Philosophy shapes art, which in turn shapes philosophy. Interoperating, the two concepts continue their unending traversal beyond temporal boundaries.
When theoretical considerations of a philosophy are complex and demand absolute attention to details, it is art that works as a communication medium. Indeed, along with literary sources, art is another noble source of interpreting and understanding philosophy. And with Buddhism, this becomes peculiarly evident.
The Buddha and the Buddhist philosophy have always been subjects of interest and admiration, and have left an indelible mark on human lives. Over the centuries, not only the life events of the philosopher, but even the Buddhist canons – affluent with moral and philosophical discourses and theories – have given way to several artistic conceptualizations, including narratives, sculptures and inscriptions.
In fact, Buddhism has been one of those philosophical domains, where artists have been leveraging their imaginative instincts prolifically. This has only helped in channelizing the virtues and the moral thoughts enshrined in the Tripitaka, the holy Buddhist corpus.
Episodic elaborations and regional adaptions characterize Buddhist art. However, notionally, the art remains independent of these contextual elements, as in each case the message that it conveys aligns perfectly with the original philosophical constructs.
A classic example, amongst myriad depictions, is that of Mara’s assault on young Siddhartha. May it be the Gandhara frieze or the Ajanta mural, philosophically, the art depicts Siddhartha’s mental encounter with his own senses, while crossing the materialistic boundaries before reaching enlightenment. It exhorts the viewer to be unflinchingly determined in not succumbing to recurring passions and desires.
Two different depictions of Mara’s assault: (Left) Gandhara; (Right) Ajanta
Intriguing Sanchi sculptures that have kept arousing the enthusiasm of archaeologists and art historians are a surviving symbol of not just extraordinary craftsmanship but also of a strong philosophical acumen. At Sanchi, each artistic element is heavily perfused with philosophical essence. The narratives of Mahakapi Jataka and Vessantara Jataka, amongst others, engraved on the toranas (gateways) of the stupa corroborate strong scholarly instinct. While granting accessibility to the pradakshina patha, the toranas prompt us to act with selfless devotion, as the character of Bodhisattvas highlights in these tales.
Mahakapi Jataka depicted through synoptic narravtive at Sanchi: The monkey king sacrifices his life to protect the fellow monkeys.
Not just the art even the Buddhist thoughts are no less reflective in the Mahachaitya of Amravati or the ruins of the great Nalanda. Surviving the ravages of time, these monuments have silently borne the human onslaught, signifying that despite odds we must remain undeterred.
In its prime during the Ashokan era, the art entered a new phase and perfectly amalgamated with philosophy and literature. Profusely disseminating wisdom, the dynamic Ashokan edicts haven’t been deterred by geographical barriers and have continued to keep the Buddhist ethics immortal.
The principles of compassion and oneness that are deep-rooted in Buddhism find themselves translated into acrylic representations like the one that depict the Buddha meditating in the deer park. Showing the peaceful coexistence between two different species – the human and the deer, the scene exemplifies the Buddhist conservation-centric attitude that functions within the broader spectrum of deep ecology. The art does not miss to assimilate ecological aspects and brings to the fore the Buddhist egalitarian worldview that respects biodiversity.
(Left) Traditional depiction of the Buddha meditating in the deer park; (Right) New-age imagination of the Buddha’s stay in the deer park, highlighting his love for wildlife.
In the twentieth century, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar’s revival of the religio-philosophical theory sparks artists’ imagination, which coupled with admiration, fosters creativity that gives way to a new art form. Through different themes, the Buddha and Dr. Ambedkar are together depicted as savior of sufferers, pioneers of rationalism, proponents of goodness, preachers of compassion and apostle of good human relations.
Aniconic forms dominated the early Buddhist art, but its wider implications can be interpreted in modern times too. The Buddhas of Bamiyan are standing instances of the fact that they didn’t suffer destruction but only acquired an aniconic form. Ironically, the destructive force itself became a thing of the past, but the aura of the serene Buddhas still permeates the void at the site. So well does this correlate with the Buddhist law of impermanence which stresses that matter keeps flitting between forms and ultimately loses its existence.
Insatiable artistic quest for innovation in present times is highlighted by the magnificent Mahasamadhi Boomi pagoda at the ancient Buddhist site of Pauni, on the banks of the Wainganga in Central India. The huge meditating Buddha idol accompanies that of Dr. Ambedkar, indicating the contemporary significance of the two personalities, and their followers’ shaping of themes around the idea. The cylindrical core of the pagoda’s top tier bears abstract floral designs that symbolize moral values like purity, generosity and righteousness.
Mahasamadhi Bhoomi, Pauni: The Buddha meditating with Dr. Ambedkar
The dynamism inherent in Buddhist art lets creativity manifest into artistic variations, but it incorporates subtle philosophical elements statically to keep the underlying principles intact.
Demonstrating that endless artistic dimensions present endless ways to portray philosophy, Buddhist art is an epitome of the fact that philosophies, sometimes, are incomplete without art.
Who doesn’t love festivals? They bring everyone together and remain to be a true celebration of the culture and legacy of a place. The delicious food prepared doesn’t bother either. Festivals remain synonymous with excitement and happiness and when it comes to the incredible festivals of Karnataka, it is either go big or go home. Let us dive deep and acquire more knowledge about the culture of Karnataka, beautifully reflected by various holy as well as seasonal festivals:
Let us begin this colorful journey with Karnataka’s very own state celebration: Mysore Dasara, which memorializes the triumph of good over evil. This is a ten-day event that concludes on Vijayadashami, the day when the devil Mahishasura was defeated by Chamundeshwari (Hindu Goddess), per legend. Karnataka simply glows up with decorations resulting in it becoming a must-see during Dasara. The main event is the grand, in truly every sense of the word, the procession from Mysore Palace to Bannimantap. People dressed in vibrant clothing performing, the marching elephants who can only be described as majestic, and the fanfare of people gathered to behold this marvel in person is what attracts tourists from throughout the world to stay in Karnataka during Mysore Dasara.
The Hampi Festival (also known as Vijaya Utsav) rejoices the town’s rich history and typically occurs in October or sometimes even November. It honors the birth anniversary of renowned poet Purandaradasa. With the delightful vestige of Hampi filling in, as the marvelous scenery, the festivities happen yearly at the Virupaksha Temple. ‘Janpada Kala Vahini’ might just be one of the finest functions of this festival which involves various folk performances. Another appeal of this festival is the elephant march or the Jumbo Safari. Furthermore, it is graced by the presence of several renowned instrumentalists as it is, after all, considered a salute to the arts. The Hampi festival draws tourists from all around the world and is even thought to be the cultural center of Karnataka.
This exciting festival falls just a day before Ganesh Chaturthi and commemorates Lord Shiva’s wife and the mother of Lord Ganesha, the Goddess Gowri who is revered throughout the county for her capability to provide vigor and bravery to her devotees. The incarnation of Adi Shakti Mahamaya is thought to be the mightiest of all goddesses. In her remembrance, women dress in traditional clothing paired off with gorgeous jewelry. They perform a puja with suchi or cleanliness and devoutness for the goddess where she is offered a ‘bagina’ which consists of kum-kum, turmeric, bangles, rice, dal, etc. Another special attribute of this festival is that wedded women receive a gift called ‘Gauri Habadda’ from their family.
