Godna Paintings – Chhattisgarh’s Traditional Art by Women

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April 17, 2023

Chhattisgarh is known for its lush natural beauty and its iron and steel industries. However, Chhattisgarh has a rich cultural heritage and vibrant folk art forms too, which deserve much more attention than is given to them. The state is home to a diverse range of tribes and communities, each with its unique artistic traditions. From colourful folk paintings and intricate crafts to mesmerising dance forms and soulful music, Chhattisgarh has a lot to offer for enthusiasts of the fine arts and crafts. The Godna paintings are one such unique art.

History of Godna Painting

Godna paintings are a traditional form of indigenous art that originated in the state of Chhattisgarh and some regions of Bihar from the tattooing tradition of the Gond, Dusadh and Oraon tribes amongst many tribes.The name of Godna paintings was derived from the Hindi word ‘Godna’, which means ‘to tattoo’ or ‘to prick’. These paintings are deeply rooted in the cultural and spiritual beliefs of the indigenous tribes of the region and have been practised for centuries, the difference being that the original medium was skin. The tattoos were traditionally done by women, and were supposed to have healing powers. Some tribespeople also believe in the divinity of tattoos because this is the only ornament or decoration that remains with them- even after death. Besides these beliefs, they were also done to commemorate important events in the lives of women, like the attainment of puberty and weddings.

The Godna paintings are a unique art, not just because of their style, but because of the fact that the bulk of the community of artists consists of impoverished rural tribal women whose means of independence is this art of tattooing. In the 1970s, a German anthropologist named Erika Hoser visited a Dusadh village and inspired the woman to transfer their art of tattooing to create a new art- Godna painting. This is the origin of the Godna paintings that are made today, on paper or canvas.

Themes, Style and Process of Godna Painting

Godna painting-Themes, style and process — Image Source

The tattoos are beautiful with geometric patterns and designs, and are made with traditional black ink and sharpened bamboo reeds or thorns. The themes and styles of the paintings encompass the same as that of the Godna tattoos, but, instead of just the black colour that was used for the tattoos, the Godna women also use paints of multiple colours to beautify the art. They have also included other themes to appeal to all sorts of people- from the famous tree of life to paintings of Hindu Gods and Goddesses, and depictions of the daily life and celebrations of the tribe.

The components of the original Godna art- the tattoo ink- the ink is made of cow bile, soot, herbs, and pig fat or of vegetable juices, oil, and soot. The skin is first perforated or wounded slightly with a sharpened reed or a thorn, and ink is then drawn on it. The paintings are made with similar ink and similar instruments, but they are instead made on paper or canvas, and are coloured in with paints made of natural dyes.The paints are made of natural elements like vegetables, barks, soot, and roots. The outline is applied with a similar bamboo reed, and the paint is filled in with brushes made of bamboo. The paintings consist of intricate geometric patterns or scenes of celebration, and community life of the tribes. They take anywhere from a day to a few days to finish, depending on the intricacy.

Current state of Godna Painting

Godna painting-Current state — Image Source

Godna art is a relatively young art form, when compared to the more established art forms like the Madhubani and Mithila forms of art. While the art comes at a time when interest in traditional arts and crafts is declining, this is also a time of increasing awareness regarding the indigenous crafts of our country. Godna paintings were made to adapt to the nature of the modern day, when there is an increase in interest in handmade display art amongst niche audiences.

Future of Godna Painting

The future of Godna art looks bright. There is an increase in interest in it amongst tribal women, for it provides an avenue for financial stability, independence and freedom from oppression and poverty. There is an increasing number of tribal welfare and women’s welfare organisations that are looking to preserve and propagate this art form- and they have succeeded. From the single village of Jitwarpur that originally took part in the practise of making Godna paintings after Erika Hoser’s visit the art has now spread all over Chhattisgarh and some regions of Bihar. They are also finding ways to make Godna art more lucrative- expanding the media for making Godna paintings from paper and canvas to textiles, including all sorts of clothing from sarees to handkerchiefs.

Takeaway

It is the indigenous arts and crafts of our country and region that make us unique, in this age of increasing modernisation. The traditional arts of our country represent centuries of history and cultural developments, and the communities of artisans who are working on these ancient arts and crafts till this day, are worth supporting. An art like Godna, especially, is worth cherishing and saving, for it supports and represents thousands of tribal women whose source of income and strength is their art. It represents not only history and culture, but the resilience of the tribes and women of India, who have managed to break the shackles of poverty and oppression and gain financial independence through this art form.

Historical Places in Andhra Pradesh You Must Explore

By

Cscope Staff

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April 11, 2023

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Andhra Pradesh is home to numerous historical places. The historical significance of the state and its remaining essence make it a part of a mandatory heritage visit. People who visit the historical sites of Andhra Pradesh will get to experience the pages they read in their school textbooks.

This article brings you the historical places in Andhra Pradesh that one must not miss on their trip to the state. These places must be on one’s itinerary while visiting Andhra Pradesh. Read on to find out the places that best fit your ideal location.

Tirupati

Tirupati is in the southern part of Andhra Pradesh. Almost every religious person of our country, and even the non-religious people, must have heard of the place. Tirupati temple is the main attraction of the Tirupati town. The Tirupati temple is in honor of Balaji, a form of Lord Vishnu. The temple’s origin is unknown, but its significance is well-known throughout the country and even in other countries.

The location of the town is in the foothills of the Eastern Ghats in the Chittor district. The scenic beauty of the place is also delightful.

Kurnool

Kurnool is a small town of Andhra Pradesh with a lot of historical significance. It is known as The Gateway of Rayalaseema. The historical importance of the place is the remnants of the palace of Gopal Raju, the last Hindu King. It also has ruins of a medieval fort made by the Vijaynagar Empire. The ruins of the fort have Persian and Arabic inscriptions. There is also a summer palace in Kurnool. The Kurnool rulers built the summer palace during the 16th Century.

The city has other historical significance as well. The name Kurnool comes from Kandanavolu or Kandanolu. The place used to be a crossing across the Tungabhadra River. Belum Caves and Ketavaram rock paintings which date back to the Paleolithic era, are also historical wonders of the place.

Amaravati

Historical Places in Andhra Pradesh - Amaravathi — Image – Wikimedia

Amravati is known as the capital of Andhra Pradesh. Amravati is a beautiful, planned city on the banks of river Krishna. The place holds great importance for the Buddhists for it is a site of a Buddhist Stupa. Amravati is a pilgrim place and is also famous for sightseeing. Geographically, Amravati is 32 kilometers north of Guntur District. The city has 51% of green spaces that lie on the 217 km of the riverfront. The place throngs with visitors throughout the year. The natural beauty and historical significance beckon pilgrims and other tourists to come to visit this town.

