction add to the emotion of the video that is heavily aided by its music and composition.

About Psynergy

Tao Issaro an Indian/Australian percussionist and music composer has collaborated with artists from Kerala, Australia and Israel to make the music video called Psynergy. The video ‘shines a light on climate change and the devastating effects it can have on the planet’. However, the idea of the video originated earlier. It was ‘birthed in Australia as a stage production by Ochre Contemporary Dance Company called ‘Kwongkan (Sand)’ which featured aboriginal Australian artists along with Indian artists Tao Issaro and Isha Sharvani. The work premiered at the Perth International Arts Festival in Feb 2019 to large audiences and rave reviews.’

With COVID gripping our lives totally, there has been a significant slowdown in the usual busy humdrum of life and industries. And hence the group of collaborators decided to make Psynergy that ‘encompasses the soul of what they were trying to say with ‘Kwongkan’.

The Artists

Isha-Sharvani-and-Tao-Issaro — Isha Sharvani & Tao Issaro

Tao Issaro was a part of the Daksha Sheth Dance Company and has performed in more than 30 countries. His more than 3000 performances include 25 International Art Festivals. He has been performing since the young age of 9 and is credited with ‘developing a unique and dynamic live performance language combining percussion, movement, physical theatre and storytelling.’

Isha Sharvani is a familiar face in India. She is a multi-disciplinary stage artist with an experience of more than 20 years. She is also an actress, an aerialist, teacher and mother. She is highly influenced by the martial art Kalaripayattu, Yoga, Kathak and Malakhamb. She has trained extensively in circus and also western aerial’s, such as Lyra, Silks, hand/foot loop. She is pursuing her journey in western contemporary dance.

Mark Howett from Western Australia is the director and editor of the video. He has lent his direction to theatre, dance, opera and films though he started out as a lightening designer initially. He learnt Theatre Design at the School of Drama, Yale University. Since 1979, he has worked with various international film, theatre, dance and opera companies. Some of this works include being a senior creative on production in projects, such as Sweeny Todd, Royal Opera at Covent Garden, Cabaret at Savoy Theatre West End, Evita at Dominion Theatre West End, A Country Girl at Apollo Theatre West End, Rites Bangarra and Australian Ballet at Paris Opera House, Cloudstreet Co B Belvoir at Brooklyn Academy of Music, and Secret River Sydney Theatre Co to name a few.

The music of the video has been mixed and mastered by Laurie Singara and the vocals are provided by Ajitha Prabhakran. Legendary Strawberry Man has played the Australian Aboriginal wind instrument didgeridoo. The artwork of the video is credited to Boris Colin, the logo to Kiran Venugopalan and titles are by Ramesh Ram.

What the Artists Say

Each of the artists shares the concern that climate change has on our environment and planet. It is these strong emotions and the urgency to act, that aid their performances and skill, as they come together to create the music video.

Kwongkan the original stage production sparked the idea of the music video. “As part of the development for the show (Kwongkan) the company toured to remote and regional areas in Australia and India and found that the climate change issue has hit much closer to home than any of us realized” says Tao Issaro.

After COVID the realization that mankind had played havoc with nature only hit further.
“If Covid-19 is to teach us anything it is that we should listen to the collective wisdom of science and professionals who have dedicated their whole lives to the field” Tao says

Mark Howett, on the other hand is an aboriginal Australian hailing from the Wadjuk Noongar tribe in Western Australia. He says, “The outcome of these affects leads to an issue that involves every single human being regardless of caste, color or economic background”

Yet, in spite of a public awakening and a lot more awareness than earlier, the governments of the world seem to still not have fathomed its seriousness. There is still a lot that is not done for the ecological balance of the planet, on the pretext of economy and development. “If government’s are not interested in the wellbeing of our planet and all its inhabitants, then it is our duty as citizens to make sure our voices are heard” says actress/dancer Isha Sharvani.

Through the video the artists hope’ to raise awareness of the severity and danger our fragile environment is facing and offers people multiple platforms to become part of the fight against climate change.’

