Touching Lives – Sonia Mackwani

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Can one person change this dreary world…
Can we touch the lives of a few people around us…

Sonia Mackwani is one such person who believes she can change the world by touching lives. In 2003, Sonia established an NGO called ‘Touching Lives’ while she was graduating in Psychology, with a conviction that – “It is completely our need to serve than say, we are serving the needy”. Touching Lives was built with a purpose to be deeply involved in holistic community development of people… spreading love and happiness! That was the fiery determination of a 20-something girl!

Sonia Mackwani

Sonia lives in Dahisar, Mumbai where there are slums adjacent to the railway tracks between Dahisar and Borivili. One day, while travelling back home, Sonia’s train came to a halt and she witnessed a disaster. There she saw huge bulldozers breaking apart houses in a nearby slum. New railway lines were being built in the area, which meant that slum people would have to be relocated. Sonia just couldn’t stand the misery. She went beyond being a mute spectator to what was happening and vowed to do something for those helpless people. Next day, when she went to the slums, and she was disheartened to find that there were no toilets, people were roofless and worse, kids had stopped going to school.

Sonia Mackwani

She only had a vision but no team, but the universe helped her materialize her dream. She consoled herself when she found that there were eight fellow students of psychology who want to volunteer with her. It is with them that she initiated an education project called ‘Sanskriti’ for the slum children. Play-way method, activity sessions were conducted with children, which slowly involved the community as well. “Working with people was another set of learning and experiences,” Sonia states. So, what started as a one-woman show gradually grew into a sizable team of volunteers.

The Touching Lives team spent more than a year teaching children near the railway tracks, amidst numerous challenges such as working in a tent-like setup and tolerating noise of the train and under the wide open sky. Finally in 2008, the team rented a small room as its office cum children centre. Since then, Touching Lives runs a preschool program in the tent for smaller kids, afterschool program for elder kids and a self-help group program for the women of the slum community. Now, the NGO also runs a Teachers Training and NGO Support Program, where they support rural schools and social enterprises by mentoring them on program called “Meta-Quantum Learning Model”.

Sonia Mackwani-04Meanwhile, Sonia completed her Masters in Clinical Psychology and got a Doctorate in Clinical Hypnotherapy. For those curious about how hypnotherapy can support mental wellness, this article provides helpful context: https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/therapy/hypnotherapy-hoax-or-help/. She also authored two children’s books: “Tales from Indian Mythology – Ramayana and Mahabharata”. Her unyielding efforts towards her work and making a difference in people’s lives gave her a platform to be a TED Speaker.

Sonia describes herself as a simple human being who believes that she has come to this planet to experience the different facets of life and use gifts that the universe has bestowed upon her. A ‘9 to 5 job’ would not have given her the freedom to help people. Her challenge was to put together the resources to help people. She shares that the challenges she has faced in swimming against the tide is not about ‘what would people say?’ but fighting the innate demons.

Sonia had a lot of metaphysical experiences in childhood… that she was here for a wider mission, to fulfil a purpose. She calls it the ‘keeda’ of doing something. Her inner voice eventually became her ‘energy of love’. She serves the needy because of her need to serve and not because they need to be served. Fascinated by the works of Mother Teresa and Aga Khan, she realized that she is here to be another mother, to serveg the people who are her fellow neighbours. She served as a board member in various Aga Khan Institutions working on youth, education, and social welfare. That’s where she got her understanding of the spark of volunteerism, which solidified her dream of doing something.

When Touching Lives began, Sonia needed money and resources to commute, to meet people, and to get things done. Neither did she have a phone nor the money. However, nothing seemed a struggle for her, because the fire within her demolished all obstacles. She began with taking tuitions and workshops on psychology to arrange for funds. The best part of her work she says is the unconditional support that she receives from those around her. She believes in miracles and the grand power that they have. “I know whatever I wish, I need to intend and leave it to universe for it to conspire. All that I need to do is be patient and have faith that, it is happening,” she affirms.

Sonia Mackwani

Today, Touching Lives is helping people in community development by looking after the education and empowerment of slum kids in Mumbai. Talking about the vision of Touching Lives for 2020, Sonia modestly replies that she has no idea. “I know of only tomorrow. It’s an organic organisation that gets formulated over a period of time. It’s an experience with life and freedom. It is about different souls who come together,” says Sonia.

A wise man once quipped, “Good things come in small packages.” The young and petite Sonia Mackwani is an eloquent testimony of this lovely adage!

Clean India: Really?

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cleanindia

We all claim that we love our nation and respect it, but do we really? Well, I guess most of us, just fake and our patriotism can be only seen during cricket match or on January 26 and August 15. Rest of the days we don’t care about the results of our actions.

I am proud to be an Indian, but not so proud to live in this nation wherein people just say big but don’t do anything. I have a peculiar habit of keeping my surroundings clean, and I actually mean it. I remember, when I was only 14 years old, I had gone to Chennai. I had finished my chocolate and was having wrapper in my hand. My dad asked me why I am not throwing it on road, and I replied, ‘The city is very clean and I don’t want to make it dirty.’ He was shocked.

We don’t want garbage and want to make our cities clean and good. But in reality, we don’t do anything towards it, do we? I have seen many people throwing plastic bags, wrappers and other such small things on road, so easily. They want a clean India but don’t want to take an initiative.