The historical quality of Amravati dates back to the time of Empire Ashoka. The Buddhist Stupa’s construction began during his reign.

Borra Caves

Borra Caves is one of the finest attractions of Araku Valley. The Borra Caves are one million-year-old limestone caves. The adventurous people out there here are a place for you. The Caves are at the height of 705 meters and are spread across an area of 2 kilometers. Borra Caves is in the Ananthagiri Hills of Araku Valley. William King George discovered the natural caves in 1807. The place also has mythological importance for the locals and even the visitors. The natural formation of the caves has a stone in the shape of the Linga, the synonymous consideration of Lord Shiva. The discovery led to the establishment of a Shiva temple inside the caves.

The Borra Caves is indeed very beautiful and is a place to visit to experience the thrill of a natural wonder. When visiting Araku Valley, do not miss visiting the Borra Caves to witness such a great tourist attraction.

Visakhapatnam

Visakhapatnam, also known as Vizag, is one of the most famous places in Andhra Pradesh and India. It is one of the oldest port cities in the country, and its prime attractions are scenic beaches and picturesque landscapes. The historic quality of the place is the port of Visakhapatnam, and the port houses India’s oldest shipyard. Yarada Beach is the most beautiful beach amongst all its beaches. Yarada Beach has majestic hills on its three sides and the Bay of Bengal on one side. Araku Valley is only a few kilometers from Vizag.

The natural wonder of the place is truly something to behold. The port city is immaculate and welcomes visitors year-round.

Gandikota

Gandikota is one of the lesser-known places of Andhra Pradesh. The place is only known to off-beat travelers and campers, and they only know the historical appeal of the place. Gandikota is home to the historic fort, and the Gandikota fort is along the Penna River. The view of the canyon from this place is like none other in India. The place is popularly termed the ‘Grand Canyon of India.’ Campers who know of this place pitch their tent with a view of the canyon. The lovely picturesque view along with a sky full of stars appease the thirst of every visitor.

Gandikota is ideal for history, nature, and adventure lovers. The remnant of the fort, along with the canyon’s site, is perfect for every vacation lover.

Machilipatnam

Masulipatnam is another city of Andhra Pradesh that still carries the scent of the bygone days of British rule. Machilipatnam, formerly Masulipatnam or Masulipatam, was the first British trading settlement in 1611 on the Bay of Bengal. The city was also under French and Dutch rule from 1686 to 1759. The British finally took over the city in 1759. It has a ruined fort, a railroad terminus and a seaport, and connects Vijayawada to the northwest. The beaches in the city are enjoyable for a good relaxing time. It is ideal for nature and history lovers. The city’s long history of rulers gives it a different charm that attracts a lot of tourists.

Andhra Pradesh is a state known for its food, beaches, and river tributaries. The natural wonders of the place make it a sought-after tourist spot. We hope that the list will help you choose your spot while visiting the state for all the history buffs out there. Andhra Pradesh does have its historical significance and the ruins that remain from the old days are testimony to the place’s charm.

Hyderabadi Haleem: A Taste of Heaven on Your Plate

By

Harika Bantupalli

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March 30, 2023

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As a Hyderabadi, the month of Ramadan is something I always look forward to. Sure it is an auspicious and a significant time of the year for Muslims across the globe, but this holy month is a little bit more special for both residents and visitors of Hyderabad – thanks to the midnight bazaars at Charminar, lavish Iftar parties and most importantly, the iconic Haleem. Yes, the Haleem! It is what most Hyderabadis look forward to, without any kind of biases or prejudices. After all, it is one of the archetypal culinary delicacies of the city.

I still remember the first time I tasted Haleem at one of the Pista House joints – the perfectly cooked, heavily spiced stew made of pounded chicken and lentils with lots of ghee added atop! The spoonful of Haleem just melted into my mouth while its divine taste still lingered in the taste buds for a long time. Since then, as Ramadan approached each year, I waited for the Haleem joints placed in the nook and cranny of the city to open. And I believe that many others like me do so, too.

The Journey of Haleem

Haleem was originally a native to the Arab cuisine, but was introduced to Hyderabad by the Arab diaspora during Nizam rule. Like the authentic Hyderabadi Biryani and several other traditional recipes, Arab Haleem was also exposed to the local culinary style and was infused with a number of local spices, thus obtaining a unique taste. Unlike in many Muslim regions, Hyderabadi Haleem is prepared with a variety of lentils, meat, and spices which are pounded together and cooked on a low flame for about 12 hours. The ingredients and preparation method used here are somewhat similar to the Haleem made in Karachi, Pakistan. However, the local spices give the Hyderabadi version a peculiar taste and flavor.

An important hors d’oeuvre at Ramadan Iftar parties and Muslim weddings, Hyderabadi Haleem is often considered as an international delicacy craved by many a man. The dish is so popular with people that it managed to become the first Indian meat dish to be rewarded with a Geographical Indication status by the GI registry office of India.

It should not come to one as a surprise when the month of Ramadan is synonymized with Haleem in Hyderabad and surrounding places. The city attracts a lot of visitors who wish to savour the delicacy during this holy month. Haleem tourists, as they are fondly called, visit the famous Haleem taverns and gorge on various types of Haleem available to choose from their chalkboard-written menus. Though most of the places predominantly sell Haleem prepared with chicken, mutton and beef, other variants of Haleem are also available, like the ones made with fish, emu bird, and assorted vegetables.

Figures shows that 800 crore rupees worth Haleem was sold in Hyderabad during the Ramadan month in 2020. More than 7000 Haleem taverns were set up in the city and about 28% of the production was packed and exported to more than 50 countries across the globe. Well, that’s nothing but the sheer magic of this ambrosial delicacy.

Have you tasted the iconic Hyderabadi Haleem yet? If not, this is the perfect time. Make haste and head down to one of those delectable Haleem eateries in the city before Ramadan month ends. Of course, there are some places that stay open for a few days after the festival and a couple of roadside joints at King Koti sell traditional Haleem all year round. However, the true taste of this exquisite dish can only be experienced during the days of Holy Ramadan.

Here is a recipe of Hyderabadi Haleem if you prefer to make it at home.

Metal Crafts of India – A Malleable Mélange

By

Tasneem Sariya

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March 30, 2023

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Metals are usually associated with hardness, sturdiness and solid utility. The use of metals brings to mind construction, large industries and a sense of formidable resistance. But metals are malleable, which means they can be shaped, pressed or hammered without breaking or even cracking.

This quality of metals makes it craftsman’s delight. And hence Indian metal crafts are popular all over the world. Quite contrary to their sturdy image, metal craft in India exude a combination of style, artistry, as well as, dependability.