Climate Change Facts

As you watch the video let a few facts sink in too.

Carbon dioxide from human activity is increasing more than 250 times faster than it did from natural sources after the last Ice Age.
The concentration of carbon dioxide in our atmosphere, as of May 2020, is the highest it has been in human history.
The planet’s average surface temperature has risen about 2.05 degrees Fahrenheit (1.14 degree Celsius) since the last 19th century.
The oceans have absorbed much of the heat too. The top 100 m of ocean shows warming of more than 0.6 degrees Fahrenheit or 0.33 degree Celsius.
11% of all global greenhouse gas emissions caused by humans are due to deforestation.
The level of the greenhouse gases are higher now than at any time in the last 800,000 years
2019 concluded a decade of exceptional global heat, retreating ice and record sea levels driven by greenhouse gases produced by human activities.

Of course, there are many more such facts that indicate the disaster we are headed for, unless we understand and correct our course of action. The planet needs our care and sensible use of resources can lead to environmental, as well, human and economic development too. We hope we do not reach a stage where the Cree Indian proverb proves true – “Only when the last tree has died and the last river been poisoned and the last fish been caught will we realise we cannot eat money”

Meanwhile, you could join the global fight against climate change by clicking on the links below;
https://fridaysforfuture.org/
https://350.org/?fbclid=IwAR1Q8mo97-ch9b-cXbfUpoHBqSxPr_0Wccb6AkijkfPmYLqYcVtclC87-Zo
https://www.youthengagedinwetlands.com/
https://www.gybn.org/
https://www.unep.org/
Reference for facts:
https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
https://www.conservation.org/stories/11-climate-change-facts-you-need-to-know
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/global-warming/global-warming-overview/
https://www.unenvironment.org/explore-topics/climate-change/facts-about-climate-emergency

Top 7 All Time Favourite Cartoon Characters in India We Love Till Date

By

Tasneem Sariya

-

November 23, 2020

0

Cartoon characters are children’s best friends. They are full of expressions, antics and always have something up their sleeves. As a kid (a long time ago), I found solace and fun in some of my most favourite super heroes. Whether it was the different chases between Tom and Jerry or the sudden power and strength that overcame Popeye after eating spinach, these scenes are etched in memory. Not just for me, but for generations after me, who have glued themselves to the idiot box or flipped through our favourite comic books.

Cartoon Characters in India

However, we all grew up to a staple dose of iconic cartoon characters that were mostly not geographically or culturally located in India. Yet, it is almost sinful to not remember our very own desi cartoon characters that touched our hearts and tugged at them just a tad bit longer. Chacha Chaudhary with his wit was one of my dearest characters, and so were the wonderful idiosyncrasies of characters from Tinkle. These characters resonated with us because they seemed pretty much surrounded in a milieu that was both familiar and relatable. Their way of talking, phrases, attires all reflected the cultural and social environment in which we survive. And hence, these cartoon characters formed the foundation for storytelling for many children growing up.

Also, the trend of introducing more and more Indian based characters and stories has heightened during the recent times. Several newer additions in the family of comics or television shows have increased the number of viewing or reading options for our children. Though not all match up to the status and standards set by erstwhile characters, some are extremely popular and a rage amongst the kids. Chhota Bheem, for example, has reached cult status and become the number one favourite of the children of today’s time. Yet, none of us has forgotten Mowgli (including Walt Disney Pictures) or Suppandi for sure.

And so compiling a list of some of the best cartoon characters was not too hard a task. However, though we recognize the characters themselves, we often forget the real heroes behind the scene. We forget the creators of these famous characters. The brilliant minds that give these cartoons on paper a voice and a face. Let’s take a look at the most popular Indian cartoon characters and their creators, exploring a little more about each of them.

1. Mowgli, The Jungle Book

The Jungle Book is one of the defining stories of our times. Originally a book it has been adapted into films and cartoon series as well. The protagonist Mowgli is a household name, and with Rudyard Kipling’s brilliance, all characters and storyline have had many side stories, spin-offs etc. Whether it be the various movies or multiple adaptations, the adventures of Mowgli, Bagheera and Bhalu don’t ever disappoint.