Now we move on to a festival I am sure we’re all familiar with, Ganesh Chaturthi. This festival typically occurs between August to September. During the ten-day festivities (from Shukla Chaturthi to Anant Chaturdashi), you can see temples throughout Karnataka beautifully ornamented with flowers along with clay models/sculptures of Lord Ganesh to commemorate his resurrection to life. The principal dessert of this festival is Modak which is said to be loved by Ganesh (and everyone else!). Karanji is yet another famous sweet prepared for this celebration. Every shrine and every home worships Lord Ganesh during these auspicious ten days after which he is submerged into the water.
The rural town of Pattadakal was the Chalukyas’ secondary capital and is renowned for its shrines which are a definite must-see because of their magnificent carvings and constructions, of which the majority are devoted to Lord Shiva. The shrines also beautifully reflect the characteristics of the architecture of the Chalukyas. This commemoration rejoices in their beauty and wonder. Various fine art and dance events take place which attracts performers as well as tourists from the entire country. It usually occurs in January and continues for three days. The Craft Mela, which showcases the handicrafts of the region, is the spot-to-be for any art lover.
6. Ugadi
Ugadi or Gudi Padwa is another extremely infamous festival of Karnataka that observes the new year as per the Hindu calendar. It commemorates the ‘beginning of the new age’ of the Telugu and Kannada people. It typically falls in either March or April. People shop in large amounts during this time and it is also regarded as a favorable occasion to commence a new business. The residents of Karnataka clean and decorate their homes. Furthermore, they wake up early on the day and wear traditional apparel along with jewelry. They go to temples to pray and consume a special meal referred to as ‘Bevu Bella’ which consists of Neem flowers, un-ripened mango, salt, green chilies, and jaggery.
7. Karaga Festival
Image/Wikimedia
This incredible festival is predominantly remembered by the Vashnikula Kshatriyas Thigala society (society of gardeners) in the memory of Goddess Shakti and takes place at the famed Dharmarayaswami Temple. The demonstration involving an earthen pot, ornamented with flowers, borne over Goddess Shakti’s head is the main appeal of this festival. According to legend, near the conclusion of the Mahabharata, a sight of hell was unconcealed to the Pandavas and at that point, Tripurasura, a demon, was not dead. Draupadi bore the form of Shakti to overthrow the demon with the support of an army of troopers (The Veerakumaras) who asked Draupadi to stay back with them. The folks of the Thigala society consider themselves to be their descendants and it is deemed that each year at the time of the Karaga Festival, Draupadi comes back to visit them.
The Kambla Festival might be arguably the most exciting of festivals celebrated in Karnataka. This buffalo race is a yearly event that starts in November and ends in March and is praised for its individuality. The spectators truly get a thrill out of watching this race which occurs at Mangalore. In this amazing race, two buffaloes are attached via a plough and they run splashing through the mud while being secured by a farmer. This festival is a symbolization of the commencement of the yielding season.
9. Vairamudi Utsavam
Image Courtesy – Gangadhar Channa
This festival honours Lord Cheluvu Narayana and is held every year in Melukote, Mandya district. The Vairamudi (diamond crown) donned by the goddess is a highlight of the event. The crown has a specific meaning and should not be exposed to direct sunlight. It is carefully preserved, and in the evening, the temple’s top priest lays the crown on the deity’s head, followed by a magnificent procession. This procession continues into the early hours of the morning. It brings the quiet town of Melukote to life with its grandeur and majesty. The celebration lasts 13 days, and preparations begin a month in advance. For Vaishnavites or worshippers of Lord Vishnu, this is a significant event. The big event takes place in the months of March and April, and it is entirely funded by the district government. Every year, nearly 400,000 devotees attend this event.
10. Tula Sankramana
Image – Yathin DA
Tula Sankramana is the first day of the Kodava community’s Toleyar month. The Kannadiga people revere the Cauvery River, which has a notable meaning for them. The festival is held to celebrate the rice harvesting season. On this day, it is said that the goddess Cauvery emerges from the water to bless her worshippers. Thousands of people gather near the Talacauvery river on this day to see the rising water levels. They then bathe in the sacred river, which is thought to be auspicious. Around 100,000 people from all across Karnataka assemble in the Kodagu district on the 17th of October to take part in the celebrations.
Every 12 years, in the town of Shravanabelagola in Karnataka, India, a very important Jain festival is conducted. The 17.3736-meter-tall statue of Siddha Bahubali is sanctified during the event. As the ceremony gets underway, devotees shower blessed holy water on those who have come to participate. The statue is then washed in liquids like milk, sugarcane juice, saffron paste, and sandalwood, turmeric, and vermilion powder. To reach the massive statue, the Jain nuns hike up the Vindhyagiri highlands.
Petals, gold and silver coins, and valuable stones are among the offerings presented to the figure. The event in 2006 concluded with a flower shower from a helicopter onto the monument, which spectators jumped up to capture as a blessing. The last time this festival was held was in 2018.
12. Kannada Rajyotsava
On November 1st, 1956, the state of Karnataka was established. The Karnataka state flag is hoisted by the Chief Minister of the state, and the governor addresses the people of the state on this day (a declared state holiday). The official yellow and red state flag is frequently seen flying over various government and private establishments. A cultural gala is usually held in a huge stadium, and numerous prizes are presented to persons who have excelled in their disciplines. The Chief Minister also bestows the Rajyotsava award, which is the highest state honour. Traditional dances are performed, the state flag is hoisted everywhere, and sweets are handed out. Karnataka residents of all faiths take pride in the holiday and celebrate it joyfully.
Sri Vithappa Fair is one of Karnataka’s most well-known fairs and festivals. Every year on the 14th or 15th day of the month of Aswija, the celebration is held. The fair, which has been held in the town of Vithappa for over 200 years, is a yearly event. It is a three-day festival in honour of Lord Vithappa, which includes a spectacular parade with a palanquin carrying the god’s idol and drummers. The fair attracts people from neighbouring towns, and an animal is sacrificed in front of the god. The fair is of enormous religious and cultural significance, and it attracts people from all across the country. Puja is held throughout the festival, followed by a parade.
14. Makara Sankranti
In Karnataka and other parts of India, this is also one of the most well-known festivities. Makara Sankranti is a three-day event that heralds the start of the harvest season dedicated to the Sun God. The first day of the month is known as Boghi, and it is the last day of the Margashirsha month, during which all of the household’s old goods and clothing are burned. To greet the new month, the residences are decked with rangoli and a new vessel for preparing traditional sweets is introduced to the family. People make offerings to the gods, wear new clothes, and eat foods like Sweet Pongal, Sankranti Yellu, Payasa, Vade, and so on on the day of Sankranti. On the festival’s final day, rituals are performed to thank and pray for the cattle known as Kanu Pongal.
Ask a hundred people why we celebrate festivals and you might receive a hundred different answers. I choose to believe that it is because it gives us a reason to bond with our family, to come together and honour something that plays a vital role in our lives, our culture along with breaking the monotony of our everyday lives and relaxing in the haven of enjoyment created around us.