I was even surprised to see the recent episode of Satyamev Jayate, wherein they spoke about garbage in India and how it’s affecting our nation. The problem actually starts from home. Despite being aware, we never take an initiative to do waste segregation. In my hometown, my mom used to throw all the vegetable waste at the backyard. Later, I realized that, that turns into fertilizer, which she used for plants. Sadly, we don’t care about these things today. All we care is our house should be clean and neat, what goes on with the neighborhood is not ours but government’s matter.

We are so self-centered that we don’t care of our acts. I have a habit of not throwing anything on road, and keeping my area clean. But, what I personally believe is that people won’t change as they’re stubborn and are not ready to change themselves. They still think it’s their house what matters, neighborhood and nation is not their concern.

Famous Lathmaar Holi in Barsana

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Barsana-Lath-mar-Holi
Image Source – commons.wikimedia.org

Holi is the most exuberant and colourful festival of India that symbolises the arrival of spring. It is truly a festival of joy, fun and frolic where people of all ages lose their inhibitions to play with colour. Naturally, showering colour was the best way to express the arrival of spring! However, the modern day Holi festival has become a hazardous play of chemicals with the increasing use of synthetic dyes.

While the entire country celebrates this joyous festival with colour and water, there is a place in Uttar Pradesh that celebrates with batons or lathis! Barsana, situated at a distance of 50 km North West of Mathura, is a small town in the district of Mathura in. “Lathmaar Holi” is something that makes Barsana a must-visit destination. During this festival, the men from Nandgaon reach Barsana to tease and play holy with the women of Barsana. As a part of the celebration, the women beat them with wooden sticks to protect themselves.

India Holi
India Holi – gkrishna38

The town’s culture is replete with numerous legends of Krishna and the Gopikas and poetic depiction of the legends are very popular. Apart from Holi in Barsana, Radha Ashtami is also celebrated with grace and devotion, which is the day marking the birth of Radharani. However, despite being a great place to visit, mainstream tour operators have sidelined this tourist spot, considering it as offbeat destination.

Man Mandir, the main temple of Barsana is located on top of a hill, which part of the four hills that surround the town. These hills are regarded as the four heads of Lord Brahma, who according to Hindu Mythology, reincarnated himself in a hill to make space for Lord Krishna to live on earth. According to the Hindu Legends, Barsana was the capital of King Vrishabhanu during the Dwapara Yuga. He was the father of Radharani, who was the consort of Lord Krishna.

Being closely located with Mathura (50 km), Barsana shares the same past background and culture of Brajbhoomi. As Barsana is a tiny town, it was under the rule of Mathura. Barsana has been under the rule of various emperors such as Vrishabhanu, Akbar, Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb, etc. Raslila is the popular dance form of Barsana associated with the romance between Lord Sri Krishna and Radha Rani. The town is also popular for Charkula dance form and forms associated with Mathura city.

Local Flavour

SourceThis small town is very much involved in creative activities. During festivals like Holi and Radhashtami, the flea markets are full of colourful handicrafts and artefacts. One could buy them as souvenirs. The brassware of Barsana such as hanging lamps, Shiv Trishul, and Sindhoor Pots are among the most-sought after items. Apart from this, the fine finish and unique designs of Barsana’s embroidered clothes are also high on the tourist must-buy list. Semi-precious and precious stones are also used to adorn the embroidery on fabrics.

While you visit Barsana, do not miss to savour some of the sumptuous delicacies. Chole Bhature and Gujiyaas are simply not to be missed. Drinks such as Thandai and Bhang could also be tried. Thus, to enjoy the best of the deals, one must visit Barsana during the festival of Holi held in mid March every year. However, you should be cautious while drinking Bhang as one could feel dizzy.
Despite being a small town, there are many hotels, guesthouses, dharmashalas in Barsana that meet the accommodation requirements of travellers. The hotels in Barsana have all the modern facilities, exceptional service and excellent Indian hospitality.

Location

Mathura-Barsana route | Google Maps
Mathura-Barsana route | Google Maps

Barsana is accessible to travellers visiting via air or land. The town is in proximity to various big cities such as Delhi (132 km), Mathura (39 km), Agra (94 km), and Vrindavan (37 km). Mathura (50 km) is the nearest railway station where all the super-fast trains halt. Visitors could also reach Barsana via buses as well. There are well-connected roads from Delhi, Mathura and Agra. For commuting, UPSRTC buses, metered taxis, auto rickshaws, jeeps and cabs are available. In case, you are driving your personal car, you could reach Barsana through MDR143W and MDR 94W from Mathura.

Author: Written By Neelam Talreja
Neelam Talreja is a Travel Writer with a keen interest in writing about incredible destinations. Her write-ups are detailed and comprising of all relevant details that could accommodate. All write-ups are written after thorough research with a blend of creative writing that will make you travel along.

Factfile –
Wiki Braj

Bitter truth of my life – Homosexuality

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Homosexuality in India
Source

People say, ‘Time heals everything.’ Except in my case where time seems to have just stopped. Every morning when I wake up, I pray with a hope that it’s a bad dream. But, nothing seems to change. When I go out or interact with someone, I have a feeling of fear deep inside me ‘What if they find out? What will they do?’ My so called ‘normal’ life has got worse since the Supreme Court of India gave its judgment on IPC-377 Act.

