Durga Puja – A Time to Celebrate the Goddess Within Every Woman

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Arindam Mitra – Arindam Mitra via Flickr

It’s that time of the year again, when anyone associated with Bengal in anyway, understands and looks forward to the Pujos. And though Durga Puja is well-known, its history and its modes of celebration are almost world acclaimed; there is a certain aspect of it that needs slight more elaboration. 

It’s that time of the year again! It’s the time when Durga comes to her parents’ home with her children. Yes, the annual home coming of the mother to her original home is celebrated in the very place that a few months ago was trending on social media because of another daughter claiming at her marriage ceremony that she wasn’t going to cry because, of course, she would be coming back often to her ‘maternal ‘home. 

This bride refused to acknowledge the age old ritual that once married; the daughter needs to call her husband’s home as her own. That her rights over her own home are diminished, just as her visits and her involvement in the family. Lauded by almost everyone, she set the tone and rhetoric for generations of past and present women who probably have the same thoughts and feeling, but are not able to neither express nor act in accordance. 

So how does Durga Puja figure here? Durga Puja is about the victory of good over evil, about the power of a woman who can destroy wickedness if she decides to do so. It is about a mother and the celebration of motherhood that sustains life and all creation in general. And hence, when Durga comes to her natal home from her divine abode in Kailash, there is something about her wholeness and her emotions that resonate with every woman. The spirit of Durga Puja is thus very special, because in spite of being a Goddess, Durga is a bit like every other woman. And every woman in turn is a bit like a Goddess herself. 

Image – Kaustav Bhattacharya via Flickr

There is a yearning for going home, a sense of celebration when one visits the place of childhood and growing up years, of meeting up with old neighbors and friends, of sneaking into the school and college of yesteryears and of catching up on gossip and truths left behind. It is a sense of homecoming that is hard to describe because in some sense it is home that remains so for only a couple of weeks before it is time to leave it behind to continue with what our lives really embroil. It could mean coming home after marriage, from a break at the university or from work. Yet, coming home signifies arrays of emotions that keep us grounded and remind us of whom and what we essentially set out to be. 

Durga Puja is perhaps an amalgamation of all such feelings. But yes, its major significance also lies on the lives of especially women. Who can forget Sindur Khela here? A ritual carried out on the last day of Durga Puja, is where married women smear the sindur on each other’s faces and on the feet and forehead of the Goddess. It symbolizes the woman protecting her husband and children from all evil and praying for a happy marital life. Recently, through various campaigns Sindur Khela has been opened up in certain sections to all women, including those who are widowed, unmarried, transgender or even those from red-light areas. 

Image – Wikimedia

The point is that Durga Puja is about prayers, about the coming together of people across religion, about creativity and art, about culture and social bonhomie. But it also about its daughters, daughter-in-laws, wives, sisters and friends. It is about establishing a course of life that sticks with the societal norms and yet finds its wings to fly back to the divine. In fact, it is always not about physically coming home or in reality doing away with an evil person. It is about finding what home means to you, about fighting the wickedness that we all are so susceptible to and to nurture and create something that is so beautiful that it becomes a part of us, as it grows with us. 

Here is wishing that every woman finds the Goddess that she truly is within her and has the courage to make any place home. That she spreads her love and care far and wide, yet fills her heart with these same emotions first. Because well, that is what she deserves – The pujo, the prayer that she seeks in Durga, is what she finds in herself too.

10 Best Attractions to Visit in Europe

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Best Attractions to Visit in Europe-01

Europe, a continent adorned with unparalleled cultural and historical richness, harbors a plethora of awe-inspiring attractions. Among these, the Louvre Museum in Paris reigns as an epitome of art and history, offering a glimpse of masterpieces like the Mona Lisa. The Eiffel Tower, an emblematic symbol of romance, provides breathtaking views of Paris. The Colosseum in Rome echoes the grandeur of the Roman Empire, and the Acropolis of Athens showcases Greece’s architectural prowess. Each site narrates tales of the past, promising an unforgettable exploration through time and heritage.

Louvre Museum, Paris, France

Louvre-Museum,-Paris,-France

The Louvre Museum in Paris, France, stands as a crown jewel among Europe’s attractions. Boasting a treasure trove of art and history, visitors can marvel at the enigmatic Mona Lisa, the majestic Winged Victory of Samothrace, and the elegant Venus de Milo. The Louvre Museum tickets offer access to a world of artistic brilliance, a journey through time and creativity that enchants and educates, making it an absolute must-visit destination for any art aficionado.

Eiffel Tower, Paris, France

Eiffel-Tower,-Paris,-France

If you’re planning a trip to Europe, the Eiffel Tower in Paris is an absolute must-see. As an enduring symbol of romance and architectural brilliance, ascending this iconic landmark promises breathtaking views of the City of Light. To make the most of your visit, consider booking Eiffel Tower tickets in advance, ensuring a seamless and memorable experience at this world-renowned attraction. Don’t miss this opportunity to immerse yourself in the magic of Paris from the heights of the Eiffel Tower.

Colosseum, Rome, Italy

Colosseum, Rome, Italy

Stepping into the Colosseum in Rome is akin to time travel, an immersion into the grandeur of the Roman Empire. This ancient amphitheater, a marvel of engineering and architectural prowess, whispers tales of gladiator duels and roaring crowds. Its colossal structure echoes the architectural brilliance of the past, providing a tangible link to the cultural legacy of ancient Rome. As you walk through the corridors and stands where thousands once gathered, you can almost hear the echoes of ancient cheers, and in that moment, history comes alive, painting a vivid picture of a bygone era.

Acropolis of Athens, Greece

Acropolis of Athens, Greece

Perched atop a rocky outcrop, the Acropolis of Athens commands attention as an iconic citadel. Within its ancient walls, significant architectural gems beckon, none more illustrious than the Parthenon. A journey through this historical site unveils the rich heritage of ancient Greece, showcasing their architectural prowess and the profound influence they’ve had on civilization. The Parthenon, a true crown jewel, stands as a timeless testament to the glorious past, inviting visitors to wander through history and grasp the enduring legacy of a civilization that shaped the course of human development.

Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain

Sagrada Familia, Barcelona, Spain

A true testament to Antoni Gaudí’s genius, the Sagrada Familia in Barcelona stands as a beacon of modern architectural marvel. This awe-inspiring basilica weaves a symphony of intricately designed facades and mesmerizing stained glass windows. Gaudí’s vision, reflected in every arch and spire, embodies a sublime blend of art, religion, and architecture. Stepping into this masterpiece is not merely a visit; it’s an encounter with the divine, a profound journey where craftsmanship converges with spirituality, leaving visitors spellbound by the fusion of artistic beauty and devout reverence.

Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England

Stonehenge, Wiltshire, England

Stonehenge, a prehistoric marvel shrouded in enigma, beckons with its ancient stone circles that bewilder historians, archaeologists, and visitors alike. The mystery that envelops this monument adds to its allure, leaving all who behold it in awe. A visit to Stonehenge is a journey back in time, granting a glimpse into the ancient world and the unparalleled architectural ingenuity of our ancestors. The standing stones echo an ancient saga, whispering secrets of a civilization lost to the sands of time, inviting contemplation and wonder.

Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria, Germany

Neuschwanstein Castle, Bavaria, Germany

Perched on a hill amidst breathtaking landscapes, Neuschwanstein Castle emerges like a page from a fairytale. Crafted by Ludwig II of Bavaria, this architectural gem seamlessly fuses Romanesque and Gothic styles, evoking an otherworldly charm. The castle’s ethereal beauty and historical significance render it an absolute must-visit in Europe. As if plucked from the realms of imagination, this castle transports visitors to a time of knights and castles, a realm where dreams blend seamlessly with reality, making Neuschwanstein Castle a timeless and enchanting destination.

The Vatican City, Vatican City

The Vatican City, Vatican City

Situated within Rome, the Vatican City is a spiritual and cultural hub, a sovereign city-state that holds immense significance. Within its confines lie treasures like St. Peter’s Basilica, the Sistine Chapel, and Vatican Museums, presenting a mesmerizing collection of religious art and history. Delving into the Vatican’s expanse is akin to a profound journey into the heart of Christianity and its rich artistic legacy. 

Prague Castle, Prague, Czech Republic

Prague Castle, Prague, Czech Republic

Majestically perched above the Vltava River, Prague Castle stands as one of Europe’s largest and historically paramount castles. Its historical saga, spanning over a millennium, unfolds through a myriad of architectural styles and an impressive array of palaces, churches, and gardens. A pilgrimage to Prague Castle grants a fascinating glimpse into the annals of Czech history and the opulence of royalty. This iconic castle encapsulates the nation’s past and present, echoing the footsteps of kings and queens, and narrating tales of triumphs and tribulations that have shaped the Czech identity.

Amalfi Coast, Italy

Amalfi Coast, Italy

Draped along southern Italy, the Amalfi Coast is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a true coastal jewel. Its mesmerizing stretch is defined by dramatic cliffs, quaint villages, and the azure embrace of the Mediterranean Sea. A sanctuary for nature enthusiasts and those entranced by coastal beauty, this region offers an exquisite tableau of natural wonders. Venturing into the Amalfi Coast allows you to relish the untamed splendor of the Mediterranean.

Stitching Dreams: The Homemaker Who Revolutionised Indian Fashion

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In the vibrant tapestry of India’s fashion landscape, there are numerous brands we come across everyday. However there are only a few that actually connect with us, not just pester us to make another purchase. One such brand that we recently came across is Apella – a homegrown fashion brand that comes with a story most people can relate to. So we decided to do a 5 series Blogs about Apella to share how this brand based in Himachal Pradesh is trying to instil comfort, confidence & happiness through fashion. 

A Vision Takes Shape

Behind Apella’s inspiring story is its founder, Ritu Khanduja, a woman who knows firsthand the challenges of navigating the world of fashion with a body shape that doesn’t conform to mainstream standards. Ritu’s personal journey became the catalyst for a brand that seeks to redefine fashion norms.

As Ritu herself acknowledges, the struggle to find outfits that both fit comfortably and inspire confidence is an experience shared by many. In an industry often obsessed with youth and fashion models, Ritu envisioned something different, something revolutionary – a brand that places the individual at the forefront, declaring boldly, “You matter, your size doesn’t.”

From Struggle to Empowerment

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The journey that began with a deep personal experience, soon turned into a mission- to empower women & men, who had been told by mainstream fashion brands that they were somehow not perfect. Thus in 2020, was born Apella- a brand that truly cared about ordinary people like me & you, not just fashion influencers or runway models. 

Apella is not merely about fashion; it’s about being your companion in celebrating your one-of-a-kind identity. With sizes spanning from XS to an inclusive 10XL, Apella ensures that the perfect fit is within your reach. Yet, there’s more to it – through free customization, Apella goes the extra mile to ensure that your attire is a true reflection of your personality. Within a short span of time, Apella has become one of the most loved brands especially in plus size fashion.

An Experience, Not Just Attire

At Apella, the belief goes beyond delivering clothing; it’s about creating an experience. Behind the scenes is a dedicated team of personal support executives who are poised to accompany you on your fashion journey. From offering style suggestions to providing sizing guidance, they become your trusted allies, ensuring that your purchase isn’t just a transaction but a personalised experience.

From Humble Beginnings to a Complete Wardrobe Solution

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What began as a modest venture right from their home has now transformed into a comprehensive solution for your wardrobe needs. Apella doesn’t limit itself to a specific category; it embraces all facets of your wardrobe, from casual wear, formal attire, and leisure outfits to festive and celebration wear, and even maternity clothing.

There is a lot more about this brand that is worth sharing and in the upcoming blogs, we’ll explore everything from what makes them different to their newly launched festive collection and a lot more.

Durga Puja – A Heartfelt Celebration

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There are very few festivals that are religious in fervor but incorporate a wide range of social, creative, environmental and political ideas and showcase them on a platform and medium that is artistic, relevant and relatable to people of all religions and caste.

The Durga Puja celebrations that are an integral part of festivities in eastern India, especially in West Bengal and surrounding states is a frenzy of heightened activity and palpable festive earnestness that floods the towns and cities and brings routine daily life to a complete standstill.