Karnataka is a state famous for its silk and sandalwood from Mysore, the tourist destinations of Hampi and Coorg, the Mangalorean Cuisine and so much more. And when it comes to awesome beaches, let’s just say that’s another one to add to the pros column. It is rightly said, “Life takes you down many paths but my favourite ones always lead to the beach.” Let’s go on a trip to some of the best beaches of Karnataka-
Situated near Mahabaleshwar temple, this beach is a rather perfect fit for anyone who yearns for solitude among the calming waves due to the secluded nature of the beach. This beach has a long white sand coastline where picnics are held or one can maybe grab a bucket and a shovel and build a sandcastle. Apart from this, Gokarna Beach also offers water sports such as jet skis and banana rides which is something that must be tried to get an immersive experience of the place. The beach itself is quite pristine and has a lot of shacks where you can relax and take in the marvellous view in front of view.
When it comes to this famous beach of Karnataka, I need not describe this one, for the name itself exemplifies it: it’s paradise on Earth. This beach, being the last beach along the Gokarna coastline, is also referred to as the Full Moon Beach. This beach is praised for its cleanliness and possesses a mesmerizing view. Adventure lovers need not worry because this place offers an amazing beach trek as well as water sports. Spent the whole day here and you don’t want to leave? The good news, you don’t have to, for you can set up a tent and camp there overnight.
Kudle Beach may just arguably be one of the best beaches to visit in Gokarna. Its picturesque beauty and charisma are what makes this beach special. Simply laying down and taking in the fresh air there is a cathartic experience. Don’t forget to pack your swimsuit because just one dip in these clear, blue waters will wash away any tiredness you might feel. For those of you who possess the courage for it, try out the exhilarating activity of surfing. Amongst everything else that can be done on this beach, there is to do at this beach, my personal favourite is taking a long walk along the lovely coastline at sunset.
This indeed beautiful beach gets its name from the fact that it resembles the shape of an ‘Om’ because of which it is also considered to be of great spiritual significance to the locals as well as tourists who come to visit this geographical wonder. This beach offers a scintillating view of the Arabian sea during sunrise and sunset. This beach, like any other, allows you to tap into your adventurous side by partaking in activities like speed boat riding, trekking, dolphin spotting, etc. If you’re a foodie, you can explore the local cuisine by eating at the various stalls at the beach that offer mouth-watering delicacies.
Feel the refreshing breeze on your face at Tannirbavi Beach. Located towards the southern end of Mangalore, your experience here will be the very definition of a relaxing day at the beach. It is also considered an amazing place for enhancing your swimming skills. A little-known fact about Tannirbavi Beach is that, visible from the coast are the remains of a ship that sank a few decades ago. Don’t forget to bring your camera because the sunset there is a sight you would want to capture.
This one on the list is the perfect choice for anyone looking to unwind. You can take a long walk or build sandcastles. Sure, it does not offer elaborate water sports but it will help you find comfort in simplicity. After all, there is a reason this beach is referred to as Nirvana Beach. The pleasant serenity and tranquillity of this place encourage one to take joy in one’s own company. It is highly recommended to take the ferry there for it is a little adventure.
Located near the Murudeshwar temple, this beach is an infamous destination for pilgrims as it is considered to be overlooked by Lord Shiva. The greenery (which consists of coconut trees) and gold adds to the impeccable beauty of this beach. It’s a great spot to have a picnic with your family. If you reach there early in the morning, you might just spot a kingfisher or a flying seagull which is why bird-watching is another popular activity there. A day at this beach will be exhilarating and an experience you do not want to miss out on.
St. Mary’s islands or the fabulous four are a set of four interconnected islands. (Coconut Island, North Island, Darya Bahadurgarh Island, and the South Island) Each of these possesses its own unique charm. One of the appeals of this island is the volcanic rock formations that attract a lot of tourists, especially geology enthusiasts. Legend also states that before reaching Calicut, Vasco Da Gama stopped here at St. Mary’s island. These islands are of great significance not only for their breath-taking beauty but also in various other spheres which adds to the attractions of these islands.
Surathkal Beach, on the Arabian Sea’s shoreline, is a tidy beach with immense visual beauty, located 19 kilometres from Mangalore Railway Station. The beach is frequented in the evenings and offers gorgeous sunsets views. Aside from the beach, the historical Sadashiva Temple is a must-see. When Lord Ganesha set Ravana’s Shivalinga on the ground, legend has it that Ravana attempted to pick it up with force, scattering a few pieces. Suratkal is believed to have received one of the linga’s fragments. A lighthouse sits on a tiny hillside near the Sadashiva Temple. Suratkal is also convenient to access by a daily bus service from Mangaluru.
Tilmati Beach is one of Karnataka’s most gorgeous beaches. The gritty black sand of basaltic rock on this small beach gives the shore a dark appearance. Tilmati refers to sesame sand or sand that resembles sesame. Waves crashing onto the basaltic rocks that make up this region are expected to generate this 200-meter expanse of black sand. It’s an ideal spot for a picnic. It is one of the state’s most unique coastal forestlands due to the richness of plant and animals near the ocean. Visitors can also pitch a tent on the rocks or adjacent slopes to spend the night. Kayaking, rowing, pedalling, and nature walks are among the activities available. The high-speed boat ride is a must-see spectacle. Other activities that kept guests occupied during the day include rock climbing, dolphin watching, bird watching, and a cruise ride.
Malpe Beach is located at the foot of the Udyavara River, also known as the Malpe River by the locals. Malpe Beach is still relatively undeveloped and unfrequented by tourists, with its silver-white sands and jagged islands. It’s a great place to visit in Udupi for people who prefer to enjoy being on the beach alone.
The infinite expanse of golden sand, gracefully swinging palm trees, brilliant blue sky, and cold waves of the Arabian Sea combine to create the ideal setting for a memorable vacation. Aside from that, the beach offers a wide range of adventure and water sports. Jetski, banana rides, speed boat trips, water scooter rides, surfing, and other water sports activities are available. Malpe Beach is also home to the well-known Spring Zouk event, which features some incredible DJs, art, cuisines, and culture and serves as a major tourist draw. It takes place in the month of February. The greatest season to visit Malpe is from October to January when the weather is pleasant and clear skies allow you to get the most out of your stay by participating in all of the activities.
Ullal Beach is a magnificent beach located to the south of the Nethravati River on the Arabian Sea coasts, about 10 kilometres from Mangalore Railway Station. This is one of Karnataka’s best and most developed beaches, as well as one of Mangalore’s most popular tourist hotspots. Ullal Beach is also the calmest and most serene beach in Karnataka. The sunsets on this silver-white sand are strikingly lovely when viewed through the casuarina woods. Two of the most popular beach activities are sunbathing and swimming. The sunsets on this silver sand beach are particularly beautiful when viewed through the casuarina woods. Swimming and sunbathing are two of the most popular beach pastimes. At Ullal Beach, you can participate in a variety of water activities. Summer Sands Beach Resort, in Ullal, is a favoured picnic spot. The beach is close to the Ullal Bus Station, which is readily accessible from Thokkottu through Kerala Road.
13. Devbagh beach
Devbagh Beach is one of India’s most fascinating beaches, as well as one of Karwar’s top locations to visit.This unique island beach is bordered on one side by the huge Arabian Sea and on the other by the dense Western Ghats. The Arabian Sea’s bright blue seas and the range of casuarina trees along the beach are characteristic of this endless stretch of golden sand. In 1916, the renowned poet Sri Rabindranath Tagore paid a visit to this location because of the natural beauty.
Devbagh Beach is noted for its water sports and entertainment as well as its cool breeze and golden sands.nd other water activities are popular here. Devbagh Beach Resorts, which are located near the beach, provide several activities. From the point where the river meets the sea, one can take a cruise up the Kali River. Here, visitors can also enjoy the exquisite flavour of fresh fish.