It’s now a few months since the judgment came out and everyone seems to have moved on since then, whereas I am still stuck there. Neither I have a rebelling nature, nor do I have courage to live behind closet for the rest of my life. For people like me, it is hard to accept the fact that without committing any crime, they are criminals in the eyes of law. I still remember every second of that fateful day when this judgment came.

Protest against Art.377 |Samapathik Trust
Protest against Art.377 | Samapathik Trust

It started off as a normal day for me. I was ready with my assignments and had even started working on them. Just a few days back, I had happily participated my first ever Gay Pride March in Pune. The organizers of the Gay Pride March felt that the judgment will be in our favour. My dream of having a family and being accepted by society started to bloom again. I was knitting my long-lost dreams again with hope and happiness. Then suddenly, it all collapsed without warning!

The verdict came, but it was against us. When I saw the first web post stating ‘Homosexuality is illegal in India, says Supreme Court’, I was dumbstruck! I suddenly felt that I have been betrayed. After I got back to my senses after a while, I went through other news portals to read the entire report. I decided to ask my friends about their next step of action. Some said that they will revolt against the judgment, whereas some decided to move out of the nation. There were a few who didn’t do anything but were just speaking against the judgment. Soon, my social network site was full of updates against the judgment. People were talking about it in the open. Many said that they don’t need the authority’s permission to love someone. Many were gathering support for a march against the judgment.

Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek
Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek
As for me, I had no option left. I could only see a dark passage, with no light at the end. I was just sitting at my home thinking about the possibilities as a result of this judgment. Ever since I became conscious about myself, I had decided that I will never marry a girl. There is no point in taking such step and ruining some else’s life. As I grew up, I realized about the problems we homosexuals face when it comes to acceptance in the society. I have met many people who openly support us but from inside, they still consider this as a sin. These people create hurdles in your life and you have no place to seek help. In many cases, either you commit suicide or you leave a life of misery. The only hope that comes along during such a situation is the law.

Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek
Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek

I understand that the law is not fully supportive when it comes to changing people’s mentality. However, if this law was repealed, to some extent, it would have been helpful in preventing unlawful activities against a particular community or an individual. That’s why laws such as anti-dowry, anti-child marriage and others exist. People fear that if someone complains, they may go behind bars for years, which brings down the number of hate crimes.
Similarly, declaring that homosexuality is a crime is like branding the entire homosexual community as criminal. It implies that if I am open to someone and that an individual can now complain against me that I am involved in homosexual acts. Even when I am not involved, I could be behind bars for nearly 10 years. Thus, having a law to safeguard our interest was important. However, instead of making the Delhi High Court judgment concrete to support the homosexual community, the Supreme Court decided to pull it back, making the entire community vulnerable. We had hoped to take a step further but then we were pushed 10 years back.

Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek
Gay Pride in Pune | Golnaz Malek

As a homosexual, it is not easy to go through this phase. Every day when I wake up and see myself in the mirror, I see a criminal. A criminal who has not looted anyone, nor committed any heinous criminal activity. I am a criminal for just loving a person who belongs to the same sex. I am criminal for simply expressing my love. I am criminal of dreaming of my life with a person I am in love with. It’s been more than a month and there is no change. All I can see is a dark passage that holds no future for me in this nation.

Factfile –

http://en.wikipedia.org

Career Women – Carry a Quiver Full of Arrows

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Author – Eshaa Patnaik

Career_Indian_Woman
Source

Sometimes a very negative experience turns out to be the most rewarding in the long run. It opens up amazing inroads and shows us the great possibilities in life that we never knew how to recognize. The challenges that women continue to face in the workplace similarly make them all the more adept at handling their multiple challenges. The day is not far off when career women will be appreciated solely for their work without attention being stolen by their appearance.

My friend recently faced a very tough and cruel experience at her workplace. Being pregnant she was not keen on travelling as much she had been for the organization. This made her appear to be unproductive to her boss who kept finding fault with her performance throughout her term and finally submitted a formal memo to her. She had become a liability as she was in the process of taking up the most important assignment of her life as a woman. This memo came just before her four-month paid maternity leave. Meant as a blow to make her resign, it instead made her take her organization to court. From being someone who had unquestioningly put in more hours than all her colleagues, she had taken on the entire senior management.

work life balance
Working woman’s delicate balance | indianblogworld

When we observe the career path taken by women, it does show hiccups and meanderings much more than that of their male counterparts. Although many of us who work in software MNCs would vouch for the complete equality that we have in our professional space, there does remain the fact that women do face more challenges and are not considered competent enough for leadership roles. Being the deal maker, smarter, faster and better than their competitors is still not appreciated in women. They get labelled as “aggressive” go getters.

My work on researching reasons for women’s attrition in my previous organization made me explore the discourse about the perils of women being careerists over homemakers. I found that professionally qualified women gave it all up to relocate with their spouses. I also learnt that there are few women in leadership positions. Women specifically faced challenges related to the stage of their personal lifecycle, assertiveness and incredulous as it may sound to you, age. Often enough, work domains are dominated by men and hence women are given the short shrift even if they have proved themselves to be careerists. However, most of the times, these particular experiences turn out to be preparation for the women for their more senior and plum posts. A probation of sorts!

Working woman
Working woman | Visualphotos.com

It’s akin to a quiver full of arrows in terms of the skills and attitude that each of these experiences develops in women, and the various ways they can arm themselves to face the roles they need to play successfully. It did develop a new skill and strength in my friend. In some cases, women face identity crises sets when they tend to prove to be “not just men in skirts”. Communication channels generally get blocked and their contributions are less fully valued.