Metal crafts in India date back to the Indus Valley Civilization. The discovery of the Dancing Girl sealed the fact that people of the sub-continent region were masters at moulding metal since long. The legacy of metal works is seen till date in bronze statues of the Chola kingdom or the iron pillar at Mehrauli in Delhi made during Ashoka’s time.

Metal-Crafts-of-India-01 — Dancing Girl Statue for Indus Valley Civilisation

But though the metal crafts of India have been an intrinsic part of the Indian artists and sculptures they have also served their purpose in utilitarian and practical usages. On one hand metals have been widely used to create mythological figures and deities, whereas, on the other, metal pots, pans, frames, locks, key chains etc. are also very common in our cultures. There are large variants of how metals are handled and what they finally turn out to be.

Types of Metal Crafts of Indian

Before we move on, a quick look at the different types of metal crafts is required. The art of working on the metals also means infusing it with other objects.

Metal-Crafts-of-India-02 — Bronze Statue of Nataraja from Chola Period – Wikimedia

Enameling for example is when a glass substance is fused with metal at high temperatures. A blacksmith shapes the iron to create objects including sculptures, weapons, gates etc. A tinsmith creates utensils out of metal, whereas, a silversmith makes fine items from the silver metal. Where a coppersmith creates objects out of copper and brass, a goldsmith forms valuable designs and objects with gold.

Indian Metal Arts

There are various uses of metal. But when it comes to recognizing metal arts, there are a few distinct centers in India that are known for their regional metal crafts.

1. Bidri Ware

Metal-Crafts-of-India-Bidri — Image courtesy – Deccanherald.com

The most popular is the Bidri ware of Andhra Pradesh. Using zinc and copper first and then overlaying the grooves with silver and gold designs make the Bidri metal art a unique and stunning artistic device. Originating from the town of Bidar, Karnataka the inlaid work of the metal ware is its biggest attraction.

2. Pembharti

Pembharti found in the Warangal district in Telangana is popular for its sheet metal art. Used extensively during the Kakatiyas Empire, this form of art was used in chariots and in temples. Using brass the art is today used on vases, containers and plaques.

3. Dhokra

Dhokra is the technique of using lost-wax casting and the Dancing Girl from Mohenjo Daro is the earliest statue that exists made using this technique. Well-known today, the Dhokra metal craft is most practiced in Andhra Pradesh, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh. The statues are made usually from bronze scrap but the interiors are filled with clay. A variety of statues, ranging from figures of horses, elephants, owls, peacocks to religious motifs are made using this form of metal craft.

4. Kamrupi

Metal-Crafts-of-India Kamrupi — Source – Wikimedia

Kamrupi metal craft is practiced in Kamrup, Assam. Made from brass and bell metal the items produced by this metal craft are pots or kalah, the sarai, lota (water pot), bati (bowl), cymbals and more. The craft also uses copper, silver and gold to create objects. A lot of metal crafts from Kamrup are displayed in State Museum in Guwahati.

5. Moradabad

Moradabad in Uttar Pradesh is famous for a range of household items made from brass. The items are also widely decorated with intrinsic designs. Similarly, Varanasi is where cast sculptures of deities, as well as household utensils are made using copper and brass.

6. Jaipur Metal Craft

Jaipur is the center for lacquering and brass engravings in Rajasthan. Beautiful designs are embossed on the glossy surface of the pots, plates, boxes etc. It is also well-known for bronze sculptures and Koftagiri, which is the art of encrusting one metal with another.

Metal Craft in Other States of India

The Ladakh region has its own traditional vessels made from brass and iron, whereas, the Kashmir region is also popular for the naquashi work. Here the designs and patterns that are embossed on silver and copper items are oxidized.

Metal-Crafts-of-India-Naqashi-art-kashmir — Naqashi Art kashmir

Bronze statues of Jain deities are famous in Palitana, Gujarat, whereas, in Tamil Nadu brassware items include lamps and other traditional objects used for religious functions.

The Silver filigree work of Odisha and Andhra is made using thin silver wires to create animals and bird pieces. Key chains, trays and other decorative items are also made using this form of metal craft.

Metal-Crafts-of-India-Tamil-Nadu-brassware — Tamil Nadu Brass Art

Metal crafts of India are wide spread with artisans specializing in the art of their respective regions. Different types of metal crafts are popular in different parts of the country.

Next time you look at a metal craft, even if it is a vessel or items that are used daily in mundane activities, note that it takes artistic skill to mold and shape a solid metal into a beautiful piece.

What is The Summer Uniform of The Police

By

Cscope Staff

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March 29, 2023

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Police officers are a symbol of law and order, and they have the important responsibility of maintaining peace and security in our communities. Their uniforms are a significant part of their identity and serve to distinguish them from the general public. During the summer months, police officers wear a specific uniform that is designed to provide them with comfort and protection from the heat.

The summer uniform of the police typically consists of a short-sleeved shirt and shorts. The shirt is usually made of lightweight, breathable fabric, such as cotton or polyester, to help officers stay cool in the summer heat. The color of the shirt varies depending on the department, but most police departments use light-colored shirts to reflect the sun’s rays and keep the officers cooler. Some departments also have logos or badges embroidered on the shirts to identify the officer’s rank and department.

The shorts worn by police officers in the summer are also made of lightweight, breathable fabric, such as cotton or polyester. They are designed to be comfortable and allow officers to move freely while on duty. The length of the shorts varies depending on the department’s regulations, but they are typically above the knee.

In addition to the shirt and shorts, police officers also wear a variety of accessories to complete their summer uniform. These accessories include a duty belt, which holds the officer’s firearm, handcuffs, baton, and other police equipment. The duty belt is designed to be comfortable and provide easy access to the officer’s tools when they are needed.

Another essential accessory worn by police officers in the summer is a hat. The hat is designed to protect the officer’s head from the sun and keep them cool. Many police departments require officers to wear a specific type of hat, such as a baseball cap or a wide-brimmed hat.

Lastly, police officers wear comfortable and supportive shoes designed for their work environment. The shoes are typically black or brown and made of durable materials that can withstand the demands of the job.

In conclusion, the summer uniform of the police is designed to provide officers with comfort and protection from the heat. The uniform typically consists of a short-sleeved shirt and shorts made of lightweight, breathable fabric, a duty belt, a hat, and comfortable shoes. While the uniform may vary slightly depending on the department’s regulations, the overall goal is to provide officers with a comfortable and functional uniform that allows them to perform their duties effectively.