And yes of course, for those growing up in the ’90s, ‘Jungle Jungle baat chali hai pata chala hai…’ will always be a song remembered till eternity.

2. Chacha Chaudhary and Sabu

Cartoon Characters in India-Chacha-Chaudhary — Image Source

Created by Pran Kumar Sharma or fondly known as Pran, Chacha Chaudhary first came into being in 1971. The comic first ran for Lotpot a Hindi magazine and became immensely popular in no time. Chacha Chaudhary is a petite old man whose ‘brain works faster than a computer’. Along with the massive alien from Jupiter called Sabu, Chacha Chaudhary manages to solve mysteries and cases with his acute intelligence. The household consists of his wife or Chachi, Sabu and his faithful dog Rocket. Chachaji in his turban and wooden stick is the quintessential wise old man. Similarly, Chachiji with her ‘belan’ and polka-dotted sari reflects a middle-class home that might be changing fast in these modern times but is nonetheless nostalgic and recognizable.

Pran is one of the best known Indian cartoonists of India. He has created various other cartoon characters, such as Billoo, Pinki, Shrimatiji and more. Awarded the Padma Shri posthumously, Pran’s contribution to Indian cartoons and caricatures is profound.

3. Suppandi

Cartoon Characters in India-Suppandi — Image – Wikimedia

The Suppandi stories or comics appear in the Tinkle comics. Suppandi was not originally planned or conceptualized by the Tinkle magazine creators. He was, however, introduced by narratives sent over by P. Varadarajan. The concept was then taken on in a comic style and format by Ram Waeerkar. The character is a faithful servant, albeit stupid and extremely naïve. His meddling ways and lack of intelligence lead to hilarious situations that can leave one in splits.

Ram Waeerkar is a comic artist for the Amar Chitra Katha series. Some of the other characters that he gave life to included Nasruddin Hodja, Pyarelal and more.

4. Shikari Shambu

Created by Vasant Halbe and Luis Fernandes in 1982, Shikari Shambu is an Indian hunter that features in Tinkle. Characterized as lazy, Shikari Shambu somehow manages to impress himself upon others as a courageous and brave hunter. His escapades are usually achieved with pure luck. Dressed as a typical hunter with his trademark moustaches, Shikari Shambu is a much-loved character from the Tinkle comics.

5. Chhota Bheem

Unlike the earlier characters that are parts of comics, Chhota Bheem is an animated television show. Chhota Bheem a strong and courageous boy can show stars to his opponents after gulping down a laddoo. He, along with his friends from Dholakpur village, is a bunch of kids who play and do the right thing by protecting the innocent. The village setting, their attires and the different characters that are part of the series exude the typical aura of rural India. Also, the plots are underlined with folklore and magical tales keeping children on the edge and excited.

Rajiv Chilaka is the maker of Chhota Bheem and also the CEO and founder of Green Gold Animations. His other cartoons include the Krishna series as well.

6. Motu Patlu

Another animated series on television, Motu Patlu is also an adaptation from the comic Lotpot. Motu is plump, whereas Patlu is his thin friend. A loose spin-off from Laurel and Hardy, the comics and the series focus on the various mishaps in their lives. The original creator of the characters was Kripa Shankar Bharadwaj. After him most of the series was created by Harvinder Mankkar.

Kripa Shankar Bharadwaj is regarded as a great cartoonist of India. 70% of the characters in the Lotpot series have been created by him.

7. Feluda

Not exactly a cartoon character, Feluda is a fictional detective character. Based along the lines of Sherlock Holmes, he is often assisted by his cousin Topshe on various investigative cases. Feluda stars in a series of novels and short stories in Bengali and is one of the most popular fictional characters in West Bengal. Created by Satyajit Ray, the master storyteller, the Feluda series has been adapted on various mediums, including in films, television, animations and radio.