From someone who has grown up in Kolkata, take it from me that Durga Puja is probably the best carnival of sorts that is much more than just a religious celebration of good over evil. It is in fact, a perfect way to highlight, create awareness and make statements about myriad cultural and social elements. Besides, of course, like any other festival, it is the time to shop, catch up, to gorge on food, to socialize with friends and family and to go ‘pandal’ hopping, a term that is used with a dash of excitement and enthusiasm by the locals.

What is Durga Puja?

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image – Chinmoy Mukerji via Flickr

Popular in the states of West Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Assam and Tripura, Durga Puja is celebrated in the Hindu calendar month of Ashvin that usually falls in September or October. It celebrates the defeat of the deceptive buffalo demon Mahishasura on the hands of Goddess Durga. Durga Puja is a ten day festival beginning with Mahalaya which is the first day of the Puja celebrations. The sixth day (Shashthi) onwards the real celebrations and prayers commence when the eyes of the deity are painted symbolizing the infusion of life into the clay idol and continue through Saptami (seventh day), Ashtami (eight day) and Navami (ninth day). During these days, along with Durga, Goddess Lakshmi, Goddess Saraswati, Lord Ganesha and Karthikeya are also worshipped. On the tenth day or Dashami amidst the beating of drums and chants the idols are immersed in the ocean or rivers and bid adieu as they are believed to return to their divine abode. Dashami is also the day when women smear each other with vermillion called Sindur Khela.

The last day of the Puja coincides with Dussehra.

How is Durga Puja celebrated?

How-is Durga-Puja-celebrated

Durga Puja is celebrated by organizing pujas in homes and prayers and religious rituals are a part of the ten day festival. However, besides the religious rituals and prayers, Durga Puja appeals to non-Hindus as well, because of the beautiful idols that are created by local artists, using various ideas and materials that are centered in pandals or temporary stages that dot the entire city. Each of these pandals are unique in their art and the message that they wish to convey. The magnificently carved and beautifully dressed idols of Durga and other deities on stage are the work of art, created by artists who pour their skills and reverence into the idols over months. Pujas and rituals are also carried out within the pandals yet they are open for all visitors who come in hundreds to adore the splendid idols, the surrounding decorations and the themed pandal renditions.

A-Puja-Pandal
A Puja Pandal – Wikimedia

Social and cultural relevance

Durga Puja involves communities, local ‘paras’, societies coming together, to pool in resources and create something wonderful. The larger than life depiction of the deities, of Ma Durga riding over the astonished and defeated Mahishasura, the petite dignified figures of the other gods and goddesses are poised in the midst of light Rabindra Sangeet, mingled with the chatter of the crowds and lighted with the chants of prayers from the priest. However, the pandals also reverberate with social causes and are exceptional ways to inform and educate the masses that throng to visit them. In many parts the pandals are themed and there are also competitions to vote for the best pandal. Themes range from replicating iconic structures, such as the Buckingham Palace, Big Ben, Jagannath Temple as well as, pandals are also built on various concepts, such as, the shape of a Kerala houseboat, a musical concert or the fictional Mahishmati Palace.

Durga-Idol-in-Different-pose
Image – Stefan Krasowski via Flickr

However, many pandal themes and decorations also highlight some of the most pressing social issues, such as, the plight of sex workers, women empowerment, global warming, saving the Ganga and more.

The creativity of the artists and the pandal committees are on full display, when they use environment friendly materials or build the pandal using only chairs, or theme the pandal based on the various watches and time aged clock techniques. The list is endless, as every year; the absolute genius of the creators manifests itself in colorful, beautiful and meaningful work that resonates with the social, cultural and current state of affairs.

Preserving the heritage

Durga-Puja - Ramakrishna Math
Durga-Puja – Ramakrishna Math

Durga Puja is also the time when traditional and cultural arts, including dance forms, music etc. are performed by artists. Many pandals organize cultural performances and shows showcasing the traditional talents and heritage of the state and region.

The most wonderful thing about the Durga Puja celebrations is that though there is usage of technology and modern methods whether it comes to pandal building, thematic representations, using 3D technologies and so on, the traditional essence of the celebration is not lost on anyone. In spite of the grandeur and sometimes, the glitz, the music and the fun, the spiritual divinity is not ignored neither usurped. At the end of the day, the puja is still about the victory of good over evil, the understanding of standing up for right and the conviction to emerge victorious against all odds.

Navigating the World of Indian Couponing: Tips for Beginners

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Image – Wikimedia

In the dynamic realm of online shopping, savvy consumers are constantly on the lookout for ways to maximize their savings. One of the most effective strategies is harnessing the power of coupons. This guide is tailored for beginners venturing into the world of Indian couponing, offering insights, tips, and tricks to help you score top discounts on a wide range of products, including sought-after sports equipment.

Understanding the Indian Coupon Landscape

The surge in couponing popularity in India is attributed to the growing availability of coupon sites that cater to a wide range of consumer needs. These platforms serve as hubs where discounts, deals, and promotional offers from numerous online stores are gathered and made accessible to shoppers. This trend has empowered consumers, enabling them to make well-informed purchasing decisions and ultimately leading to significant savings. As a result, shoppers can now navigate the online shopping landscape with greater confidence and financial efficiency.

Secrets to Finding the Best Deals

Sign Up for Newsletters

Pro Tip: Create a dedicated email address for newsletters to keep your main inbox clutter-free. This way, you can easily locate and access all your exclusive discounts.

Stay Organized: Consider using email filters and labels to categorize promotional emails from various retailers. This will make it easier to find and use coupons when you’re ready to shop.

Engage with Retailers: Engaging with retailers on social media platforms can sometimes lead to exclusive offers and discounts. Be sure to follow your favorite brands and participate in their promotions.

Utilize Coupon Aggregator Websites

Diversify Your Sources: While Discount One is a fantastic resource, don’t limit yourself. Explore a variety of reputable coupon aggregator websites. Each platform may have unique partnerships and offers.

Stay Updated: Make it a habit to visit these aggregator sites regularly. New deals and offers are frequently added, and you wouldn’t want to miss out on a hidden gem.