Festivals of Punjab: A Dazzling and Thrilling Celebration

By

Rupsha Sen

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March 23, 2023

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In the land of lovely meadows and warm-hearted people, culture of Punjab is known for its diversity. The state that enjoys the beauty of five babbling rivers welcomes travelers to enjoy its allure. Festivals are a splendid opportunity to get a sense of what this lovely state is all about. A festival is a symbolic event in which people display their aims, ideals, and true selves. Punjab’s liveliness is evident through the vibrant festivals it celebrates. Here are some of the top festivals of Punjab to attend:

1. Lohri

Lohri is a Punjabi festival that celebrates the end of a severely cold winter by welcoming in longer and warmer days. It’s also a community event, with a large number of families gathered around a single bonfire, which symbolizes fertility and generates warmth among community members. People chant songs and throw popcorn, peanuts, and other fertility symbols into the fire while they move in circles around the bonfire. For dinner, traditional Punjabi cuisine and local delicacies are prepared and presented. It’s also a community event, with a large number of families gathered around a single bonfire.

2. Basant Panchami

Festivals of Punjab Basant Panchami — Image Source

Basant Panchami is a colorful festival that commemorates the arrival of spring. The fields of Punjab are flooded with a golden sea of mustard flowers, providing the perfect backdrop for Basant Panchami. The state of Punjab is awash in mustard yellow, a color associated with the blooming of mustard flowers. Kites are also flown to commemorate the festival, and the sky is awash in vibrant and liberating kites.

3. Hola Mohalla

Festivals of Punjab-Hola Mohalla — Image

Hola Mohalla is a three-day event in Punjab that takes place after Holi, the festival of colors. This event is conducted in Anandpur Sahib and is a custom started by Guru Gobind Singh in the 1700s. The Nihang Sikhs put on demonstrations of bravery and military prowess incorporating traditional battle techniques and animals as part of the celebrations. Thousands of Sikhs attend this festival, which is a significant cultural event for them. Many remarkable accomplishments, like sword fencing, archery, and horseback riding, are displayed throughout the event. The ceremony ultimately results in a procession in which the panj pyaras wear traditional blue and saffron attire.

4. Baisakhi

Baisakhi is a traditional harvest celebration in Punjab. Guru Teg Bahadur’s demise is commemorated on this day. The occasion is also used to commemorate the harvest of the winter crop, rabi. Throughout Punjab, many fairs and processions are held, encouraging everyone to join in the festivities. The entire state is illuminated in honor of Baisakhi, causing everyone to be ecstatic.

5. Gurpurab

The Sikh community’s most important festival, the different Gurupurabs, are a matter of holiness, spirituality, and jubilation for the Sikhs. They commemorate the anniversaries of the Sikh Gurus’ births or martyrdoms. A religious procession, in which sacred songs are chanted, begins and ends the festival. The Guru Granth Sahib, the Sikhs’ holy scripture, is read aloud during the celebration. People go to gurdwaras to seek blessings, pray, and eat langar, which is sweet and holy.

6. Teeyan

Teeyan, or Punjabi Teej, is a women’s traditional celebration that marks the start of the monsoon season. Teeyan runs for thirteen days, beginning on the third day of Saawan Maas and ending on Saawan Purnima. Every married woman was required to spend the whole Sawan month at her parental home. Teeyan has traditionally been linked with monsoon swings and giddha. Girls and women would bind swings to trees and perform Giddha, a traditional dancing form. Teeyan has gradually devolved into ladies fasting on the Saawan full moon day and later enjoying a well-prepared meal.

7. Bhai Dooj

Bhai Dooj is a religious holiday held on the second day of Shukla Paksha in Kartik maas, with several regional names such as Bhau beej, Bhai Tika, and so on. This festival’s customs are similar to those of Raksha Bandhan. The festival takes place all over North India, including Punjab. Bhai Dooj is all about delicious sweets and family time, and it celebrates the brother-sister bond. The sister conducts aarti and tika on her boys’ foreheads as part of their ritual. The sister then ties the kalawa around her brother’s wrist, recalling their previous promises to keep her safe. As part of the celebration, special desserts and meals are provided. Another bead in the thread of festivals is Bhai Dooj, which happens on the second day after Diwali.

8. Chappar Mela

Festivals of Punjab-Chappar Mela — Image

The Chappar Mela is an annual fair held in the Punjabi village of Chappar, in the district of Ludhiana. This mela celebrates the arrival of the famed Gugga Pir or ‘Snake God,’ a local folk figure. Chappar mela has been an annual event for the inhabitants of the Malwa belt for over 150 years, taking place on the fourth day of Bhadas maas (September). Chappar mela, which began as a tiny gathering, has grown to draw millions of individuals who believe in Gugga Pir.

9. Jor Mela

The Shaheedi Sabha, also known as the Shaheedi Jor Mela, is a three-day religious gathering (congregation). Every year in December, it is held at Gurdwara Fatehgarh Sahib in Punjab’s Fatehgarh Sahib area. Sikhs gather to commemorate the martyrdom of Sahibzaade Baba Zorawar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh, the youngest sons of Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the tenth guru of the Sikh religion. Both of these intrepid souls, as well as Guru Gobind Singh’s mother, Mata Gujri, were imprisoned and compelled to convert to Islam, which they abhorrently refused. This prompted Wazir Khan, the governor of Zirhind, to bury them alive. They gave their life and

Important Types of Bananas in India

By

Rupsha Sen

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March 15, 2023

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Types-of-Bananas-in-India-02 — Image – Luquman/Pixahive

Bananas are a popular fruit in India, and the country is one of the largest producers of bananas in the world. The cultivation of bananas in India dates back to ancient times, and it is believed that the country is home to over 50 different varieties of bananas.

Bananas are a staple food in many parts of India and are consumed both as a ripe fruit and as a cooking ingredient. The fruit is rich in fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and is also a good source of energy.

In addition to being eaten fresh, bananas are also used in a variety of Indian dishes. They are used to make desserts like banana halwa and banana kheer, and are also used in savory dishes like banana chips, curry, and sambar. In some parts of the country, the leaves of the banana plant are also used to wrap and cook food.

Types-of-Bananas-use-in-India — Image – Wikimedia

Bananas are grown in many parts of India, with the southern states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka being some of the largest producers of bananas. However, bananas are also grown in other parts of the country, including Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, and West Bengal.

In Kerala, bananas are one of the major crops and are grown in almost every district of the state. The Nendran variety of bananas is a popular variety in Kerala, and it is used in making banana chips and other traditional dishes.

In Tamil Nadu, bananas are grown in the districts of Coimbatore, Madurai, and Salem. The Cavendish variety is a popular variety in Tamil Nadu, and it is often used for making desserts and smoothies.

In Karnataka, bananas are grown in the districts of Chikkaballapur, Kolar, and Hassan. The state is also known for its production of the Yelakki variety of bananas, which is a small and sweet variety that is often eaten as a snack.