Beaches are truly synonymous with calm, peace, and relaxation (something we could all use a little bit of). To be on any one of these beaches right now, would be the equivalent of being in heaven on Earth. It is during these times that we have to cling to the hope that we will. Hope is believing that there is light at the end of this tunnel of darkness and that very soon you might be frolicking around in the beautiful beaches of Karnataka and making sandcastles, even if they were to get washed away by the waves a mere few minutes later. So, on that note, see you at the beach. Don’t forget to pack your sunscreen!
Do you want to clear your head and lose your anxiety in the wilderness while also getting in some exercise? Do you want to take the road less traveled? Well then, trekking is the activity for you! Feeling adventurous and bold? I certainly hope so, because today we are going to take a trek through some of the best trekking places in Karnataka!
Imagine yourself in a place surrounded by beautiful flora and fauna. You see a peacock spreading its feathers and a deer running in the opposite direction. You look around to observe misty valleys, grasslands, streams, and rolling green hills. That is the experience you will receive trekking in Kudremukh. Located in Chikmagalur, Kudremukh should be any nature lover’s go-to destination for trekking in Karnataka.
If you are up for a challenge, then the Tadiandamol Trek, the trail to the highest peak in Coorg is perfect for you. This breath-taking journey will include grasslands, shola forests, and waterfalls. It is one of the best trekking places in Karnataka, especially for beginners just starting, and is appreciated for its marvellous and well-maintained track.
3. Hampi Trek
Image/Mahesh Pishe/Pixabay
Turn to the back of a fifty rupee note because our next destination is the UNESCO World Heritage Site: Hampi. There are various trekking routes in Hampi of which some of the popular ones are the Hemakuta Hill Trek, Matanga Hill Trek, and the Anjaneya Hill Trek. This trail is particularly an amazing option for anyone who wants to explore the heritage of this town that possesses a charming mystique.
Located in the mountains of Chikmagalur, it is also called the Dattagiri Hill Range, due to the shrine’s believed connection to Guru Dattatreya. This trail gets its charm from the beautiful kurinji flowers that can be found in the hills of the Nilgiris and the overall serenity of this place and can be a brilliant destination for experienced trekkers.
Situated in the Shimoga district of Karnataka, the Kodachari Trek remains one of the most popular trekking spots in Karnataka. The quaint trail of Kodachadri involving paddy fields in villages, forests, and grasslands, is what makes it a unique and memorable experience. If you’re lucky, you might even spot some rare species of animals such as the Malabar Langoor and Indian Rock Python.
6. Dandeli Trek
Image – Karthik Narayana/Flickr
The serenity of Dandeli, combined with the rich flora and fauna of the place truly makes you feel at home in nature. Kavala Caves trek, Kulgi-Nagzari Valley trek, and Potoli-Shiroli trek are some of the various trails there. Apart from trekking, Dandeli offers various other adventures as well.
Mullayanagiri, the highest peak in Karnataka, poses quite a challenge for trekkers due to its steep nature and is also regarded by some as ‘Mini Himalayas’. The journey may be difficult but what makes it worth it is the view at the top where you take in the beauty of the Western Ghats.
Anthargagne (meaning ‘The Ganges of the Deep’) is another incredible place for especially religious trekkers who want to climb this hill, surrounded by volcanic rocks. Considering that there are no options for accommodation, people who want to explore this trail can go for a night trek after pitching a tent.
This trail, known for the stupendous beauty of the mountains, valleys, and pristine gardens that can be witnessed on the way, is particularly suitable for beginners. One of the major attractions of Kemmanagundi is the infamous view from the Z point, which is a photographer’s dream come true. The various waterfalls on the way such as Shanti Falls, Hebbe Falls, etc. are a must-see.
10. Nandi Hills Trek
Image/Pixabay
An introductory course to trekking: Nandi Hills comes to mind. This trail is very popular among kids, mainly teenagers who deeply enjoy the approximately 4 to 5-hour trail offered here. The sense of peace achieved by walking around in the lush green gardens and over the boulders is ineffable. And the view is the cherry on top.
Rare formations of black limestone rocks have resulted in the formation of the enchanting Yana Caves. The walk through the forest is filled with greenery and is quite refreshing. It is considered by many to be the representation of nature at its best. The Apsarakonda Waterfall located nearby is also a sight worth seeing.
The Madhugiri trek is for daring and courage. One of the most famous among treks in Karnataka is the second-largest monolith in Asia and attracts tourists from all over the country. The must-see for this trail is without a doubt the rock dome, at the top of which is a fort.
To describe the experience of trekking at Shivagange, only one word is required: Magnificent. It is approximately 2500 feet high and is a great trail for both beginners and experienced trekkers due to the presence of railings. The place is filled with scenery that is an awe-inspiring and truly rich history.
A beach and village located in Karnataka near Udupi, it also possesses an astonishingly splendid trail. The beach trek from Bhatkal to Maravanthe is around 35 kilometers and is ideal for beginners due to the absence of hilly terrain and will provide you with an adrenaline rush.
15. Charmady Ghat Trek
Image/Manas Palker/Pixels
If you wish to appreciate nature’s pristine glory, then look no further for Charmady Ghat is the place for you. During this incredible journey, you can take in various waterfalls as well as tea and coffee estates. It offers you a variety of hills to conquer, some apt for amateurs and some for professionals, as per the steepness of the same.
If you want to get in a short trek before proceeding further in your exploration, then the Kunti Betta trail which takes about 1 hour and 45 minutes is the one for you. The view of the sunrise is breathtaking and an experience you don’t want to miss. You can also opt for a night trek and camp around the warmth of a bonfire.
17. Kudlu Falls Trek
The Kundlu Falls Trek is a true example of how the end makes the journey worthwhile. The waterfall is amazingly beautiful. What makes it unique is that you are allowed to get comparatively closer to the waterfall and there is a separate shallow pool that is rare for such tall waterfalls.
One of the most famous choices for trekking in Karnataka, it has a truly picturesque peak. Agni Gudda translates to Fiery Mountain due to the hill’s volcanic tendencies. A little-known fact about this hill is that it has been used as a shooting location for various Bollywood and South Indian films.
The hill-top forts built by Tipu Sultan acts as the main attraction of the Jamalabad fort. The trail is moderately difficult but the steps you climb will be awarded by the view at the top from where you can witness the surrounding scenic beauty and ranges.
It is a journey of about 350 steps from Talakaveri and takes around 3 hours. If you feel weary, then you can recharge yourself at the picturesque streams on the way. If you’re fortunate, you just might spot an elephant or a sambar with your pair of binoculars (Something that is recommended you carry to enjoy the full experience of trekking)
I am inclined to pack a bag and buy a ticket to Karnataka myself to get lost in the scenic beauty of these places and take a sabbatical from everyday life by partaking in the exhilarating experience that is trekking.
A young Kashmiri has set an example for youths in these trouble times. Salwat Hamrah, 32, is an entrepreneur, an adventurer, a yoga teacher and practises meditation.
On March 1, Salwat embarked on a 4,500-km cycle expedition from Kashmir to Kanyakumari called ‘Hope Monk – K2K’. This was his first such journey intended “to push my mental and physical limits” as he puts it.