Check for Validity: Always ensure that the coupons are current and valid. Some platforms may not promptly remove expired deals, so exercise due diligence before attempting to use them.

Timing is Key

Plan Ahead: Mark important dates on your calendar, including major festivals, holidays, and special sales events. Retailers tend to offer their deepest discounts during these periods.

Pre-Sale Research: Many retailers provide a sneak peek of their upcoming sales. Use this information to create a shopping list and know exactly what to look for when the sale begins.

Consider Off-Peak Shopping: Sometimes, the best deals can be found during off-peak hours. Early mornings or late nights may offer less competition for limited-time offers.

Compare Prices

Use Price Comparison Tools: Websites and browser extensions like PriceBaba, MySmartPrice, and PriceDekho can help you compare prices across multiple online stores. This ensures you’re getting the best value for your money.

Consider Additional Costs: Factor in shipping fees, taxes, and any other potential expenses when comparing prices. Sometimes a slightly higher-priced item may actually be a better deal once all costs are considered.

Read Reviews and Ratings: Don’t just focus on price. Check customer reviews and ratings to ensure the product meets your expectations in terms of quality and performance.

Unlock Savings on the Go with the Discount One Mobile App!

Experience the power of Discount One in the palm of your hand. Our user-friendly mobile app is designed to make your couponing journey even more convenient and efficient. Here’s how you can make the most of it:

Instant Notifications: Receive real-time alerts on your mobile device for new discounts, flash sales, and exclusive offers. Never miss out on a great deal again!

Personalized Deal Recommendations: Get tailored recommendations based on your preferences and shopping history, ensuring you’re always in the loop for discounts that matter to you.

Effortless Navigation: Browse through a wide array of discounted items from various online stores with ease. Our intuitive interface makes finding deals a breeze.

Simplified Redemption: Access and redeem your discounts directly from the app. No need to switch between multiple tabs or copy-paste codes.

Track and Organize Your Savings: Keep a record of your accumulated discounts and track your overall savings over time. Stay motivated as you watch your savings grow.

Utilizing Discount One

Discount One is a game-changer for smart shoppers looking for discounts on various goods. This platform scours various online stores in India to compile a curated selection of discounted items. The beauty of Discount One lies in its simplicity:

Convenient Search: Discount One makes it easy for you to find the coupons you want. You can browse by categories, such as electronics, fashion, beauty, travel, food or entertainment. You can also search by store name or keyword. You can also save your favorite coupons for later use.

Thousands of Discounts: With Discount One, you can save money on every purchase you makeonline. You can find coupons for up to 90% off on various products and services from top Indian online stores.

Regular Updates: More than a hundred offers are posted daily. Discount One updates its database regularly with new coupons and discounts from Indian online stores. You can always find fresh and valid offers on the app. You can also get notified of the latest deals and exclusive coupons via push notifications or email alerts.

Design: Simple and clear design, where you can find everything you need. Discount One has a user-friendly interface that lets you access all the features of the app with ease. You can see the details of each coupon. You can also rate the coupons and share them with your friends via social media or messaging apps.

Discount feed, tailored to your tastes: Discount One learns from your preferences and shows you the coupons that match your interests and needs. You can also get personalized recommendations based on your browsing and shopping history. You can also discover new offers and deals every day on the app.

Conclusion

Indian couponing is a valuable strategy that empowers consumers to make the most of their online shopping experiences. By following the tips outlined in this guide and utilizing reliable platforms like Discount One, beginners can embark on a journey to discover incredible deals and discounts across a wide range of products. Remember, the key to successful couponing lies in staying informed, being diligent, and enjoying the thrill of finding amazing discounts in the vast world of online shopping. Happy couponing!

Jhoti Chita – Floor and Wall Paintings of Odisha

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Jhoti-Chita-01
Image – Wikimedia

Floor and wall paintings are a unique artistic expression in India. People of different regions across the nation adorn their homes, with rangolis and designs that are intrinsically a part of their cultural heritage. Jhoti Chita is a traditional art that is painted on the walls and floors of rural Odisha. It is an important inclusion during festivals, spiritual and social occasions. Made from rice paste, the Jhoti Chita incorporates floral, geometric, animal and religious motifs in its designs. 

How Is Jhoti Chita Made?

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Image – Moni Attractive Art

Jhoti Chitas are a common sight in rural Odisha, where women create figures or floral patterns on the walls and floors of their homes. Each Jothi Chita is made from semi-liquid rice paste. The patterns are either made directly with fingers or using a piece of cloth that is attached to a twig. Also, sometimes the surface on which the Jhoti Chita is made, is first smeared with Dhau, a red earthy color to provide the perfect contrast. 

The outline of the painting is created and then the paste is filled within the outlined borders of the design or sketch. Also, different techniques are used to draw the Jhoti Chita. Often the cloth attached to the twig is used as a brush to paint. On other occasions, fingers dipped in the rice paste are enough to create a stunning effect. Besides, sometimes the paste is just sprinkled on the wall and with a light touch and swirl of the hand the painting resembles a sheaf of paddy. 

Jhoti Chitas are always made with rice paste and are white in color. Thus, they are different from Rangolis, which are created using a variety of hues and shades. Besides, in Jhoti Chita the white signifies purity, peace and prosperity. 

When Is Jhoti Chita Created?

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Image – Wikimedia

Jhoti Chitas are created on all festivals and occasions. This includes social customs, such as marriages, child birth etc. However, this art form flourishes and finds its true wings during the many festivals, such as Manabasa Gurubara, Basanti, Raja, Jhulana, Karthika, Lakshmi Puja, Dola etc. 

Manabasa Gurubara is perhaps one of the most important festivals in Odisha. And is also one of the main occasions on which the Jhoti Chitas are created with much enthusiasm and devotion. It is celebrated during the Hindu month of Margasira that usually falls between November and December. According to mythology, it is believed that Goddess Lakshmi is present in each house on every Thursday during this month. The Kharif crop is also harvested during this period. Thus, on each Thursday of the month, the married women of the household create Jhoti Chita that include designs of the feet of Mother Lakshmi. In fact, one of the main significances of the Jhoti Chita is to attract Goddess Lakshmi, who is believed to bring prosperity and happiness. And hence, several Jhoti Chita paintings have small feet or foot marks painted as a symbol of welcome for the Goddess. 