Below we take a deeper look at the different types of bananas in India:

Cavendish Bananas

Types of Bananas in India, Cavendish banana — Image Source

Cavendish bananas are grown in India, particularly in the southern states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Andhra Pradesh. The bananas are typically grown in small farms and plantations, with many farmers growing a mix of both Cavendish and other banana varieties.

The Cavendish banana is a popular variety in India and is widely consumed both as a fresh fruit and as an ingredient in various dishes. In particular, the banana is often used in desserts, such as banana bread, banana pudding, and banana smoothies.

The cultivation of Cavendish bananas in India faces a number of challenges, including diseases such as Panama disease, which can devastate banana crops. To address this issue, farmers are encouraged to use disease-resistant varieties and follow good agricultural practices to prevent the spread of disease.

Robusta Bananas

Robusta bananas are a variety of banana that is grown in India, particularly in the southern states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, and Karnataka. This variety is also known as Nendran or Ney Poovan, and is a popular variety for both local consumption and export.

Robusta bananas are a type of plantain, which means they are typically larger and less sweet than other varieties of bananas. They have a thick skin that turns black when fully ripe, and the flesh is starchy and slightly sweet. Robusta bananas are often used in cooking and are a popular ingredient in South Indian cuisine. In Kerala, Robusta bananas are a major crop and are grown in almost every district of the state. They are often used to make traditional dishes such as banana chips, banana halwa, and banana fritters. In Tamil Nadu, the Robusta banana is a popular variety for making desserts and smoothies, and is also used in cooking savory dishes such as curries.

Monthan Bananas

Monthan bananas, also known as Mysore bananas, are a popular variety of banana in India. Monthan bananas are a large variety of banana, with a thick skin that turns yellow when ripe. The flesh of the banana is firm and creamy, with a sweet flavour that is less sweet than some other varieties. These bananas are often used in cooking, particularly in South Indian cuisine, and are a popular ingredient in dishes such as banana chips, banana bajji, banana halwa, and banana dosa.

In addition to their culinary uses, Monthan bananas are also used in traditional medicine in India. They are believed to have several health benefits, including helping to regulate digestion and reduce inflammation.

Bhim Kol Bananas

Bhim kol (musa balbisiana colla) is an Assamese native banana variety. This seeded banana has various advantages and makes wonderful baby food. In Assam, some newborns are given deseeded and mashed bhim kol combined with rice flour and milk, or simply milk. Even now, some Assamese people eat bhim kol combined with rice flour or xandoh for breakfast. When one or two ripe bananas are mashed and steeped in two glasses of water overnight and drunk the next morning, bhim kol functions as a free health tonic. The name “juroni” refers to this tonic. Bhim kol is claimed to significantly enhance immunity.

Most importantly, no part of this banana is wasted – the stem (posola) and flower (koldil) are eaten as vegetables, the skin and roots are used to make “kolakhar,” and the leaves are used to make “patot diya” delicacies – wrapped in bhim kol leaves, fish, chicken, or vegetables are smoked or steamed. Banana blossoms contain high levels of calcium and iron. Kolakhar was once used as a detergent for washing clothing and shampoo for washing hair.

Red Bananas

Red bananas are smaller than yellow cavendish bananas, with a shorter length, broader diameter, and a curved to straight form with a few angular ridges along the length of the fruit. The peel of the banana is thick, firm, and smooth, and it ripens from green to variegated shades of red-orange, bright red, dark red, yellow, and maroon. The colour of the peel will vary according to the antioxidant content of the fruit, and the matte peel may have a few flaws from being nicked and banged during harvest and transportation. The skin will grow many dark patches as the fruit ripens, indicating ripeness. As the peel is peeled away, the flesh displays a yellow-orange, white, to light pink flesh with a delicious and sweet scent.While fresh, the flesh is dry, chalky, and unappealing; however, as the banana ripens, the flesh softens and becomes creamy, soft, thick, and tender. Red bananas have a mellow, sweet, and earthy flavour with tropical, fruity undertones similar to raspberries and mangoes.

Rasthali Banana

Rasthali Banana, also known as Silk Banana, is a popular variety of banana that is primarily grown in the southern Indian states of Karnataka, Tamil Nadu, and Andhra Pradesh. It is a medium-sized banana that is known for its soft and creamy texture and sweet flavor. Rasthali bananas have a bright yellow skin that is thin and easy to peel. The flesh of the fruit is white and has a creamy, tender texture that is similar to silk, hence the name “Silk Banana.” The flavor of the banana is sweet and has a mild aroma that is reminiscent of vanilla.

These bananas are commonly eaten as a snack when fully ripe or used in cooking, particularly in South Indian cuisine. Rasthali bananas are considered to be a healthy food choice, as they are high in fiber, vitamins, and minerals. They are also believed to have several health benefits, such as improving digestion and boosting the immune system.

Yelakki Bananas

Types-of-Bananas-in-India-Yelakki-Banana-1 — Image Source

People prefer big, yellow, somewhat ripe bananas; yet, one may have come across little and dwarf sized bananas that are sweeter and more expensive. In Mumbai, this type is known as Elaichi Banana, in Bengaluru as Yelakki, and in Bihar as Chinia. Small-Sized Delights In Kannada and Hindi, Yelakki and Elaichi signify cardamom, respectively, while Chinia signifies little. Contrary to popular belief, the name Elaichi or Yelakki was given to these bananas due to their tiny size rather than their flavour. They taste similar to ordinary bananas but are sweeter and not even the size of a hand.

The word on the street is that if you’re looking for a good time, you should go to the movies. They have a natural flavour, are fragrant, and sweet. They are commonly used to produce ‘Pua,’ a sweet snack. If ripe, these little bananas are highly sweet and can be used to make sweets, while raw bananas are used to make savoury meals. These little bananas are rich in Vitamin C and full of potassium which makes them a great post-workout snack. They are handy and tasty, but they are also high in healthy carbs. Locally grown elaichi bananas tend to be more healthy and tasty too.

Malbhog bananas

Malbhog bananas are a variety of banana that is primarily grown in the northeastern Indian state of Assam. They are small to medium-sized bananas with slightly curved yellowish-green skin that turns yellow when fully ripe.

Malbhog bananas are known for their sweet, creamy flesh and distinct aroma. They are an important ingredient in many traditional Assamese sweets, such as pithas (rice cakes) and doi-jolpan (yogurt with puffed rice), as well as other desserts and snacks. In addition to their culinary uses, Malbhog bananas are also believed to have several health benefits. They are a good source of fiber, vitamins, and minerals, and are believed to aid in digestion, boost immunity, and promote heart health.