We often relegate cartoon characters to being entertainment sources for children. Yet, cartoons have often transcended from mere childish gimmicks to serious conversational and opinionated mediums. RK Laxman’s Common Man is a classic example of how a simple cartoon character became a representation for the aspirations, hopes and commentaries of the common man of those times. Amul’s ‘Girl’ cartoon often speaks her mind through witty lines that are a sharp satire or an analysis of current situations or incidents.

Cartoon Characters Not Just for Kids!

Cartoon Characters in India-Common-Man by R K Laxman — RK Laxman’s Common Man

Controversial cartoons have got people in trouble, whether it be political jabs or religious sentiments. And hence, cartoons like all forms of artistic expressions should not be seen only as tools to create animated content for young ones. But also, as a mode of expression that can reach and impact an audience with limited words or punch lines and caricatures.

Fiction vs Reality

Finally, fiction is often closer to reality. Through animations and comics, stories and characters that are fictional unfold and bring to the surface the touching realities of our lives. Every character brings with them their typical personality. There are real emotions that are laden under the façade of drawings or graphics. The stories and character graphs of each of these fictional characters are also important because they are often a larger extension than of just themselves. It is not just Chacha Chaudhary that we see solving a case.

We see an old wise uncle in our family or a dear neighbour who exhibits the same acumen. We laugh over Supandi and Shikari Shambu’s tales, but we relate to their confusions and stupidity readily. Don’t we wish to escape and lunge on trees like Mowgli and feel the raw fear in times of distress? We understand the bonds of friendships through Chhota Bheem’s gang, and we are reminded of our neighbourhood friends with whom we love to spend our evenings. Yes, there is a bit of ourselves in each of these characters and their culture and social rootedness makes them fond members of our growing up years. And in the midst of all of it, we hope not to forget the genius and artistry of those who created them!

Richa Agarwal – A Collector And Connoisseur Of All Things Artsy

By

Prarthana Asija

-

November 19, 2020

0

Ms Richa Agarwal, the CEO of Emami Art and Chairperson of Kolkata Center For Creativity, has been involved in artistic endeavours since 2007. She is a patron for artists across the state and the country. As an art connoisseur and art collector, she has her own perspective of looking at art. With her continuous efforts, she regularly bridges the gap of art jargon between artists and art consumers.

Emami Art is the extension of the deep-rooted passion for art that of the joint chairmen Emami Group of companies Mr R.S. Agarwal and Mr R.S. Goenka very strongly believe in. In 2007, while they were building their corporate office, they felt it was a good time to start a process of giving back to their city and its art community. Apart from art and its attached price tag, they were always emotionally driven by art collections, and hence, they drove along.

Mr-R.S.-Agarwal-and-Mr-R.S.-Goenka-Emami-Group — Mr R.S. Agarwal and Mr R.S. Goenka

Traditional, modern and contemporary art are like three generations of the art living together. Every age, every form and every wave with its familial ties has strengthened the art of today, together. The sync and the balance is achieved very organically and it is better untouched. This Organic Evolution is the process of noticing art, conversing with it and then forming judgements and critiques. Richa at her place weighs all the ages of art and worships their existence each day. From Raza Art (contemporary art) to Nataraj Moorti (traditional art) and a Glass Sculpture (modern art), they all blend her place into a fine setting.

Art is not a piece of news that you read early in the morning. Art doesn’t block your mind, it lets your mind wander. It gives you food for thought. It starts a conversation within oneself. There exists no poll to like or dislike but to ponder. She would encourage you to jump beyond your realism and find your light.

Art in most of our heads is what we see on the walls, but that is only one facet of it. Art is performing, adorning, verbal, clickable – the way we choose to live is a form of art. It is the music we hear, the food we eat and also a good workout – it is as therapeutic as nature. The initial stage to host an exhibition with Emami Art is by applying to their Mentorship Program. The artists, when selected, get a chance to interact with a mentor and to discuss their portfolio. The evaluation of artwork takes place only in its physical form and not the virtual one.

They try to look at it from all different angles as well from the eyes of different age groups because let’s face it, there is no well-defined age to learn! KCC, a not-for-profit organisation explores the plethora of these possibilities and simultaneously considers the concept of sustainability, mental health and flexible life choices.