Symbolic Significance & Designs in Jhoti Chita

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Image Source

On the face of it, the Jhoti Chita paintings are drawn for decorating the house on special festivals and occasions. However, they hold a significance that is much more than for sheer aesthetic or decorative purposes. Most of the motifs and designs drawn in the Jhoti Chita hold symbolic significance. Just as the feet are painted to mark the presence of Goddess Lakshmi, similarly, there are various other motifs that also have spiritual and mystical meanings. For instance, rice sheaves or paddy are drawn in a pile stacked in the shape of a pyramid during Lakshmi Puja and Manabasa Gurubara. Also, usually, the Jhoti Chita featuring the Dhana Shishaas or heaps of paddy is drawn on the outer walls of the huts. 

During Durga Puja, red dots are painted over white dots to signify the worship of both Shakti and Shiva. Also, several of the motifs and symbols used in Jhoti Chita are similar to the ones used in PattaChitra.

Symbols of Lord Jagannath and Lord Vishnu are also a part of several Jhoti Chitas. Some of these include, the lotus flower, wheel, conch shell and the mace or gada. However, the heaps of paddy always signify the presence of Lakshmi and are a symbol of success and prosperity. 

One of the most beautiful and detailed paintings is called the Swapna Padma Chita which is circular and quite huge in size. The Jhoti Chitas are also drawn in grain storage areas, or on earthen pots, doorsteps of homes and around deities. 

However, there are also figures and designs that are drawn for sheer artistic and aesthetic reasons. Some of the designs that are commonly painted in the Jhoti Chita include the peacocks, the Kumbh, fish, elephants and other animals. The motifs are both in floral and geometric patterns creating a visual marvel for all to see. 

Besides, once the Jhoti Chita is created no one walks over it. Certain paintings that are offerings for Gods and Goddesses are not even swept away with a broom. Instead, they are wiped with a wet cloth. 

Role of Women in Jhoti Chita

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Image Source

Like several traditional arts, the women of rural Odisha are the backbone of Jhoti Chita. Besides, married women are the main flag bearers and artists that create the Jhoti Chitas. 

With their exceptional creative skills, that are honed over generations, the women showcase their artistic inclinations manifested through the various designs, motifs and patterns of the Jhoti Chita. Also, since the paintings have a strong connection to Goddess Lakshmi, it is imperative that women play a crucial role in the creation and sustenance of this art form. 

Manabasa Gurubara

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Image – Wikimedia

Interestingly, the festival of Manabasa Gurubara celebrated during the month of Margasira is an important occasion for the creation of this traditional art. The Jhoti Chita is an important part of the rituals, which includes the singing of a popular folklore story. According to the story, Goddess Lakshmi, is impressed with cleanliness and bestows her blessings on the woman who sweeps and keeps her home clean. And hence, the women clean their homes before the prayer and draw the Jhoti Chita that has the drawings of small feet or Laxmi Paada Chita. This signifies that the Goddess is pleased with the way they have performed this household chore. And thus, blessed them with Her presence. 

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Image Source

A jar called Mana is placed in the middle of the Jhoti Chita and is filled with the newly harvested paddy. The puja is then performed and is concluded with distribution of traditional dishes, such as Chitau, Manda Pitha, Kakara, Khiri and more. Also, on this day, every woman recites the Lakshmi Purana with utmost dedication. The same ritual is followed on all the Thursdays of the month. 

Besides, the Jhoti Chita is also drawn below the Pidhaa Marei or a wooden pedestal on which the idol of the Goddess is placed. 

Floor and wall art paintings are abundant in India. They are temporary creations that fade away with time, only to be restarted and reimagined all over again for the next festival or occasion. The Jhoti Chita is a wonderful art form that is a representation of the social, cultural and religious beliefs of the people of Odisha. Though rural women practice this art form, many women living in urban areas too continue to follow its traditions. 

Dissolving Paper Could be the Next Big Thing in Laundry Sustainability

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Dissolving Paper Could be the Next Big Thing in Laundry Sustainability-01

Each year, billions of plastic laundry detergent bottles and jugs are tossed in the trash while harsh chemical runoff pollutes waterways. The substantial carbon emissions from transporting all that liquid also add to the environmental impact. But what if there was a simpler, greener way to wash our clothes? Enter the laundry strip. These paper-thin, plant-based sheets contain an ultra-concentrated dose of detergent and dissolve completely in the wash. As more consumers seek sustainability, laundry strips may soon render heavy liquid detergent bottles obsolete.

Dissolving laundry strips offer a convenient, mess-free alternative to conventional powder and liquid detergents. With benefits like reduced plastic waste, lower carbon emissions, and preventing overuse of detergent, these innovative sheets could make laundry far more eco-friendly. Homeowners seeking to lighten their environmental footprint may find laundry strips provide a simple switch to meaningful sustainability.

Problems with Conventional Laundry Detergents

Traditional laundry detergents come packaged in weighty plastic containers, averaging about 50 ounces for liquid varieties. The household does around 300 loads of laundry annually, so detergent bottles produce tremendous plastic waste. Most of these containers end up in landfills, taking centuries to biodegrade. Some detergent jugs get recycled but still contribute to plastic pollution. All this unnecessary plastic packaging has major environmental costs.

Heavy detergent bottles make it easy to accidentally over-pour each load. Excess detergent then washes down the drain, polluting lakes and rivers with chemicals and nutrients that harm ecosystems. Water quality researchers say overdosing on laundry contributes to chemical runoff, creating toxic algal blooms. Preventing detergent overuse is key to sustainability.

Conventional laundry formulas contain many synthetic chemicals linked to environmental issues. Components like chlorine bleach, phosphates, ammonia, and synthetic fragrances get flushed out in wastewater. These compounds damage aquatic life and disrupt natural ecosystems. Eco-friendly alternatives are needed to protect waterways.

Many detergent components, like palm oil derivatives or synthetic fragrances, have large carbon footprints before reaching the consumer. Sourcing palm oil drives deforestation, while many perfumes rely on petrochemicals. The laundry industry must find ways to source ingredients more sustainably.