His friend from Pune Saurabh Sharma suggested to Salwat to add a social aspect to his plan and the thrilling cycling expedition began. Salwat wanted to raise funds for the underprivileged children studying in the Wonder School being run by his banker-turned-educationist friend. Sharma and his colleague, football coach Ryan Roy Shah are training these five children, including two girls, to become professional football players. The Potter’s Earth Foundation, an NGO, is bearing the expenses of these children’s coaching and studies.
When Salwat started his adventure, he had not expected the second wave of the pandemic to rage suddenly. As he approached Gujarat in the last week of March, the cyclist realized that it would grow as major cities in Gujarat had started clamping measures. Determined to continue with his mission, Salwat peddled on.
“By the time, I reached Pune, cases were rising exponentially and there was weekend lockdown in Pune. We had planned a media interaction and I also wanted to spend some time with the children. However, I had to cancel that plan and headed towards Kolhapur,” said Salwat.
In Kolhapur, he had symptoms. So, he decided to take a pause in Goa and planned to cycle further. However, he tested positive for Covid-19. Unwillingly, he suspended the expedition mid-way. However, Salwat Hamrah had already covered 2,500 km and got valuable experience.
Even halfway through, he had achieved a lot as it was his first such expedition. Salwat shared a few interesting experiences that he had. “I reached Pushkar in Rajasthan. I was sitting on the bank of the Pushkar Lake when an old destitute old woman came and sat by my side. She had a small packet of biscuits and offered me biscuits. I got startled. She probably had to survive on that little packet that day and had magnanimity to offer a few biscuits, which one cannot imagine if one is hungry and has little food. I felt touched. This kindness of ordinary people, I experienced throughout my journey.”
Another experience he dubbed ‘magical’ and ‘miraculous’ on the very first day of his expedition. He had to travel to Banihal from Srinagar, a 110-km distance. However, cycling was tough due to the mountainous area. “After 25-km of ascending road, my knees were paining. When I reached Banihal, I could not cycle. I was limping and visited a physician. I underwent physiotherapy and got medicines but pain persisted. Then I got a call from my friend who is a Reiki master. She offered to help with Reiki. Any help at that point was welcome. I decided to give it a try. We had a video call in the evening. Next day morning, my knee pain disappeared. I do not know whether people would believe this, but it was a magical remedy,” said Salwat.
He added, “It was a beautiful experience. Some technical glitches in my bike were also fixed. If you decide to continue, things automatically fall in place. Had I decided to give up then, the trip would have ended on the very first day.”
Drawing parallels between a meditative state and the thrill during an adventure, Salwat said, “When you are rafting in a ferocious river current, you forget the past and future. You realise during a thrill that life is so beautiful. You are totally focused in the present moment, on rafting. This state resembles a meditative state. It helps you be in the present moment and face reality as it is. Thus, you are able to tackle challenges skillfully.” Salwat has been running his venture ‘Beyond Limits’ from Bangalore for the past seven years.
What do you get when you combine vivid scenic beauty, including various serene lakes and gardens, soft pashmina shawls, exceptional handicrafts, and apples so delicious, trust me, will spoil the rest for you? You get paradise on Earth. You get; Jammu and Kashmir and it’s a personal guarantee that folk dances region will captivate you with their charm. It’s shocking, nay, disheartening, that more people aren’t aware of this. So let’s fix that, shall we? Let’s take a look at some of the splendid folk dances of Jammu and Kashmir you must experience in the valley.
At the zenith of folk dances in Jammu and Kashmir lies the dance of Kud, which is executed by the inhabitants of the region at night gathered around the bonfire contributing to its ‘homey feel. This truly enchanting piece is considered a thanksgiving dance because it is presented to state deep gratitude towards the Lok Devtas (gods of the people). This piece is mainly by farmers who sometimes refer to the gods as ‘Gramdevta’ (the gods of the village) to show their appreciation for providing the people, cattle, and crops protection from natural disasters. What makes this piece extraordinary is its inclusive nature. The steps are quite simple and men, as well as women of all ages, enjoy the rhythmic dance of Kud.
Tourists also often join in and are overwhelmed purely because of the joy and merriment around them. It is normally performed by 20 to 30 members who are beautifully dressed in vibrant colors. The men wear kurtas and churidars, conventionally of the same color along with a turban while they are playing a melodious tune on the trumpet. The blend of music produced by the various instruments such as drums and flutes is a true representation of the culture of Kashmir.
An integral component of the ethos of Jammu and Kashmir, this mesmerizing dance was initiated by a society of Muslim Kashmiri women. It is presented by a group of women who stand in front of each other through its entirety. Their attire comprises beautiful traditional dresses paired off with exquisite jewelry. It is ordinarily executed during spring when the weather is quite blissful as well as on festivals such as Eid and Ramzan. Furthermore, it also celebrates the yielding season. The women rhythmically perform to the melody of mystical poems that comprise the music for this dance which is praised by all for its intricate footwork referred to as Chakri in the local language which can only be described as eloquent. That also forms the reason this dance has received recognition both nationally and internationally.
Another eminent dance form of Kashmir is Dumhal. The dancers comprise of the men of the tribe of Wattal, who execute this moving piece mostly on special occasions of merriment to the tribe itself. A bright and vivid robe with a conical-shaped cap that is decorated with ornamental beads forms the get-up for this alluring dance. The dancers apart from dancing also sing in a melodious chorus accompanied by drums. The specialty of this piece is that the dancers dig a flag/banner with a special message on it at the location previously decided and the performance commences with them dancing around said banner.
Hafiza forms an essential fragment of the Kashmiri culture. It is executed by Kashmiri women wearing bright-colored attire. The movements give the impression that they are quite simple. However, the reality is far from it for the dancers are trained and make it seem effortless. The dance is predominantly performed on the occasion of weddings. It is said that Hafiza has been inspired by Persian literature and Sufi philosophy and is danced to the melody of Sufi Kalam Music, the classical music of Kashmir. That is accompanied by a special instrument called ‘Santoor’ which is a stringed instrument and is played by a stick.
The Bacha Nagma Dance is a variation of the Hafiza dance which was thought to be ‘too intimate’ as per the Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir and was therefore banned. The dance’s origins can be traced back to Afghanistan. It is executed by young boys to disguise themselves as girls by the clever usage of long skirts and other colorful female attire along with makeup. It is usually executed on festive occasions such as parties and as well as during the yielding seasons. This dance was a very prevalent source of entertainment due to the loud music and the overall exciting temperament of the dance, during ancient times. The adolescent boys can impeccably imitate the steps and formations of the female dancers. They also sometimes sing by replicating the voices of girls, adding on to the ‘entertaining’ quality of it.
The Bhand-Pather is an infamous dance throughout Jammu and Kashmir. It is a dance with the twist that well, the dancers utter dialogues. When broken down into it, this play-cum-dance has three elements: Classical Instrumental Music, Dance, and Acting. The word Bhand refers to Clown and the word Pather means Celebration which indicates the humorous style of the plays. The music is produced by various instruments such as the dhol, nagara, and swarnai. It is executed typically on joyous occasions, such as festivals. In this dance, the men sometimes take up the parts of women and Muslims take up the parts of Hindus which teaches the audience the lesson of unity in diversity and embracing our differences. Unfortunately, its popularity is declining in the current scenario and therefore we need to take sustainable steps to preserve it and stay connected to our roots.