Emami-Art-Gallery — The Gallery Store.jpg

Richa at KCC makes art available for the soul, which gives people a chance to delve deeper. For a change, they can do something for themselves and not for others. You can say art is the opposite of capitalism! It creates an equilibrium between who you are and who people perceive you as. There are classes, for students, artists as well as people of other professions.

During the lockdown months, Emami Art adapted and smoothly transitioned to an online platform. The online revolution of exhibitions was hosted, and it is safe to say that they succeeded. From initial, petit glitches to a massive stage of talk shows, events and exhibitions, Emami Art happily achieved what they wanted. Starting with one exhibition initially, they are now curating multiple, events and classes every month with diversified artists from nooks and corners of the world! Gladly, they have not sat back one day or given up on gloomy days!

Prasanta-Sahu-Art-Exibution-Suburban-Shadows-02 — Prasanta Sahu

Prasanta Sahu’s ongoing virtual exhibition titled Suburban Shadows underlines the quintessential yet invisible hands and their non-verbal roar through the food they cultivate. The figurative, as well as non-figurative description in everyday images, paintings and their subsequent deconstructions, are very well highlighted.

Talking about Prasanta Sahu, Richa Agarwal deemed him as a silent, dedicated artist. He is daunting and lets his art speak for him majorly. Prasanta Sahu is one of the faculty members at the Kala Bhawan. Richa admits that there is a lot of inspiration to draw from Kala Bhawan.

Prasanta-Sahu-Art-Exibution-Suburban-Shadows-03 — Prasanta Sahu’s Work

Richa’s visits to Shanti Niketan acquainted her with Prasanta’s artwork, and it mesmerised her. The studio at his place was an abode of artwork that breathed life. Richa states, “At Shanti Niketan he works in the calm and serene surroundings, ready to take onto the world.” Richa’s favourite art piece of Prasanta is his Paper Weaving Series… The simplicity with which he weaves his story, and his language onto the paper is magical. Now, at last, they have had this honour to present his artwork through their platform. People can join these art exhibitions through their website and their social media pages. Apart from online curation, they have received artworks through couriers. This indicates the artists’ great passion to communicate with the world.

Emami Art is now live with their new exhibition Suburban Shadows by Prasanta Sahu on their website till 30th November, 2020. Here’s the link to the exhibition

Dreaming of Words – Njattyela Sreedharan United Four Languages and Hearts Through His Unique Dictionary

By

Caleidoscope

-

November 18, 2020

4

Njattyela-Sreedharan-Dreaming-of-Words-Poster

Who is Njattyela Sreedharan? An 82 year old retired senior citizen? A fourth standard drop out? Or an extraordinary lexicographer and a language expert who has managed to compile a dictionary connecting four Indian languages single-handedly?

Well, he is all the above and in fact, much more. Njattyela Sreedharan is a shining example of unfettered single-mindedness towards a goal. And a very unusual goal too! There are many who either joke or are unsure about the similarities and differences of southern state languages. Each of these, be it Malayalam, Telugu, Tamil or Kannada are often mistaken or just bracketed into a single oratory class. But Mr. Sreedharan with his simple approach and astonishing efforts has managed to clear the air of confusion and overlaps with years of dedication. He has managed to, all by himself; make a multilingual dictionary that offers comparative studies of the four languages – Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada and Telugu.

Of course, it is wasn’t easy but his mind boggling and inspiring life journey has deservedly been brought alive on screen through a documentary. Called ‘Dreaming of Words’ the documentary is directed by Nandan and traces Mr. Sreedharan’s ‘life, work, love for languages and the struggles to get the dictionary published.’

About Njjattyela Sreedharan

Born in Thalassery, Kerala in 1938, Mr. Sreedharan had to drop out of school in his fourth standard. He started working in a Beedi factory in Palakkad where he learnt Tamil. While he worked he also read and schooled himself to pass the ESLC examination privately. In spite of not having a proper educational setting to pursue his knowledge, he never shied away from continuing to learn. In fact, during his younger days he spent a lot of his free time in studies and also teaching others as part of literacy programs. He also wrote various articles for Malayalam dailies and magazines that stressed on the correction and aspects of ‘popular linguistic norms in Malayalam.’ And his profound grasp of the Malayalam language can be gauged through the works he read, which included the likes of A.R. Raja Raja Varma, Sheshagiri Prabhu, Campbell etc.