Bottles and jugs require lots of fuel to ship compared to their actual cleaning ingredients. One study found over 80% of liquid detergent is water, bulked up unnecessarily for appearance. A few spoonfuls of concentrated detergent can effectively clean a whole load. By transporting only active ingredients, brands can vastly lower emissions.

Explaining Laundry Strips

Rather than packaged in plastic, laundry strips are thin sheets made from plant-based materials designed to dissolve. Common materials include cotton, cellulose, and corn or sugar starch polymers layered to create a sturdy film. These fully biodegradable materials quickly break down when activated by water and agitation in the wash cycle.

The dissolvable sheet design allows laundry strips to be incredibly thin and space-efficient. Each flat sheet is roughly the size of a standard sticky note, with thickness ranging from paper to tissue. This compact size means boxes of strips generate far less packaging waste than detergent bottles. Portability also improves since the strips are lightweight.

Laundry strips fully dissolve during the wash process to release their concentrated detergent. Hot water, agitation, and water chemistry help break down the natural fibers within minutes. The dissolved ingredients then permeate fabrics evenly while activating sudsing agents. Nothing remains at the end except clean clothes.

Despite their tiny size, laundry strips are highly concentrated and pack enough detergent for an entire load. Advanced production methods and technologies allow detergent ingredients to be distilled into a solid dissolvable form. Some strips also include oxy cleaners, fabric softeners, and whitening agents.

Individual strips come pre-measured with the ideal amount of detergent for each load based on the machine size. This prevents underdosing, which leaves clothes dirty, or overdosing, which wastes detergent. Just toss in one strip, and no mess or measuring is required. Proper dosing also enhances sustainability.

With their ultra-compact design, laundry strips are far less resource-intensive to transport than traditional bottled detergents. Boxes of strips weigh a fraction of bulky plastic jugs, allowing more product transported per pallet. The lightweight nature cuts fuel usage and carbon emissions to get strips to retailers, benefiting the environment.

Benefits of Strips for Sustainability

Swapping heavy detergent jugs for dissolvable strips would prevent billions of pounds of plastic from being produced annually for laundry. Since strips come in cardboard boxes, they avoid single-use plastics entirely. For the eco-conscious home, this change slashes plastic waste into landfills. The natural materials in strips also fully biodegrade if discarded.

Many laundry strip brands use plant-derived ingredients from responsibly sourced suppliers. Plant oils, coconut derivatives, essential oils, and mineral powders have lower environmental impacts. Consumers can feel assured strips don’t drive deforestation or use harsh petrochemicals in production.

Using less detergent with a laundry strip system is practically impossible. Each pre-measured sheet contains just the right concentration to clean effectively. Without excess sudsing agents swirling down drains, strips prevent water pollution and protect ecosystems. Less detergent consumed also means lower production impacts.

Laundry strips greatly reduce the environmental footprint of shipping detergent since they are over 90% smaller in volume than bottled detergent. This means substantial carbon emission savings from transportation at every stage – from factory to warehouse to retailer. Strips offer a simple switch for consumers seeking to lower their carbon impacts.

Most laundry strip ingredients are plant-derived and biodegradable, making them gentler on the skin and the earth than conventional formulas with added dyes, synthetics, and toxins. Dermatologists often recommend strips for sensitive skin. Their safe ingredients also minimize harm to waterways and microorganisms when washed down drains.

Future Outlook

If dissolved laundry strips were adopted at scale, experts estimate over 90% reductions in packaging waste and detergent transportation emissions are achievable. This change in consumer behavior and industry standards could massively lower the footprint of doing laundry. Transitioning to strips provides one of the simplest paths to more sustainable laundering.

Several environmentally-focused brands are at the forefront of popularizing laundry strips and developing next-gen products. Companies like Tru Earth, Smol, and Nest Fragrances offer strips made from natural plant fibers that dissolve completely plastic-free. Expect more consumer product companies to release eco-friendly laundry strips as demand grows.

Market researchers predict that the global laundry strips segment will grow at a CAGR of over 5% from 2022 to 2030 as sustainable habits become mainstream. Consumer surveys reveal over 75% would switch to plastic-free, concentrated strips for environmental reasons. Machine manufacturers are also designing washers and detergents to work in tandem for maximum dissolving effectiveness. Laundry strips are poised to become the new norm.

Conclusion

Laundry strips provide a convenient solution that eliminates plastic waste, prevents water pollution, reduces transportation emissions, and pushes the industry towards plant-based ingredients. As consumers learn about their benefits for the planet, strips have the potential to transform how we wash clothes and advance sustainability fundamentally.

Rethinking laundry detergent offers a big impact for homeowners seeking easy ways to lighten their environmental footprint. By switching to dissolving paper strips, you can avoid unnecessary plastic waste while still getting the superior clean you expect. Let’s make laundry strips the new load-saving standard.

Tartrazine Food Color: The Yellow Dye Dilemma

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Imagine a world without the vibrant yellows that adorn your favorite snacks, candies, and drinks. Tartrazine, also known as E102, is the unsung hero behind these visually stimulating food products. This synthetic yellow dye has been a reliable companion of the food industry for decades, lending its golden touch to a wide array of items. However, as with many additives, tartrazine has stirred up debates and concerns about its safety and potential health effects. In this blog, we’ll embark on a journey to explore the world of tartrazine food color, shedding light on its origins, applications, regulations, controversies, and the scientific insights into its impact on health.

The Birth of Tartrazine

The story of tartrazine starts in the late 19th century when chemists first laid eyes on this synthetic organic compound. Initially discovered in coal tar and petroleum, tartrazine found its way into the food industry early in the 20th century. Its radiant yellow color made it an instant hit for enhancing the visual appeal of various food and beverage products.