But nonetheless, all these challenges shape you. Someone as high profile as Marissa Mayer (CEO of Yahoo) was not spared and called “robotic and stuck up”, and “gender blind”, which clearly show the gender bias at work. However, that didn’t stop her from taking many tough decisions as a CEO. In fact, it helps to have these “professional jolts” early on in our career as it makes us strong enough to handle people and top management issues later on.

Are there any specific mantras or experiences that bring out the best among women? We need to develop our own set of skills and build strengths, and not shy away from challenges or our specific weaknesses. We also need to maintain our originality as best we can and not forget that there is no fixed pathway to the top. As more and more women join the professional ranks, there will clearly be an evolution in the way they are perceived. We need to decide what arrows we need in our case and how we can replenish the quiver as per the changing times!

Documentary Films in India that Broadens Our Horizon of Thought

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As the world watches the latest set of Oscar awards, we look at some documentary films in India that have been created by experts and novices alike. Watching these films actually changes the perspective of viewers and broadens our horizon of thought. With their thought-provoking punches and content, these low-budget films ensure that viewers are left wondering by the end of each film, after being exposed to such harsh reality about the society that we are a part of.

The main objective of a documentary film is to show the real life, deglamorized and denuded to just the truth. However, not all documentaries are made to make you cringe. Some are made on a lighter note, like Supermen of Malegaon. Following is a compilation of the top few documentary films made in India by Indian filmmakers, which has a combination of genres of documentaries from very serious to light hearted.

Supermen of Malegaon

Documentary film - Supermen of Malegaon
Supermen of Malegaon

Set in the small town of Malegaon in Maharashtra, ‘Supermen of Malegaon’ is the story of a novice filmmaker who aspires to create spoofs of Bollywood films. This documentary ventures into his team’s attempts at making a local-level spoof of Hollywood’s Superman. Instead of a well-built Christopher Reeves or Henry Cavill, we have here ultra-lean and lanky Shafique Shaikh with a bony appearance in a superman costume that makes you laugh the moment he makes an appearance.
The documentary for most part is funny yet contemplative. It shows the dreams of a small town guy becoming a star through the eyes of Shafique Shaikh, as well as the will of the film’s team to break away from the monotony and do something creative, even when they have no experience. Many aspects of the society are brought out into the open, while making this quirky and low-budget action hero film. These issues are so subtly addressed without implying any seriousness, which shows the optimistic nature of the film. Faiza Ahmad Khan, the director of the film, has done a great job with it and did justice to Malegaon ka Superman.

Father, Son and Holy War

Documentary film - Father, Son and Holy War
Father, Son and Holy War

While making a documentary, a director always tries to ensure complete objectivity, i.e. the absence of any personal point of view. Sometimes a bias is not created by distorting the content shot or faking the clips; it is involuntarily done. What a filmmaker chooses to show and hide in order to suit his script decides the objectivity of a documentary film.
Anand Patwardhan’s ‘Father, Son and Holy War’ is said to have achieved that objectivity to a very high extent. With the two thought provoking parts of the film (‘Trial by Fire’ and ‘Hero Pharmacy’), Patwardhan has raised the issues of Hindu-Muslim riots, the fundamentalist thinking in both the sects and the dominance of men in the society.
Patwardhan goes to the extent of bringing in talks about men’s virility to create an analogy between the machismo of the violent extremists and their potency. Nowhere does he mock their opinions about non violence being equivalent to impotency, but this preposterous notion when seen in his film makes one wonder at their warped minds. “Rampant machismo is never a pretty sight, and this two-part video contains a lot of excruciating imagery and some brutal truths: these are not pretty pictures…” says Gail Minault, Journal of Asian Studies.

Faith Connections

Documentary film - Faith Connections

“Kumbh ke mele mein bichhad gaye” was a hackneyed dialogue among many Bollywood films of the previous era. Although the dialogue looked unrealistic, the phenomenon is very much real in Kumbh Melas, which are the largest gatherings of humans on Earth. This high-budget documentary explores the city of Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh where the event takes place every 12 years. Director Pan Nalin has tried to show the lesser known aspects of the Kumbh Mela.
This film isn’t an information video log about how millions of people come to take a dip in the holy waters. It rather shows a Hatha Yogi Baba who adopts and nurtures an abandoned child; and how the hermit finds himself becoming a part of the world around him again and a runaway kid, whose parents’ status is unknown to all. Where thousands of people get lost, director Nalin finds a weary couple in search of their lost child. With some extremely beautiful camerawork and editing, Faith Connections makes a compelling case. The film binds its viewers and appeals to their emotional side, showing grey shades of the Kumbh.

Smile Pinki

Documentary film - Smile Pinki
Smile Pinki

A five-year old girl, Pinki Sonkar, from a village in one of the poorest parts of India, is ostracized and is not allowed to attend the local school because of the deformity that she bears; a cleft lip. “Smile Pinki” is an Oscar award-winning documentary, showing the challenges faced by innocent children born with cleft lips in India and the role played by G.S. Memorial Plastic Surgery Hospital in Banaras in providing free plastic surgeries to all such children. Thousands of Pinkies in India face similar or worse reactions from family and society. A common notion among believers is that children with a cleft lip were born under a curse.
Director Megan Mylan follows social worker Pankaj who tries to convince people in villages of Uttar Pradesh to get their children operated for free from the G S Memorial Hospital, Varanasi. The film follows Pinki and a 11-year old boy, Ghuntaru, to their surgical points after which they look completely normal and healed. It is a welcome reminder that making the world a better place doesn’t require miracles but a merely a series of small, simple steps.