I have always been a firm believer in embracing your past and culture. However, it seems like not everybody shares the same opinion. The decline of folk dances and the shifting focus on contemporary dances is concerning, to say the least. It is the need of the hour to generate awareness about the same and encourage taking pleasure even in the simplicity and grace of folk dances. I truly hope that said realization is achieved via joint action by the community to protect the sanctity of our culture.
Footwear makes up for a massive part of both our wardrobe and our personality. All the different types of shoes available in the market have something that works great for everyone. No matter what occasion or what outfit you want shoes for, the footwear industry will have just the thing for you. However, while versatility in your footwear collection will surely go a long way, any collection is incomplete without a few shoes that go with anything and everything. Having some fashionable yet comfortable shoes that look perfect when paired with all types of clothing is very important, and there’s nothing that fills this role better than sports shoes for men.
While the history of sports shoes for men dates back as far as the 1800s, they have undergone many changes throughout the years. Having been a standard part of countless fashion trends, sports shoes for men are a favourite and have never changed. Sports shoes have been intensively developed and are now manufactured to rank high on many different aspects that make them so popular. Due to this, choosing the best sports shoes for men can be a tricky game to play. So, here’s a quick guide to how you can pick out the best ones for you:
Fit: This factor requires careful consideration as the wrong fit can lead to significant discomfort or even potential injuries. Measure the length as well as the width of your shoes and aim for one that fits snugly. It should not be too tight or too loose, and a bit of space between your big toe and the shoe is mandatory. If you’re buying sports shoes for men online, shop from sites like Mochi Shoes that have reliable sizing charts.
Comfort: The stability and fit all play a part in the comfort, so make sure you go for a textured outsole as those provide a sturdy grip to prevent any accidents. Look for cushioned footbeds to make sure the impact between your foot and the ground never hits too hard. Also, look for any tags or stickers on the inside of the shoe that can later be uncomfortable.
Material: Sports shoes for men are made of many different materials, and all of them can affect the weight, comfort, durability, etc., of your shoes. So, make sure you go for materials like nylon, polyester and even spandex. These are all flexible, stretchable, moisture-wicking and regulate the temperature in both cold and hot weather.
Purpose: While sports shoes for men are versatile, it is essential to remember that these come in various types, too. Consider your needs before you go shopping for sports shoes for men as the ideal pair for you will differ according to your requirements.
Along with these, style certainly plays an integral part in how well your shoes work for you, so don’t be scared of exploring different colours. Neutrals, vibrant colours, warm colours are all great, and you can shop for them in high-quality options from Mochi shoes. Get started!
Connaught Place is one of the eternally busy hubs of the capital. Life palpitates here. It is a fairly frenetic business centre, a shopper’s delight and a reunion hotspot for friends. The Georgian-styled buildings stand tall as the colonial hallmark; the ever-crowded shopping spree station Janpath and the peaceful Sikh temple Gurdwara Bangla Sahib are some places to come home to. Amongst these hustling-bustling hubs rests a small but utterly popular shakes outlet, formerly called Keventers.
If you are a true Delhite, you would be aware that Keventers has been the original server of flavored milk even before it was cool. Strawberry, chocolate, butterscotch, cold coffee, vanilla (and many more) are some flavours that customers still savour on. There is a nostalgia in their shakes that Delhites still resonate to. However, in the recent past there have been too many Keventers outlets around the city.
What led to such an expansion?
The recent branches around the city are not related to the old Keventers. In fact, the Original Keventers never was the Original Keventers (WHAT!). It was an eponymous franchise of the many Edward Keventer [Successors] Pvt. Ltd. that were set-up in the 1920s.
The story of Edward Keventer [Successors] Pvt. Ltd.
In the 1920s, Edward Keventers, a Danish dairy entrepreneur, decided to set up dairy manufacturing units in India. Within a decade he set up-eponymous plants in Delhi, Aligarh, Calcutta and Darjeeling. By the 1940s, Edward Keventer emerged as one of the prominent dairy manufacturers in India. After Independence, the dairy acquired Indian ownership, when Ram Krishna Dalmia bought the Keventer dairy project located in Sardar Patel Marg, Delhi from Edward Keventers’ son, Werner. Thereafter, the company is known by the name Edward Keventer [Successors] Pvt. Ltd.
R K Dalmia continually upgraded the facilities, focused on modernization and added newer variants and products. The latest milk bottling machinery manufactured in England called UDECK was added. To ensure freshness and purity, a pasteurizer made by a Swedish company, ALFA LAVAL was acquired, a reputed brand even used today in milk pasteurization.
To increase the company’s milk varieties a cream separator made in Westphalia, Germany was purchased. With this, they produced toned milk, skimmed milk, full cream milk, etc. With separated cream, they were also able to produce butter, therefore a butter churner SILKEBORG was imported from Denmark. Butter and ghee later became popular products. The final addition to the Keventers plant was NEDOU, the milk powder atomizer that enabled the conversion of milk into condensed milk powder. At that time these acquisitions enabled Keventers to develop into a leading manufacturer of dairy products.
Keventers condensed milk powder and milkshakes became known far and wide. In Delhi alone, Keventers had 48 distributors (Shake Square being one of them) and stockists, a distribution network that had grown to meet the increased demand for fresh Keventers’ milk. Through this wide network, milk, milkshake, ice cream and butter reached different parts of Delhi. Less perishable items such as condensed milk and milk powder were shipped to various markets throughout the country.
By the late 1960s, Keventers was equated with dairy excellence. All products had the ISI standardization mark as well as the AGMARK mark of quality. It is therefore not surprising that even the armed forces throughout the country, including such far flung places as Assam, relied on them for condensed milk and milk powder. Due to this, in 1969 the Lt. Governor declared in a written communication that Keventers was a Public Utility Undertaking.
Our typical ice cream cart all over Delhi was cream coloured with red borders, however the late 60s saw Keventers’ carts bathed in psychedelic colours. In the early 70s Keventers’ appointed an ad agency – Ad Infinitum – and launched various catchy and attractive slogans such as ‘I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream’.
At the Asia ’72 exhibition, the Keventers’ stall was very popular. They had many ice cream varieties in cups, cones and bars. One of the most expensive was cassata, with a triple layer of strawberry, vanilla and pista, resting on a bed of delicious spongy cake.
The butter they sold was wrapped in a cream and blue printed wrapper and was much in demand for its quality. For those who wanted the goodness of ghee there was nothing like Keventers. One of their most remembered products was their milkshakes. Attractive wide mouthed bottles containing nourishing Keventers’ milk arrived fresh and cool every morning all over the city, with water droplets forming over the bottles and red and blue aluminium foil caps. Three of the most popular flavours were yellow banana, pink strawberry and green pineapple. The name of Keventers became synonymous with dairy products in Delhi, for example, a milkshake was no longer referred to as a ‘milk’ shake, but rather as a ‘Keventers’ shake.
As the city of New Delhi grew and changed, so did the area of Chanakyapuri in which the factory was located. It became a prime residential and diplomatic area, rather than an industrial one. Keventers therefore was no longer allowed to run its dairy factory there. This proud dairy of Delhi which had been carefully planned and located next to its market, was forced to close its doors.