Tartrazine’s Multifaceted Role

Tartrazine is a versatile food colorant that enjoys a widespread presence in an array of products, including:

  • Beverages: Soft drinks, energy drinks, and flavored waters frequently feature tartrazine to achieve their bright yellow or greenish-yellow allure.
  • Confectionery Delights: Tartrazine is the secret behind the vivid colors of candies, gummies, and desserts, particularly those with a lemony twist.
  • Baked Creations: Pastries, cakes, and baked goods employ tartrazine to bestow a sunny yellow hue upon their icings or fillings.
  • Savory Munchies: Some popular potato chips, corn chips, and snack foods dabble in tartrazine to diversify their color palette.
  • Instant Noodles: Certain instant noodle products rely on tartrazine to lend their broths or seasonings an enticing yellow tint.

The Safety Standard and Regulations

Tartrazine’s incorporation into food is subject to stringent regulations and safety assessments, guided by organizations such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). These bodies establish acceptable daily intake (ADI) levels for food additives, including tartrazine, to ensure consumer safety.

Within these guidelines, tartrazine is considered safe for the vast majority of individuals. However, concerns have surfaced regarding its potential health effects, particularly among individuals with specific sensitivities or allergies.

Tartrazine’s Controversial Stance

Tartrazine hasn’t escaped the spotlight of controversy:

  1. Allergic Reactions: Some individuals might exhibit allergic reactions to tartrazine, such as hives, itching, asthma, and digestive discomfort. These reactions are rare but can be severe among sensitive individuals.
  2. Hyperactivity in Children: A long-standing debate centers around the possible connection between tartrazine consumption and heightened hyperactivity or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. While certain studies have hinted at a potential link, concrete evidence remains elusive.
  3. Asthma and Aspirin Sensitivity: Individuals with asthma or aspirin sensitivity may be more prone to adverse reactions to tartrazine.
  4. Migraine Trigger: Tartrazine has been identified as a potential migraine trigger in some individuals.
  5. The Shift Toward Natural Alternatives: Due to these concerns, both consumers and food manufacturers are embracing natural food colorants and clean-label products.

The Science Behind Tartrazine and Health Impacts

The debate over tartrazine’s potential health impacts is nuanced and multifaceted. Consider these key aspects:

  1. Individual Sensitivity: Not everyone is equally susceptible to tartrazine, and reactions can vary significantly among individuals. Those experiencing adverse effects are often individuals with pre-existing sensitivities or allergies.
  2. ADHD and Hyperactivity: While certain studies suggest a conceivable connection between tartrazine and increased hyperactivity in children, more comprehensive research is needed to establish a conclusive link.
  3. ADI and Safety: Regulatory bodies have set ADIs for tartrazine, ensuring that daily exposure to the dye remains well below levels associated with adverse health effects.
  4. Consumer Choice: With growing awareness and demand for clean-label and natural products, many consumers and food manufacturers are moving away from synthetic colorants like tartrazine.

Conclusion: A Fine Line Between Brilliance and Caution

Tartrazine, with its radiant yellow brilliance, has long played a pivotal role in the food industry. While it is generally considered safe for the majority of consumers when consumed within established ADI levels, lingering concerns about its potential health impacts persist. Sensitivity and allergic reactions to tartrazine are rare but can be severe in specific individuals, prompting a growing interest in alternatives.

As consumer awareness continues to expand, and the call for clean-label and natural products gains momentum, food manufacturers find themselves at a crossroads, seeking a balance between enhancing the visual appeal of their products and ensuring the safety and well-being of their customers. In this dynamic and evolving landscape, the food industry strives to navigate the fine line between brilliance and caution that tartrazine presents.

Crafting the Expressions: When the Goddess is Animated

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Hedau is in a rush as he is preparing to leave his house to visit an artist, who has given him a contract. It is of making hands and feet for idols of goddess Durga, who will be welcomed with great fervour in the next few days. 

The artist takes a look at the half-finished idols of the goddess in his own workshop, waits for a moment, and contemplating completion time for each, leaves. 

A professional red clay sculptor, canvas painter, and rangoli artist, Parag Hedau has multifarious artistic abilities that always keep him busy. However, in the month-long period preceding Navratri when he is engaged in hand and feet-making, he finds himself most occupied. Many sculptors in the town of Yavatmal seek his expertise to make the hands and feet for Durga idols they sculpt.

As Hedau reaches a sculptor’s atelier, he examines the idol for which he has to sculpt fingers. After scrutinizing the arms and the context, he takes out a lump from the dough of red clay and rolls it into a coil, which he cuts across into chunks that would make fingers.

Next, he grabs a carving tool, incises a nail at the tip of the piece, flattens it, renders bends, and makes creases. This is how a finger comes into existence. Then, he inserts a thin wire in its base, so that the finger can maintain stability during the movement of the idol. Also, as fingers are made with soft clay, sculptors add cotton in the clay, which helps ensure the firmness of fingers.

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The sculptor churns out ten fingers at a time for two hands, in order – little finger, ring finger, middle finger, index finger, and thumb. He considers the function the hand will perform before giving shapes to fingers. So, for the hand holding lotus, he fully bends the ring and the middle fingers at the base knuckle, and bends the little finger at the middle knuckle, while keeping the index finger and thumb straight. For the hand holding sword, the artist bends the two middle fingers while rendering light bends to the rest of the two fingers, as thumb is positioned to depict a hold. Then, he places the hilt firmly in this arrangement of fingers. 

As each finger comes with a different expression requirement, the process of finger-modelling becomes fairly complex, though the fast manoeuvre of the sculptor makes it seem easy. If the idol has eight hands, then the sculptor must make fourty fingers. And for idols with eighteen hands, he has to make ninety fingers. 

Before attaching fingers, the artist makes a palm with the thenar and hypothenar shaped to match the forearm. Shallow holes are made at the top of the palm. In these holes, the artist secures the fingers with the help of thin wire that he had fitted into them, attaching fingers one by one and then arranging them to bring out the intended expression. Then, the artist creates various lines and curves on the hand. He keeps fine-touching the fingers and the palm by applying water and levels them until they are merged with each other.

“Well, making mistakes is a part of any learning process, but with sculpting, you hardly have any scope. And at least with hand and feet-making, you have little room for mistakes. You need to be attentive so that your creation comes out in its perfect form right in the first attempt.”

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“The challenge is that the portion of hands till wrist are made by different sculptors, and then you have to align palms and fingers with the shape and size of the arms,” remarks Hedau. 