Factfile –
http://topdocumentaryfilms.com
http://en.wikipedia.org

Indian Scientists – Unsung Heroes – Part II

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Continued from Unsung Heroes of Indian Science – Part I

Let’s look at some of little known Indian scientists who excelled in their domains and brought to light new discoveries or created inventions

Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar

Indian scientists - S.S. Bhatnagar | Courtesy: Arago.si.edu
S.S. Bhatnagar | Courtesy: Arago.si.edu

Sir Shanti Swaroop Bhatnagar is a well known Indian scientist owing to the national award instituted for science & technology in his name. However, few of us know that the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) was established way back in 1942, much before India’s independence! Born in 1894, Bhatnagar got his B.Sc degree from Punjab University in 1913. He did his first research work for his MSc degree on the subject of surface tension.

Bhatnagar spent 16 years in Punjab University as a professor of physical chemistry and Director of University Chemical Laboratories. During this time, he did considerable work in applied chemistry, solving industrial problems such as developing process for converting bagasse into cattle feed, using Indian gum to lowering the viscosity of the mud in oil drilling operations and studying applications of magneto chemistry.

During the British Raj, the government was reluctant to set up a separate department for scientific and industrial research in India. However, Sir Arcot Ramaswamy Mudaliar, the last Diwan of Mysore kingdom, insisted on setting up a board. Due to the efforts of Mudaliar and Bhatnagar, the CSIR was established as an autonomous body in 1942. Under Bhatnagar’s able leadership, CSIR set up 12 national laboratories such as the Central Food Processing Technological Institute, Mysore, the National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, the National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, the National Metallurgical Laboratory, Jamshedpur, the Central Fuel Institute, Dhanbad. His association with Pandit Nehru enabled him to set up so many institutes, which was termed as the ‘Nehru-Bhatnagar Effect’ by Sir C.V. Raman!

Vainu Bappu

Indian scientists - Vainu Bappu | Scientificindia.net
Vainu Bappu | Scientificindia.net

Vainu Bappu is considered the father of modern Indian astronomy, who largely contributed to the establishment of the Indian Institute of Astrophysics. His is a case of like father like son! Bappu was born in 1927 to a senior astronomer in the Nizamiah Observatory, Hyderabad. Being a keen amateur astronomer, Bappu published various papers on variable star observations. After obtaining his Masters degree in Physics from Madras University, he joined the Harvard University on a scholarship.

At Harvard, Vainu Bappu discovered a comet named ‘Bappu-Bok-Newkirk’, after Bappu and his colleagues Bart Bok and Gordon Newkirk. He completed his Ph.D in 1952 and joined the Palomar observatory on the prestigious Carnegie Fellowship. There, Bappu and Colin Wilson discovered a relationship between the luminosity of particular kinds of stars and some of their spectral characteristics, which is today known as the Bappu-Wilson effect.

On his return to India, Bappu was appointed to head a team of astronomers to build an observatory at Nainital. He worked towards building a large indigenous optical telescope and a research observatory in India led to the founding of an optical observatory of Kavalur. In 1979, he was nominated as the President of the International Astronomical Union. Due to his efforts, India’s largest optical telescope, the Vainu Bappu Observatory was established in 1986, just after his death!

Yash Pal

Indian scientists - Prof. Yash Pal | The Hindu
Prof. Yash Pal | The Hindu

Prof. Yash Pal is an Indian astrophysicist who has made significant contributions to the study of cosmic rays, high-energy physics, astrophysics, and science education. Born in 1926 in Jhang in Pakistan, he got his Masters degree in physics from Panjab University in 1949. Later in 1958, he did his Ph.D from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, specializing in astrophysics.
Yash Pal started his career at the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, as a member of the Cosmic Rays group.

In 1973, Yash Pal became the first Director of the Space Applications Centre in Ahmedabad when the government set up the Department of Space. He later served on various administrative assignments such as the Secretary General of the UN Conference on Peaceful Uses of Outer Space, Chief Consultant for Planning Commission, Secretary for Department of Science & Technology, and Chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University. However, his role as the Chairman of the University Grants Commission (UGC) during 1986–1991 was the prominent one.

As the UGC Chairman, Yash Pal initiated numerous innovative programmes to improve the standards of higher education in India. During this period, he also made regular appearances on a TV show known as “Turning Point” on Doordarshan, which explained the great discoveries of science and explained scientific concepts in layman’s language. Similarly, he worked on “Race to Save the Planet”, an international TV series that examined the major environmental issues facing the world. No wonder he received the Kalinga Prize, awarded by UNESCO for the popularisation of science in 2009!

Factfile –
http://indiatoday.intoday.in
http://insaindia.org

Indian scientists – Unsung Heroes of Indian Science – Part I

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Google recently called for applications to its annual Google Science Fair competition held across the globe. Young students aged 13–18 years are invited to submit their innovations and scientific hypotheses. While we Indians constantly crib about lack of indigenous innovation, surprisingly, many Indian students have consistently figured in the top contenders since 2011!