In 2015, Agastya Dalmia, the great-grandson of Ram Krishna Dalmia, along with his friends Aman Arora and Sohrab Sitaram, decided to resurrect the brand. The first outlet launched in March 2015 in New Delhi, India. Upon receiving an overwhelmingly positive response, they quickly expanded their outlets across 65 cities in India, Kathmandu (Nepal), Dubai, Sharjah, Nairobi (Kenya). The legacy lives on and a new chapter is being written in their story. (Source: https://www.keventers.com)
Name change and more
Keventers had not been in business since the 1970s, as stated by the now owner Agastya Dalmia. But the very popular CP branch had been active all this while. When Agastya Dalmia decided to bring the brand back to life, the unregistered Keventers branch in CP was already doing business. In an amicable settlement, the then Keventers decided to give up the namesake and rename their outlet as Shake Square.
More than 48 years of creation and serving of cult milk bottles teaches us the compliant ways of adhering to the new school of business. In 1971, Sh. K.L. Pahuja, founder of Shake Square, introduced the concept of flavoured milkshakes with his secret recipe of 7 flavours blending it with milk to get that pure bottle of happiness. (Source: http://shakesquare.co.in/about)
Despite all the inevident ruckus this may have caused the two entities and the consumers, shop #17 in Block A will always be reminiscent of the good ol’ days that breathed life.
How to reach: Get down at Gate 7 of Connaught Place Metro Station Location: Shop No. 17, Block A, Inner Circle, Connaught Place More about Shake Square: http://shakesquare.co.in/ More about Keventers: https://www.keventers.com/
The only Indian state with three capitals – Andra Pradesh is a boon to India. Packed with emerald greenery, soul-soothing rivers and serene temples, the state of Andra Pradesh lies on the southeastern coast of India. While it is widely known for its rice agriculture (also known as the ‘rice bowl of India’), Andra Pradesh is also well stocked with plenty of indigenous art and culture. The traditional dances of this state are highly regarded and are performed in several parts of India. Below listed are a few popular dances prevalent in Andra Pradesh that will make you fall in love with the state:
One of the 8 classical dances in India, Kuchipudi originated from the ancient text of Natya Shastra. The dancers are adorned with lovely, colorful jewelry and a traditional saree. The dance is pleasant to watch and contains both fast and slow movements. Along with vocals, the dance also consists of several instruments to create a musical sound, such as the veena or violin, the mridangam, and a cymbal player. Kuchipudi mainly plays the role of alerting people about the evil powers that exist in the world. Interestingly, it is said that Kuchipudi gets its name from a village with the same name.
Also known as Veerangam and Veerabhadra Nriyatam, this dance form is performed as a tribute to Lord Shiva. The men in this performance maintain complex and fierce positions to honor the incarnation of Lord Shiva, Veerabhadra. The interesting story behind the roots of this dance goes back to when Sati was humiliated by her father, Daksha. Legend says that after she sacrificed herself, Lord Shiva arose, furious and agonized, and gave birth to two forms; one of which was Veerbhadra. The birth of the two forms was followed by widespread destruction and loss. It is said that the descendants of Veerbhadra carry on this age-old dance to date. The dancers skillfully display the fury and tsunami of emotions that Lord Shiva felt after the death of his beloved.
A form of theatrical performance, Burra Katha is a narrative that includes dance, dialogues, poems, music, jokes, etc. The main idea behind the performance is to showcase the devotion of the dancers towards their God. It usually contains 3-4 dancers with only one (main) storyteller. To aid the music, the dancers play tambura and veena extensively throughout the performance. Originally done as a pastime in villages, Burra Katha now is also seen during festivals such as Diwali and Sankranti.
Andra Natyam is a dance form that was discovered about 2000 years back. Similar to Bharat Natyam, this dance form focuses more on the foot movements and facial expressions of the dancer. Due to its purity and sanctity, Andra Natyam is usually performed by temple dancers and it makes use of several musical instruments such as the veena, tanpura, manjira, and surpeti. Although this exquisite dance form was on the road to decline during the Mughal reign, it was fortunately revived in the 20th century. Both men and women can perform this dance.
This special dance is solely for the Telugu Devdasis. In simple terms, a devdasi is a woman who is married to the temple deity and is considered especially auspicious. The devdasis danced in the courts of kings for entertainment and to educate the people. They used dance, to convey music and knowledge of literature to people. In another instance, they would also perform for the illiterate audience and convey the knowledge and stories from the Hindu scriptures. This dance form was heavily scrutinized during the British raj and was condemned, however, people are now gradually reviving and honoring the Vilasini Natyam for its grace and beauty.
The epitome of color and joy, this dance form truly mesmerizes its audience. Butta Bommalu correctly means ‘basket toys’ or ‘dance of masks’ because this folk dance uses life-sized toy-like costumes, which are hollow from the inside. Wearing big, colorful clothing, the dance does not make use of sound. The performers simply imitate the characters, causing raging curiosity amongst their audience. Butta Bommalu essentially celebrates happiness during festivals. Therefore, the costumes usually vary depending on what festival it is. For example, the costumes of Hanuman, Parvati, Lord Shiva, and Ram are most likely to be seen.
The number of fascinating tribal communities in India will leave you awestruck! And to know about their cultures and traditions is cherry on top! The Lambadi dance is the folk dance of the Banjara community of Andra Pradesh. It is mainly done to celebrate and praise the Lord for a good harvest. While women are known to perform this tribal dance, men aren’t restricted to take part. Furthermore, the heavily embroidered clothing and heavy brass ornaments worn by the performers add to the beauty of this dance.
Known as the ‘Stick Dance’, Kolattam is prevalent in several parts of India with different names. The history behind the origins of this village dance form is highly interesting. The story follows the vicious and malevolent demon Basavasura who reaped havoc in the village. One day a group of girls performed the Kolattam dance routine in front of the asur. Basavasura was so enchanted by the graceful dance that he quickly relinquished his abhorrence. Moreover, it is also said that Basavasura was an incarnation of Lord Shiva, the destroyer. The beauty of the dance is enhanced by the bright-colored skirts of the dancers. They wear lovely jewelry and synchronize their footsteps to form a splendid dance pattern. Truly a treat for the eyes!
Dappu is the traditional form of percussion instruments. It uses a very simplistic drumming instrument. It is an integral part of many folk forms of performing arts and folk dances, especially the Dappu folk dance. Made of goatskin, a tambourine-like drum is struck with sticks producing a rhythm that is softened by the ankle bells that the 16 to 20 dancers wear. Dappu dancers are at the front of any procession, whether it be for jataras, festivals or marriages, this is truly a celebration of the percussive powers of dance. This invigorating art form hails from Nizamabad District. The performers in colourful make-up and even more eccentric costumes dance to the musical patterns set by cymbals, tabla and a harmonium. Mythological themes are usually enacted and the audience is rural folk.
Dhimsa is a dance which does not discriminate and is suitable for people of ages from the Valmiki, Bagata, Khond and Kotia clans – dwelling in the charming Araku Valley in the hilly stretches of the Vishakhapatam area. Tribals perform this dance during the months of Chaitra i.e March/April, at weddings and different events. During the celebrations, artists of one village visit the other to participate in the dance and join the community feast. Such is known as the “Sankidi Kelbar”. A remarkable aspect of the Dhimsa dance is that it encourages friendship and fraternity between individuals of various regions. This being traditionally an ancestral dance, womenfolk are attired in common ancestral dress and adornments and dance in gatherings to the tune of Mori, Kiridi, Tudumu, Dappu and Jodukommulu.