For toes, the sculptor checks how the feet have been positioned, and then sculpts each toe. He then attaches them to the ball, arranging them all to complete the foot. 

In toe-making, the artist follows almost the same process he follows for making fingers, just that he keeps toes longer and thicker to showcase the typical foot expressions. 

Seemingly tricky, the task has become a cakewalk for Hedau, today. He effortlessly rolls clay clods and models them into fingers and toes. “The feministic expressions conveyed through the face must align with that of the hands. All elements must work in synchronization for the work of art to successfully depict the intended emotions,” stresses Hedau. Altogether, it takes him around four hours to finish hand and feet-making for one idol.

Making these parts is one challenging task in the entire Durga sculpting. Each hand exhibits a unique expression and each toe must correspond to how the feet have been set, which is where the sculpting skills of an artist are put to test. So, one might feel as if the hands and feet have been made with a mould. But no such mould exists, and artists craft these expressions with their hands.

Avian Symbolism: Exploring Birds in Indian Culture through Art

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I have always been inspired by nature since my childhood days. During my early summer breaks, my parents would take my siblings and I to different locations in South India, particularly in the State of Tamil Nadu where I was born and raised. We would not just visit the tourist destinations, which included ancient temples, historic places, monuments, and museums, but also wild life sanctuaries, botanical gardens, aquariums, and zoos to experience different sides of nature. My parents had also given me many opportunities to raise different pets at home, namely dogs, fish, and birds.

I can still remember being a ten-year-old girl and visiting the Vedanthangal Bird Sanctuary with my family. Vedanthangal, in my native language Tamil, translates to “hamlet of the hunter.” The city was originally a hunting ground for rich landowners in the early 1700’s who hunted for sport. It would later become home to thousands of migratory birds coming from different parts of the world, including the pintail, grey wagtail, common sandpiper, and blue-winged teal birds. Being a young girl, I was fascinated and inspired by the birds’ beautiful colors and appearances. As the years went by, my love for birds continued to grow. 

Suggested Read: The Depiction of Animals & Birds in Indian Arts

Within India, both domesticated and wild animals play a prominent role in the expression of religion and are commonly seen in tourism, farming, and business. Having a love for nature, I became more interested in learning about fauna, especially birds and their associations with Indian mythology and literature. Some of the birds that I began to learn more deeply about were the eagle, peacock, swan, dove, crane, parakeet, and owl. In this article, I will be discussing what have become three of my most favorite mythical birds: the parakeet, peacock, and swan. 

The parakeet, meaning “kili” in Tamil, has always been considered sacred in India because of its ability to mimic human speech. Parakeets have appeared in many Indian folktales, and have been celebrated as a messenger, story teller, and teacher. In Hinduism, the parakeet is the vehicle to the God of love, Kama, who rides upon a parakeet steed. Its red beak and green feathers symbolize fertility. In South Indian temples, it is sacred to the Goddesses Meenakshi and Andal. The Goddess Meenakshi is depicted by holding a parakeet on her right shoulder in the world-famous Madurai temple, whereas the Goddess Andal is depicted holding a parakeet on her left hand in the Srivilliputhur temple. The specialty of the parakeets at these temples is that they are handcrafted using green leaves daily. 

Parakeet fortune-telling, meaning “kili josiyum” in Tamil, is an ancient Indian tradition used by astrologers to predict the future and has been passed on from one generation to another. It is popular in South India, especially in the states of Tamil Nadu and Andhra Pradesh. Astrologers each have a cage containing one trained parakeet. Then, 27 tarot-like fortune cards are either stacked or spread, with some containing an image of a Hindu deity while others contained images of Buddha or the Virgin Mary. When a patron sits before the astrologer, the astrologer asks for their name and then opens the cage to let the parakeet out, instructing it to pick up a card at random. The astrologer then views the card and based on the image tells the fortune of the patron. Due to a lack of patronage, this practice is weakening in the state of Tamil Nadu. However, in Singapore, it has become a tourist attraction.  

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The peacock, meaning “mayil” in Tamil, has different meanings in different cultures around the world. In general, it symbolizes freedom, self-expression, spirituality, integrity, love, and an adornment to feminine beauty. It is the national bird of India. In South India, especially within Tamil mythology, the peacock is seen as the vehicle of Murugan, the Hindu God of war, victory, and wisdom. The Goddess Saraswati, who represents education, creativity, and music, is often depicted with a peacock in South India, and with a swan elsewhere. The peacock has been an inspiration and object of wonder, dating back to more than 2000 years. Lord Krishna, who has been an inspiration to artists across the subcontinent, is usually depicted with peacock feathers adorning his head. A Hindu legend says that peacocks were enchanted by the music played on the flute by Lord Krishna and then laid their feathers on the ground before him, after which he promised to wear them forever. Peacocks are often associated with different forms of art, namely ancient and contemporary paintings, murals, and decorative motifs on buildings, and have significance in other cultures as well. 

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The swan, meaning “anna paṟavai” in Tamil, is a beautiful bird that’s known for its beauty, elegance, and grace. It is depicted in art and folktales not only in India but around the world. Considered by scholars to be either the Mute Swan or the Bar-headed Goose, the swan is the vehicle of Lord Brahma, the Hindu God with powers of creation, and of the Goddess Saraswati, the Hindu Goddess of knowledge and creative arts who is also often depicted as sitting atop a swan while playing an instrument. The swan is considered as a decorative element and a spiritual sign in Indian and Southeast Asian culture. In Hinduism, it is said to eat pearls and is bestowed with magical qualities such as being able to separate milk from water in a mixture of the two and drink only the pure milk. This particular ability of making fine distinctions is an essential requisite of creation. The swan has caught the imagination of painters and poets alike, and stylized versions of it can be seen as woven motifs, carved on wood, and cast in metal lamps. A pair of swans also are known to represent soulmates for life.

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Conclusively, birds are wonderful beings that come in a variety of colors and appearances, and each of their kind communicates their own symbolic connection to the world around us. Their relationship with Hindu mythology has vast meaning, as can be seen in parakeets, peacocks, and swans, and is a topic that I am definitely eager to continue exploring.