Despite all the drawbacks in our educational system, the opportunities that urban youngsters today get to showcase their talent are immense. That reminded of those science exhibitions that we used to participate in the good old days, when lack of scientific temper among teachers was the biggest hindrance. Well equipped science labs in schools were kept under locks, while teachers struggled to explain scientific theories on blackboard!

While we Indians have immense pride in our cultural heritage and scientific innovation, it is hard to find the evidence on ground. Most innovative ideas, which are either created by a well-funded research institution or by a poor layman, lie unutilised by an apathetic society. This is clearly evident in the immense rejoice the nation felt about Sachin Tendulkar being felicitated with the Bharat Ratna award, while people asking “who is this scientist C N R Rao who is also getting Bharat Ratna?”

Indian scientists lost in history

The history of India is littered with numerous scientists and innovators who brought to light new discoveries or created inventions. On this National Science Day, let’s look at some of little known Indian scientists who excelled in their domains:

Yellapragada Subbarao

indian scientists Yellapragada Subbarao | Wikipedia
Yellapragada Subbarao | Wikipedia

Have you heard about India’s earliest known biochemist who discovered the function of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and the first cancer chemotherapy agent in the 1940s? Today, if the world doesn’t remember much about Yellapragada Subbarao, it could be due to his failure to promote his own interests. Born in Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh in 1895, Subbarao joined the Madras Medical College for medical studies after his intermediate education. Although he fared well in his written examinations, he was denied his MBBS degree, since he displeased his professor by wearing khadi surgical dress!

Later in his career, due to a chance meeting with an American doctor, Subbarao went to the U.S. to for doctorate studies at the Harvard School of Tropical Medicine. While studying there, Subbarao developed a method to estimate phosphorus in human body fluids and tissues, along with Cyrus Fiske. This led to the discovery of the role played by phosphocreatine and ATP as the energy source in the living cell. This discovery ensured that Subbarao’s name was listed in the biochemistry textbooks in 1930s. Since he was denied a regular faculty position at Harvard, joined Lederle Laboratories. There, he developed a method to synthesize folic acid, Vitamin B9, and the important anti-cancer drug methotrexate – the first cancer chemotherapy agent, which is still in clinical use!

A patent attorney was astonished to find that Subbarao had not taken any of the routine steps that are used by scientists to link their name to their inventions. His colleague, Nobel laureate in Medicine, George Hitchings said, “Some of the nucleotides isolated by Subbarao had to be rediscovered years later by other workers because Fiske, apparently out of jealousy, did not let Subbarao’s contributions see the light of the day!”

Birbal Sahni

indian scientists Birbal Sahni | Scientificindia.net
Birbal Sahni | Scientificindia.net

Hope you have heard of paleobotany, the science of studying the evolutionary history of plants and the identification of plant remains from geological contexts. India was blessed to have its first paleobotanist in the pre-independence era itself! Birbal Sahni was the foremost botanists who worked on studying plant species in India as well as the study of fossilised plants.

Born in 1891 in West Punjab, Sahni graduated from Punjab University in 1911. He joined Emmanuel College, Cambridge for his post-graduation, where he studied paleobotany and awarded the Doctor of Science from the University of London for his research on fossil plants. While he was studying at Cambridge, Sahni worked on revising a textbook of botany to suit the requirements of students in India. The Textbook of Botany by Lawson & Sahni became a widely read book both in universities of India.

Sahni returned to India in 1919 and joined the newly created Botany Department of Lucknow University, as its first Professor and Head, a post he held till his death in 1949. He also served as the Head of the Department of Geology in the university. He was also interested in geology, since he believed that palaeobotanical studies should be conducted in relation to the geological and geographical conditions under which the plants thrived. In 1946, Sahni founded the Paleobotanical Society which later established the National Institute of Palaeobotany in 1949. Sahni became the first Indian botanist to be elected as the Fellow of the Royal Society of London.

C R Rao

indian scientists C.R.Rao | Scientificindia.net
C.R.Rao | Scientificindia.net

Calyampudi Radhakrishna Rao, also known as C R Rao is an Indian mathematician and statistician, who is noted for his contributions to the foundations of statistical theory and multivariate statistical methodology. C.R. Rao was born in 1920 in Hoovina Hadagali, Karnataka. He did his M.A. degree in mathematics at the Andhra University and completed his M.A. degree in statistics from Calcutta University. He earned his Ph.D. in 1948 from Cambridge University under the guidance of R.A. Fisher, the father of modern statistics.

Later, C R Rao began working at the Indian Statistical Institute, where he worked until he retired at the age of 60. Under the direction the doyen of Indian statistics, P.C. Mahalanobis, he played an important role in setting up state statistical bureaus in different states of India. Further, C.R. Rao worked towards setting up the Central Statistical Organization and the National Sample Survey Organization, due to which India has one of the world’s best national statistical systems.

Among his best-known discoveries are the Cramér–Rao bound and the Rao–Blackwell theorem on the quality of estimators. Other areas he worked in include multivariate analysis, estimation theory, and differential geometry. His other contributions include the Fisher–Rao Theorem, Rao distance, and orthogonal arrays. Today, at the ripe age of 87, he is still active as the Director of the Center for Multivariate Analysis at Pennsylvania State University.