Tappeta Gullu is a devotional dance of Andhra Pradesh common in the districts of Srikakulam, Vizianagaram and Vishakhapatnam. During ancient times it was performed by cowherds and shepherds to entertain the Rain Goddess, Gangamma. At present, the dance is performed in all village festivals celebrated in honour of the deity. The vigour, rhythm and tempo of Tappeta Gullu is exceptional. The songs that are sung throughout the Tappeta Gullu dance are mostly in praise of Lord Vishnu. Tappeta Gullu is performed by a group of twelve to thirty men, who are dressed in a shirt, a turban and a loincloth. They also wear ankle bells. The performers of the dance are accompanied by Tappeta or gundlu, hung on the chest. It is a musical instrument comparable to a drum. The dance of Tappeta Gullu requires tremendous skill and muscle power. A vital characteristic of the dance is that while dancing the artists display rare skills in acrobatics. While performing, the dancers stand one above the other on the thighs and shoulders of each other and form the shape of a gopuram or a tree.
Bonalu began as a harvest feast gradually progressing into a procession dance. It is one of the folk festivals prevalent in the Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh. Celebrated in the month of Aashadha, according to the Hindi calendar, (which falls in the month of June or July) this festival is predominantly seen among Hindus. An intriguing thing about Bonalu is that women participate in the procession carrying ‘Ghatams’ or ornamented pots filled with flowers on their heads. The women devotees also carry brass vessels or clay pots filled with cooked rice and adorned with neem leaves. In the procession, men accompany the women devotees by playing the drums and go to worship the local deity. Dressed in multicoloured dresses they balance the pots to the rhythmic songs and tunes, sung in glorifying the village deity Mahankali. The male dancers are known as Potharajus, lead the procession by lashing whips and neem leaves.
It is rightly said by our forefathers that dance is the language of the soul. Performed for thousands of years, these folk dances speak of ancient cultures and traditions which have been carefully preserved and treasured. These dance forms and folk arts form an integral part of our identity. By knowing these traditions, we can know what our age-old culture holds for us. We need to carry these dance forms forward and pass this gold on from generation to generation. After all, we owe it to our forefathers, don’t we?
Chipping and shaping stone and metal into figures and objects and bringing them to life is no mean task. The sculpture is an Art form that has continually been the center of attraction. The emergence of this art form dates back to the traditional past, once when the civilization was in its developing stages. As time marched on, Indian sculpture has flourished and evolved an excellent deal. Since the first ages, Bharat sculpting has undergone completely different phases through experimentation and sensible superior skill. With its potentialities in its varied dimensions, Indian sculpture found an equal footing with alternative two art forms — painting and handcraft. The current article is aimed toward educating those that have the interest to understand the techniques, individualism, and also the intricacies of the world-renowned Indian sculpture of each past and gift.
With its abundant history and cultural richness, India is home to several fine specimens that are unit testament to the distinctive ability of these estimable sculptors. World Health Organization introduced new designs and forms. With its original firmly entrenched into the traditional timeframe of Indus depression Civilization, Indian sculptures depict completely different histories concerning themselves that provide the United States a way of understanding the amount.
Majorly inscribed from stone, earthenware, and bronze, these celebrated Indian sculptures represent an era that left its marks because of the proof of their existence. Sculptors have a skill of persisting over their task creatively and adding meaning to a piece of otherwise, shapeless object. Sculpting in India, is in fact, pretty ubiquitous as we are surrounded by sculptures, some of which we hardly seem to recognize or register. Statues and sculptures have always been important landmarks, showcasing the symbolization of ideologies and personalities. And sculpting of religious deities and structures is inherent to the spiritual structure of the nation’s religious and cultural society.
One of the finest sculptures dates back to the Indus Valley Civilization. The Dancing Girl of Mohenjo- Daro is more than 4000 years old and is an exquisite piece of metal sculpting along with a few other stone and bronze sculptures. The earliest sculptures to be standing in their place of creation were formed during the reign of Ashoka. Where the Mauryan Empire created wonderful statues that to date are symbols of integrity. The Ashoka Pillar, Yaksha Statue, sculpting on Shanti Stupa, and many other Buddhist and Jain statues still exist.
Next were the Cave Temple arts, immortalized by the Temples of Khajuraho, as well as, the bronze sculptures of religious deities during the Chola Dynasty reign in southern India.It was only during the colonial rule that sculpting shifted focus from religious figures to making statues of real people. The statues of Queen Victoria and various governors-general were erected, as well as, there was a heavy foreign influence in subject and style during the British rule. Post-Independence has seen the advent of modern sculptors that include DP Roy Choudhury and Ramkinkar Baij.
Sculpting deities and religious heads have been and continue to be a big part of Indian sculpting. Idol worship is one of the fundamentals of the Hindu religion and in temples across the country. The deities and sculpted with a lot of care and reverence. In many specific festivals, such as Ganesh Chaturthi in Maharashtra or Durga Puja in West Bengal, the idols are prepared for months by skilled artisans using various kinds of raw materials.
Similarly, Buddhism also has contributed to the development of religious sculptures. Many statues of the Buddha in various poses and stances are spread across the monasteries and Buddhist centers. Some of these include the Great Buddha in Bodhgaya, Reclining Buddha, and the Standing Buddha in Sarnath. Besides, the statues of Buddha, the Buddhist style of sculpting are also recognized in various places. Such as the Indian Emblem and Ashoka Temple. Again, Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism styles have given us gems, such as the Ajanta Ellora Caves.
Religion and mythology being the foremost common subjects within the medieval age, most of the Indian sculptors found them engraving temple walls and etching rocks into prodigious bodies of Hindu and religious belief deities. As time marched on and completely different artworks emerged, Indian sculpture additionally began to evolve clutches newer techniques and approaches. The sculpture within the medieval era shifted a lot towards the portrayal of the modern social life vogue. Besides, it adopts several foreign influences, while not rejecting Indian attributes.
During British rule, the focus of sculpting shifted to building statues of important people. During the early British rule, the statues were placed within churches. For example, the sculpture of Lieutenant-Colonel John Campbell in St. Thomas Cathedral in Madras. English sculptors also built monuments, memorials, and government houses which are iconic landmarks of cities, such as Flora Fountain in Mumbai or Victoria Memorial in Kolkata.
Modern sculptures found a unique place that was influenced by its all predecessor generations, yet matched with its age and time. Many are credited with forging nationalist sentiments with their works during the Independence struggle. Ramkinker Baij is considered one of the most prominent sculptors of this time and is credited with amalgamating the western and traditional styles to form a modern outlook. The famous Santhal Family, his sculptures of the Bengal Famine, and Dandi March are some examples of his excellence.
Some other big names in the modern sculpting field include DP Roy Chowdhury known for his sculptures of the Triumph of Labor in Chennai. Fanindra Nath Bose, VP Karmarkar who sculpted the bronze 13 feet high Shivaji statue in Pune, and more. For those interested in looking at the works of upcoming sculptors, a visit to the National Gallery of Modern Art of NGMA in Delhi can do wonders. One can witness the works of sculptors of our time, such as KS Radhakrishnan and Sankho Chaudhuri.
Sculptures, monuments, and statues in India are a large part of our physical city, village, and even tourist landscapes. They attract visitors, on one hand, devotees on the other, and at times, they just happen to be found on our road intersections too. They are found at our railway stations, at markets, and also in galleries. And thus it remains one of the finest and most accessible art forms of India.
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