Malbhog bananas are typically grown in the districts of Nagaon, Darrang, and Sonitpur in Assam. They are an important crop for many farmers in the region, and are often grown in small-scale, family-run farms. The cultivation of Malbhog bananas is an important part of the economy of Assam, and helps to support many rural communities in the state. Malbhog bananas are a delicious and nutritious variety of banana that is an important part of Assamese cuisine and culture. Their unique flavor and aroma make them a prized ingredient in many dishes, and their health benefits make them a healthy food choice.

Final Thoughts

India is home to a wide variety of bananas, each with its own unique flavor, texture, and culinary uses. From the popular Cavendish and Robusta bananas to the lesser-known varieties such asBhim Kol, and Malbhog, there are many different types of bananas grown in different regions of the country. India’s diverse climate and soil conditions make it an ideal place for growing bananas, with the majority of bananas grown in the southern states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, and Karnataka. Banana cultivation is an important source of income for many farmers in India and plays a significant role in the country’s economy. The wide range of bananas grown in India reflects the country’s rich biodiversity and cultural diversity. The different varieties of bananas provide a valuable source of nutrition and flavor, making them an integral part of India’s food and agricultural landscape.

Festivals of Andhra Pradesh You Can’t Miss!

By

Cscope Staff

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March 14, 2023

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Festivals-of-Andhra-Pradesh-cover — Image – Rajesh_India/Flickr

Andhra Pradesh is a magnet attracting people from all walks of life and people from all around the globe. Thousands of people visit the state of Jasmines, Andhra Pradesh, each year to explore the distinct culture of Andhra Pradesh. Festivals are the symbols to understand one’s culture. The festivals of Andhra Pradesh are lavish and would not fail in giving you chills of excitement. Here is a list of the eight most famous festivals of Andhra Pradesh.

Pongal

Pongal, or what you might know as Makar Sakranti, is one of the most famous festivals in the state. It is a harvest festival and observes the inception of the harvesting season. Although the festival is famous all over the country, the people of Andhra Pradesh celebrate it uniquely.

In Andhra Pradesh, people dress up as ancient mythological characters on the occasion of Pongal. Pongal is a four-day event where the first day observes the Bhogi Panduga, the second day is the Pedda Panuga, the third is the Mattu Pongal, and the last is the Kanuma Panduga. And how can we miss the delicious feast and sweet rice Pongal of the Festival?

Ugadi

In Andhra Pradesh, people celebrate Ugadi as New Year’s Day. Locally, people call it Gudi Padwa. It is a festival based on the lunisolar calendar. You can be part of this festival at the end of March or the beginning of April. And as we know that festivals in India are incomplete without mouth-watering dishes, on Ugadi too, people make lots of tasty sweets. Puran Poli and Bhakshya are ritual sweets of the festival. The most astonishing part of the festival is the making of banana leaves garland. People in Andhra Pradesh make banana leaves garlands for hanging them on their doors.

Other than Andhra Pradesh, Southern states, including Telangana and Karnataka, also celebrate the festival with utmost enthusiasm.

Deccan Festival

The Deccan festival is the most exuberant Festival of Andhra Pradesh, and you would witness the five-day-long festival celebrated most astonishingly. This festival is different from the traditional festivals of the state, as the festival is about art, cuisine, and culture rather than mythology and religion.

The best part about the Deccan festival is the local fairs and exhibitions that you would see at several places all over the state. The nights spent with cultural programs, dance performances, and poetry sessions complete the festival and the festive vibe of the festival.

Lumbini Festival

The Lumbini festival is a Buddhist festival. The Department of Tourism of the State Government of Andhra Pradesh is responsible for organizing the festival. The festival aims at reviving the knowledge about the significance of Buddhism in the medieval history of Andhra Pradesh. The main objective is to promote and highlight the Buddhist culture in the state.

The festival goes on for three days in December and is now one of the greatest and most famous festivals in Andhra Pradesh. Many tourists visit Andhra Pradesh in December to be a part of this joyous festival.

Vinayaka Chaturthi

Vinayaka Chaturthi, also known as Ganesha Chaturthi in Maharashtra, is the most vibrant festival of Andhra Pradesh and the country. In Andhra Pradesh, people celebrate the Chaturthi or the birthday of Lord Ganesha by worshipping the god with leaves, flowers, sandal paste, vermilion, and kheer. The festival culminates with the immersion of the idol of Lord Ganesha in the lake.

Rayalaseema Food and Dance Festival

The Rayalaseema Food and Dance Festival is the most significant Art Mela in the state. The people of Andhra Pradesh encapsulate in traditional and religious festivals and cultural festivals aiming at the promotion of art and culture. The Rayalaseema Food and Dance Festival is a living example of this. The festival stands dedicated to art and crafts, food, and cultural dances. The people organize this festival during the festive month of October in the region Rayalaseema.

Visakha Utsav

Visakha Utsav is a cultural festival of South India, and the festival is neither mythology-based nor traditional. The state government of Andhra Pradesh organizes the Visakha Utsaveach year at the end of December, and the four-day festival event was first organized in 1997.

You can not miss this Festival in Andhra Pradesh. It is a hub of all cultural ties up in the state. You would witness many cultural events, including sports events, traditional crafts, shows, garment exhibitions, flower shops, and heritage tours. There is no chance of facing boredom. If you are an admirer of cultural beauty, you have to attend the Visakha Utsav.

Tirumala Brahmotsavam

Brahmotsavam or the Tirupati Tirumala Brahmotsavam is a Hindu festival. The only temple where you would see the celebration of this festival is at the Tirumala Venkateswara temple. The nine-day festival dedicated to the sole worship of Lord Brahma forms the first religious festival in the state of Andhra Pradesh. To become a part of this eventful ceremony, you would have to plan your trip to Andhra Pradesh in October. The last day of the festival, the ninth day, is extraordinary and the most interesting one. On the last day, there is a display of bliss scenes of the procession of Lord Venkateshwara passing by various streets. This goes on till midnight.

Final Thoughts

This completes our list of festivals of Andhra Pradesh. The state is culturally rich, and this unique aspect of walking on the road of culture, heritage, and mythology together is visible only in Andhra Pradesh. Many festivals of Andhra Pradesh find their origin or base from the mythological legends, others from religious traditions, and the most recent ones developed as a part of the promotion of state tourism. The festivals in the state attract thousands of visitors each year and serve as a great way to display the state’s eclectic, vibrant and joyous culture.

Tholu Bommalata – Leather Puppetry Art from Andhra Pradesh

By

Gayathri Thatavarthi

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March 14, 2023

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The Indian subcontinent is a place of unimaginable diversity. There have been different art and craft forms that evolved from this region, one of which is the craft of making Tholu bommalu or leather puppet in the southern Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. However, this craft is unique because it is intrinsically linked with an ancient form of entertainment- Tholu Bommalata- or the dance of leather puppets.