Continued to Unsung Heroes of Indian Science – Part II

Factfile –
https://www.googlesciencefair.com
http://www.iloveindia.com
http://en.wikipedia.org
http://www.crraoaimscs.org

Essence of being a Global Indian – Part II

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Continued from “Essence of being a Global Indian – Part I”

global-Indian-Culture-flag
Image Source

Sometime ago, we at Caleidoscope sought your opinion about the emergence of a “Global Indian” amidst us. The Global Indian mindset is too complex to define. To get a grip on it we asked some pertinent questions and here are some of the enlightening thoughts expressed by our readers:

4. By providing the Global Indians a platform to share their experiences with the nationalists,  are we strengthening the bond or are we increasing the economic gap?

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed – A common platform for bringing together people and sharing experiences is always a great idea. Global Indians can give a third person perspective, while the nationals can always give a battlefront perspective. Common concerns and disagreements would come into the picture too.

Anamika – One hopes that the gap is diminishing, but though more consumerism has reached the lower middle classes, there is still a huge discrepancy in the standards of living.

Ambika-Chauhan
Ambika-Chauhan

Ambika – The Global Indian should keep in mind that the nationalists believe that the principles that they swear by are in the interest of the nation’s betterment. Same goes for the nationalists. I believe that if both the groups share their fears, goals and vision clearly, and keep the nation’s development in mind, the gap can be reduced.

Devangini
Devangini

Devangini – Strengthening the bond, one generation at a time would be more like it. The influx of attitudes is what will help a new India emerge – an India where shared interests form the basis of socio-political work.

5. Culturally, festivals define India. Now living outside India, how important do Indian festivals feel? Are they really as important as they are felt in India?

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed – Festivities are in our blood, since we come from a plethora of religions and cultures, and this never seizes to amaze the average non-Indian. When other nationals ask about our festivals and the stories behind them, most Indians respond with a, ‘Oh, you didn’t know that?’ And since we are everywhere on the planet (even as Appoo, in the Simpsons’ universe), we take our baggage of festivities and local cuisine with us. Being one of the very few nations that can claim to have so many festivals and the authentic cuisine to our credit, we can easily spread the joy in whichever country we land. Festivals are all the more important when you’re not in India. It helps remind us who we are, where we come from.

Sangita-Garg
Sangita-Garg

Sangita – More so abroad especially in pockets that are craving for a taste of their roots or where these are a cause for community bonding.

6. Do you think that being a part of the modern society in India needs the adoption of western culture and western traits? Do you feel urban India is somewhere losing its cultural identity and giving way to western mix?

Shabber – Not necessarily. Western culture also has its own negatives. But we can look at adopting the best practices from the western countries such as: Keeping our surroundings clean and bring discipline in everything we do. We Indians are known to be indisciplined at whatever we do; be it following traffic rules or time management.

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed – Does ‘being modern’ mean you have to shun your cultural entity? If it can go hand in hand and it doesn’t contradict our beliefs and customs, there is nothing wrong in adopting from the west. Generally, in India, ‘being modern’ doesn’t go well with your traditions, your religion, and your values. But that is just because we choose to lose our identity for something that is necessarily not better that what we have. If being ‘urban’ means you have to speak with an accent and fit in 15 swear words in each sentence you speak, (which you wouldn’t imagine saying in your own language), you are just taking in trash from the west!

Anamika – I definitely don’t think one needs to ape everything Western. To learn good points from any society is always prudent, and to be multicultural in understanding is essential to become truly a global society. Plain aping the superficial behaviors and culture of western lands, if they are in no way worth emulating, should hopefully not be done. There is good and bad everywhere, and one only hopes people go for good core values, rather than following the crowd without thinking. Unfortunately, people often follow the ‘craze’ of the moment.

Ambika-Chauhan
Ambika-Chauhan

Ambika – I do believe that today’s generation is losing sight of the big picture when it comes to westernization. Having a smartphone, dressing in skimpy clothes, swearing at a younger age, disrespect for people and property, being all about consumerism; people try to get away with such acts by blaming the Western culture. Nowhere are such practices embraced. We as a country should know the difference between the positive and negative traits of the western world and apply them accordingly. Why can’t one see the good side of the Western world?

Devangini
Devangini

Devangini – The richness in Indian culture cannot be lost out to its evolution in keeping with the Western ideals. Taking the best from the West and retaining what’s ours is an advantage that we have – an advantage that we must continue to make use of.

Parting words – 

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed – Looking at it from another perspective, the world is shrinking. A global, cross-border culture is growing. It is a cultural mix with culturally acceptable norms of its own. It has a virtual entity as well, that spans across nations. Facebook has more people in it than a small European nation, it can be declared a nation with people and cultures from across the globe! Staying away from the rest of the world will isolate and make you less tolerable of other cultures, which history has taught us is never a good thing. The key is balance and knowing what is good.

Shabber – Urban Indian is at crossroads with the old Indian culture on one end and the western culture on the other. We do have our younger generation feeding on western junk food more than our staple food. There is a clash of ideologies at home where the parents come from old school of thoughts and their ward is more “modern”. But such clashes have existed even in the past. For example:

  1. During the Mughal rule, subjects had a major difference of opinion on which religion to follow
  2. During the British rule, we have had Indians working for the British at the same time we also had a majority of Indians fighting the British for independence.

The Essence of being a Global Indian – Part I

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https://spacebound90.wordpress.com/tag/indian-culture/
Image Source

Sometime ago, we at Caleidoscope sought your opinion about the emergence of a “Global Indian” amidst us. The Global Indian mindset is too complex to define. To get a grip on it, we asked some pertinent questions and here are some of the enlightening thoughts expressed by our readers:

1. India can be termed as a country where, the medieval and the modern go hand in hand. Can we reduce this stark contrast, if yes, how?