He later worked as a blue printer in Kerala Public Works Department. It was here that he got acquainted with Dr. T. P Sukumaran who was a professor at the Nirmalagiri College. It was Dr. Sukumaran that suggested the idea of ‘compiling a dictionary of colloquial usages of words in Malayalam.’ Since Mr. Sreedharan was familiar with only Malayalam and Tamil, he decided to study the other two Dravidian languages, Kannada and Telugu. And it was also then that he decided to embark on his life journey to compile a dictionary that would connect all these four languages.

Learning Kannada and Telugu

With this mission Mr. Sreedharan set out to learn! He learnt Kannada from his colleague Govinda Naik and writer C Raghavan Master. However, for further understanding the local nuances of the language he went to Karnataka and stayed over for many weeks for his research.

He learnt Telugu from Eashwaraprasad Rao an officer at the District Agricultural Farm, Taliparamba, and his wife Seethamma Garu. For further research he travelled to Nellore in Andhra Pradesh several times, interacting with people and picking up the local and colloquial facets of the language.

As seen in the trailer of the documentary, Mr. Sreedharan talks about his stay in Mysore and in Andhra. And he reminisces how people received him with positive and pleasant response once they learnt that he was there to learn their language.

The compilation and making of the dictionary

After he retired in 1994, Mr. Sreedharan put all his energies in the compilation of his dream project. His knowledge and understanding of the languages was so deep that he also corrected errors in other dictionaries. In his dictionary for each Malayalam word, there is a corresponding word in Kannada, Telugu and Tamil. ‘For words with several meanings, all different meanings are given in the other three languages. This way there are about 125000 words in this unique dictionary’.

The Challenges and Hurdles

One would believe that this massive effort on Mr. Sreedharan’s part would have been enough. The mere fact, that an individual on his own accord and interest, had managed to compile a multi-lingual dictionary that could have an intense impact on linguistic studies, would have seen the light of the day without any hiccups. But that wasn’t to be. While the dictionary was nearing completion a local media bought this story to the limelight. And yet, Mr. Sreedharan had problems trying to get someone to publish his hard work. ‘The economic viability and the reason that Mr. Sreedharan did not have any formal academic qualifications became barriers.’ He approached several private publications but was refuted by all.

Finally, he submitted the dictionary to Kerala Bhasha Institute (The State Institute of Languages). The institute went ahead and published the dictionary not in four, but only two languages, Malayalam and Tamil in 2012. They found it difficult to proofread and due to lack of experts in the field they decided to publish the dictionary in only two languages. To add to the woes, the handwritten dictionary suddenly went missing at the institute and was retrieved in 2014 after Mr.Sreedharan filed a legal notice. Currently another copy of the dictionary is with the Kerala Sahitya Akademi under consideration.

At last, Mr. Sreedharan cleared all hurdles and with the collective efforts of the Senior Citizens Forum in Kerala the dictionary was published on first of November this year.

The documented man

Film maker Nandan has documented the life of Mr. Sreedharan in a film that also ‘explores the linguistic and cultural diversity of India.’ Mr. Sreedharan’s contribution is undoubtedly huge on several levels. Yes, his endeavor and 25 years of toil for the sake of linguistic clarity is applaud able. However, when one watches him on screen, there seems to be an urge or will that pushes him to talk about his passion with an innocence that can only be seen in either little children or old adults. A sense of curiosity and wonder that doesn’t cease, yet, enveloped in a deep feeling of satisfaction and contentment.

Watch the trailer of ‘Dreaming of Words’ – https://drive.google.com/file/d/1I7HeHb-tbogDmfonZsC11ShOnkGlyUN9/view?usp=sharing

IMDB Link: https://www.imdb.com/title/tt13150132/