Tholubommalata is a shadow puppet tradition from Andhra Pradesh, known for its roots in traditional tales and folklore. The art of making these puppets is a difficult craft, and an art in itself. The unique beauty of Tholubommalata comes from the fact that it is the same community that make these puppets and the same community that gained such acclaim for entertaining millions of people over millennia.Tholubommalata is so special because it encompasses two very different arts- crafting leather puppets and the painstaking skill of puppeteering, both intimately interdependent.

Tholubommalata History and People

The tradition of making Tholu bommalu and the practice of Tholubommalata is believed to have originated in about the second century BC during Satavahana rule in Andhra Pradesh. The community of puppet makers consists mostly of people of the Balija community from Maharashtra who migrated to Andhra Pradesh. The same community also put up puppet shows, each of them acting as the voices for different characters. The puppeteers/ puppet makers travelled from one village to another, setting up temporary theatres to entertain and educate people through their puppet shows.The puppets were usually mounted in the centre on a palm stick, with strings tied to the limbs to control their movements. A single puppeteer would control all the movements of the puppet, and give it its voice as well. The puppets would be controlled behind a nearly transparent screen, with light shining from behind to cast the colourful shadows of the puppets on the screens.

Music would be played on the side for dramatic effects, and every few minutes, there would be some sort of comic relief, either in the form of exaggerated movements of the puppets or an eccentric manner of speech to convey these values in a memorable and entertaining manner. Tholubommalata was for all strata of society, and for all ages, with entire villages excitedly leaving their homes for the evening to watch the annual show of the travelling artistes. It was once said that the places chosen by the artists to put up a show would experience days of bountiful rain and prosperity.

This tradition continued and maintained its popularity for a long time, through the ancient and mediaeval ages. However, it truly came under the limelight and reached the pinnacle of its renown and popularity under the Vijayanagara empire, when it came under royal patronage. Under the Vijayanagara empire, it was so renowned that a version of the Ramayana called ‘Ramayana Ranganatham’, is believed to have been composed exclusively for a portrayal of Ramayana through the art of puppetry.

Today, the puppets are made by the same community, with each generation inheriting the knowledge of crafting and entertaining with leather puppetry from their senior generations. The community has assimilated into the Telugu state from its original Marathi origins, with Nimmalakunta in Ananthapuram, Narasaraopet in Guntur and D.C. Palle in Nellore districts of Andhra Pradesh being considered the main centres of leather puppet craftsmen now.

Tholubommalata Style, Uniqueness and Process

Tholubommalata Style and Uniqueness — Image Source

The process of making these leather puppets is a time-taking and laborious one- it usually takes more than a month. Traditionally, artisans first pick up goat hide from the local meat markets. Then, through a long and labour-intensive process of cleaning and curing, they convert the hide into parchment. This process includes soaking the hide in lime water for ten days, followed by cleaning. The leather is, once again, soaked in water mixed with kadaka powder, a vegetable based natural dye that imparts a light brown hue to the leather. Then, the artisans must allow the leather to dry out for perhaps a week or more.

After the parchment is ready, the artisans trace out the shapes of the soon-to-be puppets with chalk on the parchment and cut out the outline. The shapes generally are those of characters from Indian epics like the Mahabharata or the Ramayana and Indian Mythology in general, because Tholubommalata revolves around these stories- stories of Indian mythology with life and moral lessons, meant to entertain and educate at the same time.

Once the outline is made, the artisans cut out holes in the puppet, this is to make light pass through it, giving it a certain sparkle during the performances. These holes are usually intricate little patterns that look like windows or flowers. Following this, the artisans draw the outline of the figure to be painted with black ink using sharpened bamboo reeds. This forms the outline of the character of what is to be the puppet.

Subsequently, the puppets are painted with vibrant colours traditionally derived from natural dyes, so that the light during the puppet shows don’t overshadow the colours of the Tholu Bomma; instead the vibrant colours just make the puppets look brighter and more beautiful when light shines against them. This process requires a great deal of precision and takes a lot of time. Once it is finished, the artists draw the outline and details in black ink again, to emphasise the details that might have been lost in the process of painting. This is the long, laborious process of making one Tholu bomma.

Recognition for Tholubommalata

Tholubommalata-Recognition — Image Source

In modern India, this beautiful and difficult craft and performing art has not gone unrecognised. In 2008, Tholubommalu were given a GI, or a Geographical indication tag, implying that it cannot be manufactured or performed anywhere outside Andhra by people other than Andhraites. Craftsmen committed to preserving and popularising this ancient craft in the age of globalisation have also individually recognised at the National level. In 2020, master craftsman Mr D Chalapathi Rao from Nimmalakunta village received the Padma Shri award from the then President, Ramnath Kovind, for his efforts to preserve the craft. His entire family is involved in making Tholu bommalu and Tholu bommalata- his relative, Mr Sinde Sriramulu, also received a national award for the same.

Present State of Tholubommalata Art

Tholubommalata -Present state — Image Source – Right, Left

Despite the accolades and recognition, all is not rosy for these craftsmen and artists. With the rise of modern entertainment media like television and mobile phones, few people are interested in Tholu bommalata now. As a result, craftsmen are now resorting to making commercial products like lampshades and wall hangings to practise their traditional occupation of leather crafts in some way- few craftsmen make Tholu bommalu themselves now, since they see few buyers. The younger generations in the community of the craftsmen are disinterested in the craft, or are being discouraged from practising it, being told to look for something more lucrative instead.

Final Thoughts

Tholubommalata is a craft that epitomises the beauty of the arts, crafts and culture of India. It represents not only centuries of craftsmanship, but a tradition of performing arts that helped propagate our culture and values for millenia. In this growing age of globalisation and consequently, homogeneity, awareness regarding the significance of crafts like Tholubommalata is necessary to help the common populace recognise the fact that it is arts, crafts and cultural enterprises like this is what makes our respective regions and cultures unique in an increasingly uniform world.

Yoga vs Pilates vs Tai Chi – Key Differences and Benefits

By

Cscope Staff

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March 14, 2023

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Yoga-vs-Pilates-vs-Tai-Chi-0 — It all starts with a single stretch – Image Credit – Ketut Subiyanto

Tai Chi, Pilates, and yoga are all effective low-impact workouts that concentrate on strengthening your core and improving your balance. These activities can be performed by anybody, regardless of age or skill level, and they have several positive effects on one’s health.

In this article, we will discuss these meditation workouts that will help aid your mind and body alike. Each workout type will be described according to its style and form. Then, we shall conclude by going over their differences.

Yoga

There are a lot of different styles and forms of yoga. One of the most well-known approaches is called Hatha, meaning ‘force’. This approach has various components that relate to the body.