Abhishek Mukherjee
Abhishek Mukherjee

Abhishek Mukherji (services industry professional) –

We can never reduce this difference. The primary issue in the country is lack of education, hence lack of jobs and lack of progressiveness.

Shabber Sait (Businessman based in Bangalore) –

This stark contrast has more to do with political strategies and bureaucratic negligence. Major part of the rural India – which is treated as a vote bank – has remained backward due to the lack of will from elected representatives and high-handedness of bureaucrats. Politicians don’t visit their constituencies even once after getting elected, which gives the bureaucrats a free-hand to indulge in corrupt practices. Education and rising awareness in villages will soon make people fight for their rights, which is what the political parties don’t want to happen.

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed Ibrahim (A global Indian living in UAE) –

The ‘stark contrast’ is the summary of what is fundamentally wrong in how our society is structured. The needs of the elite are catered to, while the poor are disregarded. Building sky scrapers are preferred over laying water pipes, building hospitals, schools, etc. The elite are actually a minority; the real India is still the average person who cannot hardly afford three meals a day.

Ambika-Chauhan
Ambika-Chauhan

Ambika Chauhan –

The bipolar-lifestyles concept is what that gets us into troubles. I believe in respecting our traditions and culture, but I do believe that the positive factors from the ‘Modern Culture’ should be introduced among people who continue to get baffled by such new trends. I believe that through videos, classes, interactive sessions that focus on the youth, we can educate them about the pros and cons of adopting the new culture and merging it with the Indian values. If we can’t encourage people to practice the Western norms, we can encourage them to accept those at least.

Devangini
Devangini

Devangini Mahapatra (design consultant) –

In India, variety is definitely the spice of life. Unlike any other country across the globe, there are many urbanites for whom a ticket to a movie every weekend is no big deal, while about half the rural population would not afford to watch a Hindi movie in theatres. The complexities in the urban and rural parts of India can be met through a more diversified, population, socio economic and culture-based reach of infrastructure. This will need planning at various levels for both rural and urban India, so as to bring them on par with global standards.

2. Does the Global Indian really connect with and understand the issues plaguing India? Does he/she just have an opinion like everyone else does?

Shabber –

The global Indian is frustrated today. He/she is well travelled and can see the difference in the countries that he/she visits. Social awareness and participation is far higher today. The generations that passed by, neglected core issues pertaining to public policies and left them to the political parties. The Global Indian is also opinionated and does not hesitate to speak up or stand against injustice.

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed

The great majority of global Indians are, essentially people who left their home country in search of better lives, simply because their homeland failed to provide them. The average expatriate population that brings revenue into the country, is equally nostalgic and patriotic, simply because they see the real worth of their country from a third person’s perspective. They do have opinions about every socio-economic situation back home; whether or not they act upon their opinions is a different thing.

Ambika-Chauhan
Ambika-Chauhan

Ambika

I believe that Global Indians would mostly have a balanced opinion about different issues that loom over our country. Global Indians most likely have seen extreme conditions: right from the urban, electronics-ruled, convenient life; to the villages, the ‘backward’ mentalities, the lack of provisions and basic necessities. So a person who has experienced a little of everything would have an open mind and better solutions to the different problems in India.

Devangini
Devangini

Devangini

No, unfortunately, the Global Indian at Cannes, or the one leading the NRI life, or even a college kid in Mumbai busy chatting on Facebook, is unaware of the real problems plaguing India. They think lack of electricity and water in rural India today is a Lagaan-type dramatisation of issues.

3. Does the latest update on Section 377 about Homosexuality change the opinion about the Indian society?

Shabber

The SC verdict speaks more of how outdated our judicial system has become today. We are still following the laws that were drafted in the 1960-70s. The judicial system of our country needs a revamp.

Mohammed-Ibrahim
Mohammed Ibrahim

Mohammed

When it comes to matters of sexuality, it is always comes down to individual choice. The nation should not have anything to do with it unless it affects another person. Just because a man prefers to have sex with another man, it need not be deemed as right. But, given that argument, if it is with mutual consent he or she should not be denied any rights as a citizen. If religion comes into the picture, it is a whole different story. Homosexuality is an anomaly of nature. It is a subject that concerns a very minute percentage of humanity. There are far worse reasons of concern for us. We as a nation should not worry about an ‘image’ but instead hold high what we believe is the right path.

Anamika (Teacher in Boston) –

This does not really change my opinion of India. India has a long way to go in so many areas. Yet, in so many ways it is an amazingly tolerant society, particularly if one considers the several different types of diversity it has carried along over thousands of years! Homosexuality poses problems in many countries, even in the ones that technically accept it. It again rests on individuals to believe in “live and let live”.

Sangita-Garg
Sangita-Garg

Sangita Garg

No, people have become more tolerant about the changes that take place on a social front. Again, this is a universal issue not specifically limited to India.

Ambika-Chauhan
Ambika-Chauhan

Ambika

I believe that it just goes to show how our society refuses to roll with change and believes that one still needs to be controlled by higher authorities, even when it comes to personal choices. Being gay was considered taboo anyway, making it illegal just brought our country to a new low.

Continued to “The Essence of being a Global Indian – Part II”