Hatha yoga emphasizes movement and is less of a quiet and contemplative practice. It relies on breath control exercises (pranayamas). After this, there will be a sequence of yoga poses (asanas), and the practice will conclude with a resting period (savasana).

During your yoga practice, you should exert yourself physically, but you should never feel overwhelmed by the experience. When you reach this “edge”, your attention shifts to your breath and your mind becomes accepting and at ease.

Main Components

There is a wide variety of types of yoga, each of which emphasizes a distinct idea or way of thinking. Each of these varieties of yoga also emphasizes a different set of postures and areas of emphasis.

Although the actual practice of yoga covers a vast amount of ground and is quite in-depth, yoga is primarily concerned with the following aspects:

Position and posture of the body
Breathing
Meditation or a certain frame of mind

Benefits

Everyone, regardless of age or fitness level, may improve their physical and mental health by practicing yoga.

The health benefits of yoga include:

Strength, balance, and flexibility are all improved
Back discomfort may be alleviated
Yoga alleviates symptoms of arthritis
There is some evidence that yoga is good for the heart
Sleeping at night is better since it helps one to calm down
Increased vitality and improved moods
Better stress management and lower blood pressure
You will find a welcoming and encouraging community

In addition, if you are currently dealing with an illness, are recovering from surgery, or are a patient living with a chronic condition, you can incorporate yoga into your treatment plan to aid your recovery.

Numerous studies have shown that yoga may be beneficial for different conditions, including oncology, osteopenia, challenges with balance, women’s health, arthritis, and chronic pain, to name a few.

Due to the scientific evidence of yoga’s benefits to health care, several significant institutions, including the United States Armed Forces and the National Institutes of Health, are incorporating it into their practice.

Pilates

Routines in Pilates can be done with or without machines – [Image Credit – FreePik]

Pilates is focused on the improvement of overall fitness, aerobic condition, and health while also working to strengthen the whole body. Its routines may be practiced on a mat like yoga, but usually, resistance devices are utilized to improve strength.

Benefits

Health benefits of Pilates exercises include better posture, muscular toning, and enhanced mobility and balance. There is also proof that Pilates may be useful for alleviating back pain since using equipment enables the individual to exercise with back support.

Pilates is largely regarded as a safe and helpful type of exercise, despite having a plethora of movements with a wide range of motion. For this reason, many people are scared of trying it out the first time, but it is appropriate for beginners too.

The health benefits of Pilates include:

Strengthening of the core
Improvement of posture
Reduces back discomfort
Provides an energy boost
Helps you be more fit
Relieves stress
Relieves pain during menstruation cycles
Enhanced flexibility and mobility
Makes you more resistant to illness
Better cognitive performance
May increase motivation
Improves athletic performance
Improves sexual life
Strengthens bones
Effective mood enhancer
Provides better sleep

Tai Chi

Tai Chi is sometimes referred to as meditation in action, but a more appropriate name for the practice is medicine in motion.

There is an increasing amount of research suggesting that this mind-body activity, whose roots came from Chinese martial arts, may be beneficial in the treatment and prevention of a wide variety of health issues.

You may begin with its routines even though you aren’t in an ideal form or health, at the moment. It is the easiest exercise for beginners since it does not require a lot of cardio background and a prerequisite body weight.

Erien Fryer, a Qi Gong-certified teacher states, “Tai Chi Qi Gong can be extremely beneficial for individuals who have experienced trauma and find static positions triggering. The slow gentle movements with deep diaphragmatic breathing assist in the facilitation of neuro-regulation of the parasympathetic nervous system and optimal flow of Qi (Chi)”.

Benefits

Practicing Tai Chi has numerous benefits, both physical and mental. Tai Chi has been linked to a reducing symptoms of anxiety and sadness, as well as an increasing cognitive performance.

It is also possible that it may assist you in managing the symptoms of some chronic disorders, such as fibromyalgia or COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Tai Chi also has the following health benefits:

Alleviates stress and anxiety
Help facilitate better sleep
Reduction of weight
Enhances cognition (especially beneficial for cognitively impaired elderly persons)
Improves balance and motor skills
May supplement conventional treatments for some chronic illnesses
Reduces arthritis-related pain
Teaches you the art of self-defense

Tai Chi Sword

Tai Chi is the only meditational art that uses a weapon, the Tai Chi sword. The goal of using this fascinating weapon is not to end one’s life but to preserve it. It is a widely respected weapon reflecting Chinese culture, tradition, and history.

Differences & Similarities

Yoga-vs-Pilates-vs-Tai-Chi-04 — You shall improve both your mental and physical well-being with each exercise – Image Credit – Pexels

Although yoga, Pilates, and Tai Chi are all distinct forms of physical activity, they share one important characteristic: the ability to reduce discomfort and enhance the overall quality of life.

Tai Chi generally focuses on health, self-defense, and mind meditation with the internal Qi Gong
The main foundations of Pilates are associated with concentration, focusing on the core, correct breathing techniques, and providing control, flow, and precision
Yoga is another method to take care of your health that uses breathing, movement, and meditation to bring your mind, body, and spirit together

All these 3 exercises can support your health and well-being in varying degrees for similar areas. All of them will provide you with various forms of exercise designed to strengthen your muscle tone and mind.

The physical postures you will do for each of these arts will lead to stress reduction and weight loss. The risk of falls and failure when exercising is close to null, so we recommend you try each of their routines.

You can get support from an expert to decide which is more suitable for you or simply, try them all out and see for yourself which exercise suits you the most.

Conclusion

Building strength and balance via activities like Tai Chi, Pilates, and yoga are becoming more popular since it provides the dual benefit of lowered risk of injury from falls and alleviation of pain from illnesses. It is even possible to modify existing routines for each so that even mobility-impaired individuals can practice these.

References:

Vedanta Centre Staff, S. Y., & Publishing Staff, D. K. (2010, January 1). Yoga. In Your Home Practice Companion. DK.

Yoga, V. C., & Publishing Staff, D. K. (2003, January 1). Yoga (L. Hawksley & I. Whitelaw, Eds.). https://doi.org/10.1604/9780789496843

Yoga. (1997, March 2). In S. Y. Vedanta Centre (Trans.), Mente y Cuerpo.

Tucker, P. (2000, January 1). Tai Chi. In Flowing Movements for Harmony and Balance. Lorenz Books. https://doi.org/10.1604/9781859675038

Frantzis, B. (2011, July 15). Tai Chi. In Health for Life. https://doi.org/10.1604/9781583941447

Paden, L. (2014, December 1). Pilates. In Easy Lessons for Stretching, Lengthening, and Toning Your Body.

Eisen, I. (2014, December 30). Pilates. Rosen Young Adult.